Modern Environmental Science and Engineering最新文献

{"title":"The Leading-edge and Unique Technology,Mitsubishi Low Pressure EGR","authors":"Takashi Ueda, K. Ito, Naohiro Hiraoka","doi":"10.15341/mese(2333-2581)/04.03.2017/001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15341/mese(2333-2581)/04.03.2017/001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":424774,"journal":{"name":"Modern Environmental Science and Engineering","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127504999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Observation of Targets Achieved during District Heating Development in Riga City","authors":"N. Talcis, A. Līckrastiņa, E. Dzelzītis","doi":"10.15341/MESE(2333-2581)/04.03.2017/004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15341/MESE(2333-2581)/04.03.2017/004","url":null,"abstract":"The rehabilitation project of the district heating system of Rīga city envisaged elimination of district heat substations, reconstruction of individual heat substations and district heating networks. Inefficient medium and small scale heat sources were closed and the relevant consumers were connected to the networks of large scale heat sources. The major heat sources of JSC “Rīgas Siltums” were reconstructed during the project in order to provide more efficient and environmentally friendly heat production. In the course of implementing the rehabilitation project the arrangement of the heat metering, improvement of the service quality and provision of the heat consumption control to heat consumers were provided.","PeriodicalId":424774,"journal":{"name":"Modern Environmental Science and Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114826748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Urbanization on Land Use/Land Cover — Case Study: The Western Part of Khartoum State, Sudan","authors":"T. Yousif, N. Abdalla, Elmugheira M. Ibrahim, A. M. Adam","doi":"10.15341/mese(2333-2581)/04.03.2017/007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15341/mese(2333-2581)/04.03.2017/007","url":null,"abstract":"LANDSAT images of the Western parts of Khartoum State were taken from 1987 to 2014 to assess the impacts of urbanization on Land use/cover using ENVI Imaging 4.5. Unsupervised IsoData method was adopted for land cover classification. Change detection statistics of the years from 1987 to 2000 show that the sand and urban areas gained 5.62 Km (38%) and 4.35 Km (9%) respectively. Whereas the bare land and water loss 1.02 Km (9%) and 9.03 (17%) respectively. From 2000 to 2014 there was a loss of sand by 11.23 Km (56%) whereas the bare land, the vegetation and urban areas gained 7.03 Km (16%), 1.62 Km (11%) and 2.87 Km (6%) respectively. The results also show a decrease of sand, bare land and water by 5.72 Km (40%), 1.97 Km (4%) and 1.15 Km (13%) respectively, while the residential areas and the vegetation gained 6.8 Km (16%) and 2.04 Km (14%) respectively from 1987 to 2014. The study concludes that urban expansion could expose the area to wind and water erosion and without sustainable management of natural resources, the whole ecosystem will be in danger.","PeriodicalId":424774,"journal":{"name":"Modern Environmental Science and Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126944231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Battery Modeling and Lifetime Prediction","authors":"J. P. Salameh, Nagham El Ghossein, M. E. Hassan, N. Karami, M. Najjar","doi":"10.15341/MESE(2333-2581)/04.03.2017/008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15341/MESE(2333-2581)/04.03.2017/008","url":null,"abstract":"Battery Management Systems (BMS) are gaining greater interest by researchers due to the excessive increase of battery dependent electrical/electronic systems. Batteries are becoming more abundantly used worldwide, mainly in wireless mobile electrical devices, as well as Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) and Electric Vehicles (EVs). Moreover, batteries emerged as the only device capable of storing transformed energy, henceforth they formed the power banks of all renewable energy systems extending from solar panels, wind turbines, etc. This paper targets modeling various types of batteries, which implemented into the BMS can give an insight on their performance. Parameters of three common models for various types of batteries were identified. Moreover, a common method that gives an insight on the lifespan of any battery under examination was found. This technique was based on several measurements taken at the laboratory and relies on using the Bayesian classifier for finding the state of health of a tested battery. Fast methods are introduced starting from modeling batteries to knowing their lifespan.","PeriodicalId":424774,"journal":{"name":"Modern Environmental Science and Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125496215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Sensitivity Study on Low Salinity Waterflooding","authors":"B. S. Mahmood, Jagar A. Ali, Shirzad B. Nazhat, David Devlin","doi":"10.15341/MESE(2333-2581)/04.03.2017/003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15341/MESE(2333-2581)/04.03.2017/003","url":null,"abstract":"It