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When Fashion Stood Still: from la mode assiégée to la mode durable 当时尚依然存在：从被围困的时尚到可持续时尚
IF 0.2 3区 文学
NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-02-09 DOI: 10.1353/NCF.2021.0025
Susan Hiner
{"title":"When Fashion Stood Still: from la mode assiégée to la mode durable","authors":"Susan Hiner","doi":"10.1353/NCF.2021.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/NCF.2021.0025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article analyzes the \"political\" columns, composed during the siege and Commune of Paris, of Emmeline Raymond, editor-in-chief of La Mode illustrée. Not surprisingly, the author of the most bourgeois of fashion journals bears witness to history by critiquing first the invading Germans and then the enemy from within, the Communards. But her columns also reveal an unwitting sympathy with certain principles animating the Commune's social and political unrest, ultimately proposing fashion reforms that explicitly critique Second Empire excess and target the fashion system itself.","PeriodicalId":42524,"journal":{"name":"NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES","volume":"49 1","pages":"549 - 566"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/NCF.2021.0025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43135753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Collective Forgetting: Textbooks and the Paris Commune in the Early Third Republic 集体遗忘:第三共和国早期的教科书与巴黎公社
IF 0.2 3区 文学
NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-02-09 DOI: 10.1353/NCF.2021.0012
David Shafer
{"title":"Collective Forgetting: Textbooks and the Paris Commune in the Early Third Republic","authors":"David Shafer","doi":"10.1353/NCF.2021.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/NCF.2021.0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:By 1880, the year Jules Ferry produced his law on public education, the Third Republic had become France's longest enduring republic. Given France's unstable political history, republicans focused on public education as the key to stabilizing the republic, instilling republican values in future generations of French citizens, and constructing historical narratives of the Republic as the embodiment of the nation's will. However, the Commune posed a particular challenge to the origins story of the Third Republic. The brief narratives of the Commune in public-school textbooks guardedly sympathized with the conditions that drove the Commune's working-class support, but tempered that with conventional portrayals of working-class manipulability and female emotionality in the political arena. Textbooks reserved their opprobrium for the unnamed Commune leaders, their choice of political referents, their motivations, and the emotional paroxysms they unleashed. Above all, the textbooks chastised the Commune as destructive of national unity.","PeriodicalId":42524,"journal":{"name":"NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES","volume":"49 1","pages":"329 - 347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/NCF.2021.0012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41771806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Vallotton, Fénéon, and the Legacy of the Commune in Fin-de-siècle France 瓦洛东、fsamnasson和法兰西末期公社的遗产
IF 0.2 3区 文学
NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-02-09 DOI: 10.1353/NCF.2021.0009
B. Alsdorf
{"title":"Vallotton, Fénéon, and the Legacy of the Commune in Fin-de-siècle France","authors":"B. Alsdorf","doi":"10.1353/NCF.2021.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/NCF.2021.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article explores the Paris Commune's conflicted legacy in fin-de-siècle France through a set of portraits by the Franco-Swiss artist Félix Vallotton. In 1897 the critic and anarchist Félix Fénéon published a questionnaire about the Commune in La Revue blanche with responses from a wide range of surviving participants and eyewitnesses. Vallotton supplemented these reflections with drawings of leaders, many of whom were long dead, from both sides of the barricades. These portrait heads, and their placement vis-à-vis the text, capture the complexity of the Commune's ideological afterlife in deceptively simple form, showing Vallotton's keen sensitivity to the political debates and uncertainties of his time. Like many of the artist's politically charged prints published throughout the 1890s, these portraits convey profound ambivalence about the relationship between the Parisian people and the state.","PeriodicalId":42524,"journal":{"name":"NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES","volume":"49 1","pages":"258 - 281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/NCF.2021.0009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48752695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From "female bodhisattva with a she-devil face" to "female general of the anarchist party": Biographies of Louise Michel in Early 20th-Century China 从“女妖脸女菩萨”到“无政府党女将”——20世纪初中国路易丝·米歇尔传
IF 0.2 3区 文学
NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-02-09 DOI: 10.1353/NCF.2021.0030
Cecilia A. Feilla
