Etikk I Praksis最新文献

{"title":"The Justice of Others","authors":"P. Mindus","doi":"10.5324/EIP.V14I2.3830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5324/EIP.V14I2.3830","url":null,"abstract":"The special issue covers both fronts by presenting a conceptual analysis of arbitrary law-making that sets out to typify its various meanings, along an empirical account of its actual functioning in legal and political practice. As arbitrariness becomes a pressing concern for lawyers, politicians and scholars attempting to grasp the discretionary powers of judicial and administrative authorities vis-a-vis legal subjects, its social impact as well as its political consequences must be taken into consideration in order to fully comprehend how central arbitrariness has become for a philosophical and a sociological account of law-making. Migration policy is precisely where arbitrariness vividly shows its face, and where its various forms unleash their most revealing implications. It is in this field that we must dig further if we want to know how this hitherto peripheral and surrogated dimension of legal decision-making stretches the leeway of legal officials to the very margin of legality, disclosing the social tension and the power struggle between their agency and the structures that condition and enable it.","PeriodicalId":42362,"journal":{"name":"Etikk I Praksis","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49528474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergency, Values and Evidence","authors":"A. Alvarez, E. D. Stabell, M. Thorseth","doi":"10.5324/eip.v14i1.3583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5324/eip.v14i1.3583","url":null,"abstract":"This open issue of the Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics consists of four papers that discuss the topics covering vaccination, sustainability, development ethics research and family ethics. It also includes a book review.","PeriodicalId":42362,"journal":{"name":"Etikk I Praksis","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41383875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Grounds Special Treatment Between Siblings?","authors":"M. Hunt","doi":"10.5324/eip.v14i1.3362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5324/eip.v14i1.3362","url":null,"abstract":"Siblings ought to treat one another specially – in other words, siblings qua siblings ought to treat one another in ways that they need not treat others. This paper offers a theory of why this is the case. The paper begins with some intuitive judgments about how siblings ought to treat one another and some other normative features of siblinghood. I then review three potential theories of why siblings ought to treat one another specially, adapted from the literature on filial piety: the gratitude theory, the friendship theory, and the special goods theory. In each case, these theories fail to explain some of the intuitive judgments about how siblings ought to treat one another. The paper then proposes a familial belonging theory. The institution of the family has certain goals, which impose normative demands on family members. I suggest that one such family goal is that every member feel familial belonging towards every other member, a goal which grounds the ways in which siblings ought to treat one another specially.","PeriodicalId":42362,"journal":{"name":"Etikk I Praksis","volume":"1 1","pages":"67-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47344272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land use quandaries","authors":"E. D. Stabell","doi":"10.5324/eip.v14i1.3543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5324/eip.v14i1.3543","url":null,"abstract":"Book review of Finance or Food? The Role of Cultures, Values, and Ethics in Land Use Negotiations, edited by Hilde Bjørkhaug, Philip McMichael and Bruce Muirhead, 3-18. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. https://doi.org/10.3138/9781487 517236-002","PeriodicalId":42362,"journal":{"name":"Etikk I Praksis","volume":"1 1","pages":"85-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47040990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Staying within planetary boundaries as a premise for sustainability: On the responsibility to address counteracting sustainable development goals","authors":"H. R. Nilsen","doi":"10.5324/eip.v14i1.2863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5324/eip.v14i1.2863","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainable development, as explained through the three pillars of environment, society and economy, is a well-known concept and has been used extensively in recent decades. There is finally a growing acknowledgement that environmental sustainability is the prerequisite for achieving the other two pillars of societal and economic sustainability. Nevertheless, there is a tendency to not explicate the negative interactions between the pillars of sustainability, as in the interlinkages between the UN’s sustainable development goals. In this paper, we draw attention to a method for explicating both reinforcing and counteracting goals. This is a conceptual paper but with short, illustrative examples