is widely accepted that different salinity brines injection may increase the oil recovery. However, the mechanisms by which low salinity flooding increases oil recovery are not yet fully understood. This work is to run simulation on ECLIPSE 100 simulator to show the effect of injecting low salinity into a reservoir. A three dimensional synthetic model was created to mimic a real reservoir. The effect of low salinity on oil recovery was observed by conducting sensitivity study on; injecting brine salinity, slug injection of low salinity, and endpoint saturations. A difference of 22% in oil recovery observed when the low salinity water is injected compared to the high salinity water only in the threshold range between 0 kg/m to 5 kg/m. Performing slug injection can reduce the requirement for low salinity water and recovers approximately the same percentage of oil. This can indeed give better cost saving when opting for low salinity injection. The brine option in ECLIPSE 100 indicated to be very sensitive to the saturation endpoint and relative permeability. Thus, it is important to be aware of this during simulation of such augmented waterflooding, and input from experimental data is needed for accurate simulations.","PeriodicalId":424774,"journal":{"name":"Modern Environmental Science and Engineering","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115688032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Holwerd on Sea: Coastal Design from a Different and Integrated Perspective","authors":"Ted van der Klaauw, Nieck Alderliesten, Ronald Berk, Ru A J Hendriks","doi":"10.15341/mese(2333-2581)/04.03.2017/005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15341/mese(2333-2581)/04.03.2017/005","url":null,"abstract":"The local community network of Holwerd has launched an ambitious idea to create an opening in the sea dyke to bring the sea back to Holwerd. This measure is necessary to make Holwerd more attractive for tourists and reverse the economic decline of the northeast Friesland region. This paper shows the opportunities for redesigning Holwerd-on-Sea in a more sustainable way. The plan integrates spatial, natural and economic cycles in a climate-proof design proposal. The approach is based on building with nature and economic value creation. The plan increases the livability of Holwerd, turning the downward spiral into an upward spiral. Holwerd adapts to trends as climate change and salt water intrusion, by changing the current freshwater cultivations into salt water cultivations. To reverse the downward ecologic cycle within the region new nature is created and the salt marshes will be excavated. To create more economic values in the region, this new nature is open for tourists and introducing a fairway for recreational ships to the Wadden Sea. The tidal basin that is created by breaching the sea dike will flush the fairway clean and store energy using a reversed hydro storage plant.","PeriodicalId":424774,"journal":{"name":"Modern Environmental Science and Engineering","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123098351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth Opportunities for Artisanal Fisheries in Mexico","authors":"Luis Gallardo, María Cervantes, G. Rodríguez","doi":"10.15341/mese(2333-2581)/05.03.2017/010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15341/mese(2333-2581)/05.03.2017/010","url":null,"abstract":"Currently the fishing cooperatives in Mexico are of great importance for the integration of economic, social and environmental objectives that are part of their daily work. Collective action to build and strengthen fishing communities have had an impact on the quality of life of its inhabitants becoming the cooperative in a social and economic institution of deep cultural roots in coastal areas. Sinaloa is one of the states of northwestern Mexico that contributes most to the economy of the region for its concentration of biggest fleet, fishery processing, producing shrimp farms, coastal fishing cooperatives and just over 15% of the population national fisheries, this is more than 45 thousand direct jobs and a considerable number of indirect jobs. Public policy for the cooperative greatest impact has been the opening of shrimping private investment, creating strong competition between private investors and fishing cooperatives; and other factors such as deterioration of coastal ecosystems, the management capacity of government support and economic management mechanisms of cooperatives under the scheme of family organization. In this context coastal fishing cooperatives are challenged to manage their investment projects with strategic advantages in exploiting growth opportunities to compete in the global marketplace by optimizing the value of their flat on the risk ratios, organization products, and entrepreneurship as a line of investigation. It is therefore carrying out this research in order to analyze what are the opportunities that have the fishing cooperatives of Sinaloa can be exploited under the scheme of family organization to grow and remain in the market. He approach methodological is made using the paradigm quantitative, using as instrument of collection