Carlos Faciano, S. Mera, F. Schapachnik, Ana Haydée Di Iorio, Bibiana Luz Clara, Verónica Uriarte, María Fernanda Giaccaglia, María Belén Ruffa, Cristian Marcos
{"title":"Performance improvement on legal model checking","authors":"Carlos Faciano, S. Mera, F. Schapachnik, Ana Haydée Di Iorio, Bibiana Luz Clara, Verónica Uriarte, María Fernanda Giaccaglia, María Belén Ruffa, Cristian Marcos","doi":"10.1145/3086512.3086518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3086512.3086518","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes several performance improvements that allowed FormaLex, a tool developed to model check legal documents to find coherence problems, to process a real case study of the Argentinian Customer Protection Act. The described truth-preserving techniques reduce the model checking state space by improving the representation of actions and filtering language constructs that are used to encode the law.","PeriodicalId":425187,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th edition of the International Conference on Articial Intelligence and Law","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127770516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A sequence approach to case outcome detection","authors":"Tom Vacek, Frank Schilder","doi":"10.1145/3086512.3086534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3086512.3086534","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a system to detect the outcome of U.S. Federal District Court cases based on PACER electronic dockets. We study the text processing components of the system and develop two model architectures in order to detect the outcome of a case per party (e.g., dismissed by Court or Verdict for Plaintiff). We conclude that modeling cases as a linear-chain graphical model (i.e., Conditional Random Field (CRF)) offers significantly better performance than modeling the case entry-by-entry (i.e., Logistic Regression (LR)). We in particular show that a first-order modeling of the CRF significantly outperforms the factorized model for the CRF architecture.","PeriodicalId":425187,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th edition of the International Conference on Articial Intelligence and Law","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126415439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shiva Verma, Adithya Parthasarathy, Daniel L. Chen
{"title":"The genealogy of ideology: predicting agreement and persuasive memes in the U.S. courts of appeals","authors":"Shiva Verma, Adithya Parthasarathy, Daniel L. Chen","doi":"10.1145/3086512.3086544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3086512.3086544","url":null,"abstract":"We employ machine learning techniques to identify common characteristics and features from cases in the US courts of appeals that contribute in determining dissent. Show that our models were able to predict vote alignment with an average F1 score of 73%. Exploration into which factors help in arriving at this accuracy show that the length of the opinion, the number of citations in the opinion, and voting valence, are all key factors. These results indicate that certain high level characteristics of a case can be used to predict dissent. We also explore the influence of dissent using seating patterns of judges, and our results show that raw counts of how often two judges sit together plays a role in dissent. In addition to the dissents, we analyze the notion of memetic phrases occurring in opinions - phrases that see a small spark of popularity but eventually die out in usage - and try to correlate them to dissent.","PeriodicalId":425187,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th edition of the International Conference on Articial Intelligence and Law","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121634984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"LexrideLaw: an argument based legal search engine","authors":"Matthew Gifford","doi":"10.1145/3086512.3086548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3086512.3086548","url":null,"abstract":"Legal research search engines are overwhelmingly defined by adherence to the appellate case-law organizational model, whereby cases are discovered by relational keyword searches and case files are returned as results. We are proposing a new legal research search engine model where arguments are extracted from appellate cases and are accessible either through selecting nodes in a litigation issue ontology or through relational keyword searches.","PeriodicalId":425187,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th edition of the International Conference on Articial Intelligence and Law","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121637447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew Dunn, Levent Sagun, Hale Sirin, Daniel Chen
{"title":"Early predictability of asylum court decisions","authors":"Matthew Dunn, Levent Sagun, Hale Sirin, Daniel Chen","doi":"10.1145/3086512.3086537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3086512.3086537","url":null,"abstract":"In the United States, foreign nationals who fear persecution in their home country can apply for asylum under the Refugee Act of 1980. Over the past decade, legal scholarship has uncovered significant disparities in asylum adjudication by judge, by region of the United States in which the application is filed, and by the applicant's nationality. These disparities raise concerns about whether applicants are receiving equal treatment under the law. Using machine learning to predict judges' decisions, we document another concern that may violate our notions of justice: we are able to predict the final outcome of a case with 80% accuracy at the time the case opens using only information on the identity of the judge handling the case and the applicant's nationality. Moreover, there is significant variation in the degree of predictability of judges at the time the case is assigned to a judge. We show that highly predictable judges tend to hold fewer hearing sessions before making their decision, which raises the possibility that early predictability is due to judges deciding based on snap or predetermined judgments rather than taking into account the specifics of each case. Early prediction of a case with 80% accuracy could assist asylum seekers in their applications.","PeriodicalId":425187,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th edition of the International Conference on Articial Intelligence and Law","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129510821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Predicting litigation likelihood and time to litigation for patents","authors":"Papis Wongchaisuwat, D. Klabjan, John O. McGinnis","doi":"10.1145/3086512.3086545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3086512.3086545","url":null,"abstract":"An ability to forecast the likelihood of a patent litigation1 and time-to-litigation benefits companies in many aspects, such as in patent portfolio management, and strategic planning. Thus, we develop predictive models for estimating the likelihood of litigation for patents and the expected time to litigation. Our work focuses on improving the state-of-the-art by relying on a different set of features and employing more sophisticated algorithms with realistic data. Specifically, we consider potential factors influencing a patent to be litigated in the model. These features, collected at the issue date of the patent and thus prior to the actual litigation, include textual features, patent's general information as well as financial information of patent's assignee. Our proposed models are a combination of a clustering approach coupled with an ensemble classification method. With a very low litigation rate of 1 to 2 percent, the results from the models show promising predictability. Financial information and features related to referencing are important indicators to distinguish between litigated and non-litigated patents","PeriodicalId":425187,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th edition of the International Conference on Articial Intelligence and Law","volume":"8 S1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113959624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}