{"title":"From \"female bodhisattva with a she-devil face\" to \"female general of the anarchist party\": Biographies of Louise Michel in Early 20th-Century China","authors":"Cecilia A. Feilla","doi":"10.1353/NCF.2021.0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/NCF.2021.0030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article illuminates a little-known legacy of the Paris Commune in China: Chinese biographies of Louise Michel in the late Qing and early Republican periods (1897–1917). Providing an overview of the biographies and their historical contexts, the article shows how Michel—one of the leading figures of the Paris Commune—became part of a pantheon of radical Western women exemplars in China. In this period of rapid political, social, and cultural change for China, Michel's example inspired moderate and radical intellectuals and activists, providing a vector for thinking through issues ranging from revolutionary thought and history to feminism, nationalism, and modernization.","PeriodicalId":42524,"journal":{"name":"NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES","volume":"49 1","pages":"637 - 656"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/NCF.2021.0030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42384711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Back to Her Sheep: The Commune and Peasant Politics in George Sand's Nanon 回到她的羊群：乔治·桑《农》中的公社与农民政治
IF 0.2 3区 文学
NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-02-09 DOI: 10.1353/NCF.2021.0020
Claire White
{"title":"Back to Her Sheep: The Commune and Peasant Politics in George Sand's Nanon","authors":"Claire White","doi":"10.1353/NCF.2021.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/NCF.2021.0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article examines Sand's response to the Paris Commune through a rereading of her novel Nanon, which she started writing just two months after the Commune's collapse, in July 1871. Sand's work of fiction refracts the recent traumas of this urban uprising through a retelling of the French Revolution, and the period of the nation's first Commune (1792–95)—this, from the perspective of the provinces. The article thinks through this double \"displacement\" of 1871 in Nanon—in particular, the distance that the novel cultivates from the capital of revolution. It situates Sand's pastoral narrative in relation to contemporaneous discourses on the Commune that recognised in the peasant class an impediment to its radical Republican politics. However unfashionable the pragmatic version of Sand's Republicanism might be, this article sets out to take seriously the writer's political thought as it was transposed in fiction. In redescribing, from the periphery, the peasants' alienation from the political centre, Sand interrogates the blind spots in the Commune's theorisation of \"people\" and \"nation.\"","PeriodicalId":42524,"journal":{"name":"NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES","volume":"49 1","pages":"460 - 476"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/NCF.2021.0020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42507006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Départs: Entretien avec Jacques Rancière 出发：采访Jacques Rancière
IF 0.2 3区 文学
NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-02-09 DOI: 10.1353/NCF.2021.0002
Robert St. Clair, Seth Whidden, J. Rancière
{"title":"Départs: Entretien avec Jacques Rancière","authors":"Robert St. Clair, Seth Whidden, J. Rancière","doi":"10.1353/NCF.2021.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/NCF.2021.0002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42524,"journal":{"name":"NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES","volume":"49 1","pages":"162 - 172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/NCF.2021.0002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47187470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Between Memory and Mobilization: The Graffiti and Street Art of the Paris Commune 在记忆与动员之间:巴黎公社的涂鸦与街头艺术
IF 0.2 3区 文学
NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-02-09 DOI: 10.1353/NCF.2021.0008
Macs Smith
{"title":"Between Memory and Mobilization: The Graffiti and Street Art of the Paris Commune","authors":"Macs Smith","doi":"10.1353/NCF.2021.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/NCF.2021.0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Discussing his 1971 urban art installation, Les Gisants de la Commune de Paris, Ernest Pignon-Ernest stated he felt it necessary for art dedicated to the Paris Commune to be created in the street. Only there could it do justice to a movement built on popular seizure of urban space. In recent years, as 'street art' has emerged as a significant artistic movement, the affinity Pignon-Ernest asserted between art in the street and the Commune has continued to make itself felt. This article discusses three Paris-based street artists who have referenced the Commune: A2, Morèje, and Rue Meurt d'Art. Their work resists the Commune's erasure from collective memory. However, their strategies sometimes risk relegating it to the past, stripping it of its political radicalism. This, combined with street art's growing commercialization and institutionalization, poses questions about urban art's capacity to engage the Commune on an ideological—not just iconographic—level.","PeriodicalId":42524,"journal":{"name":"NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES","volume":"49 1","pages":"238 - 257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/NCF.2021.0008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47555888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Lion of Belfort, Max Ernst's Une semaine de bonté, and the Uses of the Past 贝尔福的狮子，马克斯·恩斯特的《美好的一周》和《过去的使用》