a survey and collecting it information in a sample of 86 partners of cooperative; sample obtained through the use of formula statistics for populations finite. Main findings are that the perception about the Government supports is almost non-existent since cooperative members feel adrift in the development of their activities, competitiveness is on the decrease, infrastructure deteriorates, what they move away from competitiveness, since the infrastructure deteriorates and there is no improvement in processes due to the lack of trade regulation operational and strategic to motivate regional economic development. We need cooperators to optimize their scarce resources and create value, looking for growth opportunities through the use of their resources and capabilities to remain and not only survive.","PeriodicalId":424774,"journal":{"name":"Modern Environmental Science and Engineering","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127676719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Premium Agricultural Measures for Hydraulic and Hydrogeological Risk Mitigation","authors":"A. Palummo","doi":"10.15341/MESE(2333-2581)/07.03.2017/007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15341/MESE(2333-2581)/07.03.2017/007","url":null,"abstract":"This is the case with the sub-basins of the Caprio and the Teglia of the Alta Val di Magra, embankment walls — now often abandoned and camouflaged by vegetation — having a strong practical significance as well as symbolic and in terms of identity. Sometimes these embankment walls do not have a predominantly agricultural function, for example because they are used as property boundaries or to channel sludge, but in any case they retain a landscape value. For these reasons they deserve to be preserved and therefore also detected by GIS mapping, during extensive surveys in fluvial tracts. With the analysis of land use changes it has been possible to identify the situations where landscape restoration was required (often former olive groves, vineyards and terraced orchards which have undergone km of forestation): the abandonment trend has not declined sufficiently and if the neglect of walls does not stop, there will be a proportional increase in the exposure to the risk of hydrogeological instability in the areas involved.","PeriodicalId":424774,"journal":{"name":"Modern Environmental Science and Engineering","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121464791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-scale Analysis of Digital Surface Models Based on UAV Datasets","authors":"J. Doumit, A. Pogorelov","doi":"10.15341/mese(2333-2581)/07.03.2017/004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15341/mese(2333-2581)/07.03.2017/004","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing uses of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and the producing of high resolution Digital Surface Models (DSMs) is leading to a multi-scale result in terrain analysis, prompting new solutions to cope with multi-scale analysis. In this paper we tested three indices — the local variance, texture and fractal dimensions of a same study area with six different spatial resolutions DSM processed from different UAV flights height datasets at 20, 40, 60,120,240 and 360 meters. The higher spatial resolution DSM extracted from 20 meters flight height was set as a base for a series of correlation analysis of the between the three indices to study the generalization at different scales. This approach could help in understanding the spatial resolution changing with scale and it could be used for developing hierarchical DSM scale classifications.","PeriodicalId":424774,"journal":{"name":"Modern Environmental Science and Engineering","volume":"03 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129435571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Analysis of Hybrid Generator Systems","authors":"Uğur Ölmez, H. Dogan, C. Ceylan","doi":"10.15341/mese(2333-2581)/07.03.2017/001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15341/mese(2333-2581)/07.03.2017/001","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid generator system, in which renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy are used in addition to fossil fuel genset, is an efficient, environment-friendly and economical system. In this system, double speed diesel genset is used as main source. Power is produced from different type of energy sources and it is transferred to the load by using 48VDC battery bank to provide stable operation. Hybrid system was simulated with hybrid optimization software and compared to traditional island mode AC genset for technical and economical situations under 1.5 kW average load conditions. According to simulation results, the system benefits are discussed. The results show that the use of Hybrid Generator system in place of traditional island mode generator in areas where the mains is not available is more advantageous in many respects.","PeriodicalId":424774,"journal":{"name":"Modern Environmental Science and Engineering","volume":"03 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128813713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}