from different levels of the R&D sphere on how this method can be used: one example is at the project level, two are from financiers of R&D projects, and the other is at the UN level. Finally, a longer discussion on relevant ethical guidelines is presented. This paper addresses the responsibility to recognize when and how sustainability goals counteract each other through two key actions. The first action is to identify transgressions of global ecological system boundaries and the resulting serious consequences for trading on environmental sustainability. The second involves bringing to the fore relevant ethical guidelines from the Norwegian National Research Ethics Committee. An update of these guidelines is suggested to reflect recent research on the transgression of planetary boundaries and the consequences for a safe operating space for humans on Earth. \u0000Keywords: Environmental sustainability, ethical guidelines for research, UN sustainable development goals, counteracting goals","PeriodicalId":42362,"journal":{"name":"Etikk I Praksis","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76244320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Insights in Sen’ Capability Approach to Overcome Empirical Development Ethics Research Designing and Execution Challenges","authors":"A. Mazigo, J. Hattingh","doi":"10.5324/eip.v14i1.3311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5324/eip.v14i1.3311","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we support the adoption of an empirical approach in development ethics research and show that the theoretical insights and methodological guidelines in Sen’s capability approach (CA) can offer helpful guidance to development ethicists on designing and execution of such research. To this end, we show how specific insights in the CA guide one to identify and engage with relevant stakeholders in extensive dialogues about the ethical issues underlying their development practices and in gathering empirical data for further ethical reflections. Drawing on an empirical development ethics research project we conducted in the fisheries sector of Ukerewe District in Tanzania, we illustrate how the CA supported us in identifying 310 representatives of various categories of small-scale fishers and stakeholders, and in designing and executing empirical development ethics research in the form of progressive stages of dialogues in stakeholder groups. The participants in these stakeholder groups reflected on and assessed their individual and collective values, capacities, roles and interests in the fisheries sector. In turn, we gathered empirical data on (i) the nature and causes of the poverty of small-scale fishers and ways to overcome it, (ii) the moral roots of the prevalence of institutional and professional apathy, and (iii) stakeholders’ motivations and concrete actions to support the redressing of the challenges facing small-scale fishers. Later, we used these empirical data to theorise about moving small-scale fishers from poverty to prosperity, and about the development ethic best suited to guide future initiatives in combatting poverty and generating wealth through the fisheries sector in Ukerewe District.  \u0000Keywords: Empirical Ethics, Development Ethics, Capability Approach, Small-scale Fisheries, Poverty, Ukerewe District, Tanzania","PeriodicalId":42362,"journal":{"name":"Etikk I Praksis","volume":"1 1","pages":"45-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42337777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mandatory childhood vaccination: Should Norway follow?","authors":"Espen Gamlund, Karl Erik Müller, Kathrine Knarvik Paquet, C. Solberg","doi":"10.5324/eip.v14i1.3316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5324/eip.v14i1.3316","url":null,"abstract":"a Department of Philosophy, University of Bergen, espen.gamlund@uib.no b Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, and Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Internal Medicine, Drammen hospital, post@kem.priv.no c University of Bergen, knarvikkathrine@gmail.com d Bergen Centre for Ethics and Priority Setting (BCEPS), Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care (IGS), University of Bergen, carl.solberg@uib.no","PeriodicalId":42362,"journal":{"name":"Etikk I Praksis","volume":"1 1","pages":"7-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44711343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why, and how will it look? Evaluating answers of energy experts concerning the German Energiewende and its implication for communication efforts","authors":"Sebastian Kreuz, Eugenia Ploß","doi":"10.5324/eip.v13i2.2599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5324/eip.v13i2.2599","url":null,"abstract":"The implementation of the German energy transition (Energiewende) is unclearly framed. The future of the transition depends on more than just technological development or economic feasibility. Rather, a positive attitude and an understanding by the general public are critical to its success. Therefore, communicating the complex, polarized and long-term process in an objective way is essential. We show that despite the alleged