IF 0.2 3区 文学
NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-02-09 DOI: 10.1353/NCF.2021.0010
Katie Hornstein
{"title":"The Lion of Belfort, Max Ernst's Une semaine de bonté, and the Uses of the Past","authors":"Katie Hornstein","doi":"10.1353/NCF.2021.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/NCF.2021.0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi's Lion of Belfort, a 11 × 22-meter sculpture made out of red sandstone, was erected at the foot of the citadel of the frontier town of Belfort in 1879. Associated versions were also exhibited at the Salon and subsequently installed at Place Denfert-Rochereau in Paris. As a nationalist monument to noble resistance (and defeat) as well as an implicit repudiation of the revolutionary spirit of the Commune, Bartholdi's sculpture took the form of the obdurately generalized symbol of the lion, which made it susceptible to unanticipated collective readings against the grain. I trace the resonances of the Lion of Belfort into the twentieth century, when the monument made a belated appearance as the protagonist in the first volume of Max Ernst's collage-novel, Une semaine de bonté (1933–34). Ernst's collage-novel proposes a retrospective reading of the collective revolutionary echoes of a counter-revolutionary monument across time. My paper asks what it means for a Third Republic monument to contend with the various political, class, and temporal boundaries of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. I argue that the reappearance of these leonine forms across time and in very different contexts offers a model for examining the unfinished business of nineteenth-century revolutionary history.","PeriodicalId":42524,"journal":{"name":"NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES","volume":"49 1","pages":"282 - 304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/NCF.2021.0010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48991316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
1871 raisons d'y croire: logiques et imaginaire des Gilets jaunes 1871年相信的理由:《黄色马甲的逻辑和想象》
IF 0.2 3区 文学
NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-02-09 DOI: 10.1353/NCF.2021.0015
Denis Saint- Amand
{"title":"1871 raisons d'y croire: logiques et imaginaire des Gilets jaunes","authors":"Denis Saint- Amand","doi":"10.1353/NCF.2021.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/NCF.2021.0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The Gilets jaunes movement that emerged in the fall of 2018 gave new life to the memory of the Commune: claiming its heritage on discursive and imaginary fronts while nevertheless failing to adopt all of its modes of operation. Revisiting specific aspects of this \"Commune of roundabouts,\" this article considers the discourses and imaginaries of the Gilets jaunes with regard to their \"wild\" writings (banners, signs, tags and customized vests). Such examples allow us to measure the movement's specificities, the collective ethos that it develops, its relationship to history and to the revolutionary tradition, its use of laughter in response to those in power, and, ultimately, its endurance. (In French)","PeriodicalId":42524,"journal":{"name":"NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES","volume":"49 1","pages":"374 - 395"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/NCF.2021.0015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66359465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
«Une barricade, non un gouvernement» Contrasting Views of Association in the Paris Commune “一个街垒，非政府”巴黎公社的结社观对比
IF 0.2 3区 文学
NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES Pub Date : 2021-02-09 DOI: 10.1353/NCF.2021.0003
W. Roberts
{"title":"«Une barricade, non un gouvernement» Contrasting Views of Association in the Paris Commune","authors":"W. Roberts","doi":"10.1353/NCF.2021.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/NCF.2021.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay recovers a lost debate about the political aspirations of the Commune. Recent scholarship has rightly emphasized that the common theme of Communard initiatives was association. However, Communards were torn between competing interpretations of association. According to the predominant sense, indebted to Proudhon, associations were expressions of worker autonomy. They were voluntary but morally obligatory contracts for mutual benefit. Opposed to this conception was another, according to which associations were necessary defensive formations, meant to resist economic and political domination. The most articulate advocate of this defensive conception was Prosper-Olivier Lissagaray (1838–1901), and this essay focuses on reconstructing his theory of association during and after the Commune. According to Lissagaray, association is not voluntary, but a practical necessity, a barricade against the overwhelming power of capital and the state. The tension between these divergent understandings of association is essential to the history and legacy of the Commune.","PeriodicalId":42524,"journal":{"name":"NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES","volume":"49 1","pages":"173 - 193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/NCF.2021.0003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44299614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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