clarity of goals, German stakeholders have very diverse reasons for their support of the energy transition. One key reason mentioned is climate protection. Another important goal is the desired independence from energy imports. This diversity is at the heart of the communication challenges. We see a wide variety of goals triggering trade-offs and challenges in understanding the process. Therefore, we suggest an infographic as an approach to communicating the energy transition to the general public with a focus on goals and related future challenges of the transition. We conclude that communication tools should promote an inclusive discussion and debate regarding the goals and challenges of a process, such as the energy transition, to help answer the question: How do we want to live in the future?  \u0000Keywords: climate change, energy transition, communication, framing, media","PeriodicalId":42362,"journal":{"name":"Etikk I Praksis","volume":"1 1","pages":"59-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49186199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining “Social Sustainability”: Towards a Sustainable Solution to the Conceptual Confusion","authors":"Karl de Fine Licht, Anna Folland","doi":"10.5324/eip.v13i2.2913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5324/eip.v13i2.2913","url":null,"abstract":"The interest in \"social sustainability\" has recently increased in the field of urban development. We want societies, cities, and neighborhoods to be economically and environmentally sustainable, bu ...","PeriodicalId":42362,"journal":{"name":"Etikk I Praksis","volume":"13 1","pages":"21-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47088396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Faktorer, der har betydning for sygeplejerskers holdning til ”God Klinisk Praksis”","authors":"P. Telléus, D. Holdgaard, Birthe Thørring","doi":"10.5324/eip.v13i2.3001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5324/eip.v13i2.3001","url":null,"abstract":"Vi gennemførte i 2016 et omfattende empirisk studie (n=2129) på Aalborg Universitetshospital med henblik på at afdække de forskellige sundhedsprofessioners etiske holdninger. Hensigten var at afdække eventuelle forskelle mellem professionerne samt at få begrebsliggjort de etiske tankemønstre, der er tilstede i den kliniske praksis. Vi fandt i den indledende dataanalyse, at vi med signifikans kunne vise, at plejegruppen i højere grad bruger nærhedsetiske og omsorgsetiske vurderinger, til forskel fra lægegruppen, der er mere pligtetisk funderet. Undersøgelsen blev sat op ved brug af vignetmetoden, der giver mulighed for at indsamle kvantitative data, der er velegnede til en statistisk analyse, men som samtidig også muliggør en kvalitativ undersøgelse ved en efterfølgende hermeneutisk analyse af udvalgte besvarelser. I denne artikel studerer vi undersøgelsens resultater inden for sygeplejegruppen alene med det formål at uddrage, hvad deres vurderinger kommer an på, og at diskutere, hvordan disse faktorer indbyrdes forholder sig til hinanden og skaber sammenhæng. Med udgangspunkt i dette finder vi frem til, hvordan sygeplejerskernes etiske holdninger som helhed formes af de særlige værdier, som den nærhedsetiske profil understøtter, men som videre også giver et mere fleksibelt og nuanceret billede af sygeplejeetikken. \u0000Nøgleord: sygeplejeetik, vignetmetoden, hermeneutik, patientperspektiv, klinisk praksis \u0000  \u0000English title: Factors that influence nurses' attitude to \"good clinical practice\" - a qualitative analysis of data from an empirical study at Aalborg University Hospital \u0000In 2016, we conducted a comprehensive empirical study (n = 2129) at Aalborg University Hospital in order to uncover the ethical attitudes of various health professions. The intention was to uncover any differences between professions as well as to conceptualize the ethical thought patterns present in clinical practice. We found in the preliminary data analysis that we could show with significance that the group of care givers uses relational ethics and care ethics assessments to a greater extent as opposed to the more duty ethics based group of physicians. The study was set up using the vignette method, which allows for the collection of quantitative data suitable for statistical analysis, but which also allows for a qualitative study by a subsequent hermeneutical analysis of selected answers. In this article we study the results of the study within the nursing group solely for the purpose of extracting what their assessments depend on and discussing how these factors relate to each other and create some form of moral coherence. Based on this we find how nurses' ethical attitudes are shaped by the particular values ​​that the relational ethical profile supports, but also how this profile is modified and flexible to the conditions of clinical settings and situations. In the end our interpretation provides us with a more nuanced picture of nursing ethics than a single theoretica","PeriodicalId":42362,"journal":{"name":"Etikk I Praksis","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77867725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}