INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetic Nigerians","authors":"N. Oranye, P. Anaja, A. Bakari","doi":"10.15640/ijmp.v7n1a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15640/ijmp.v7n1a3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The link between Insulin Resistance (IR) and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has been well recognized for well over half a century. Not only is it the most powerful predictor of future development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, it is also a therapeutic target once hyperglycaemia is present. The current study seeks to evaluate Insulin Resistance in type 2 Diabetic subjects and proffer a reference range for insulin resistance in the ABUTH, Zaria area. Materials and Methods: Serum insulin resistance, insulin, lipids, fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin and anthropometric parameters were measured in 180 type 2 diabetic and 180 control subjects. Insulin resistance was calculated using the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) method. Serum insulin was measured using the ELISA method while spectrophotometric methods were used for blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin and serum lipids. The results were analysed statistically using the two-tailed student’s t-test and the one way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: Mean serum insulin resistance levels were significantly higher in the type 2 diabetic group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Mean FPG, HBA1C and serum insulin levels were also significantly higher in the diabetic group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Mean TC, LDL-C and TC/HDL-C levels were higher but not significantly in the diabetics than in the controls (P > 0.05). Mean TG level was significantly higher in the diabetic group than in the control group (P < 0.05) while mean HDL-C level was nonsignificantly lower in the diabetic group than in the control group (P > 0.05). Mean values for anthropometric parameters (BMI and SBP) were significantly higher in the type 2 diabetic subjects than in the control subjects (P < 0.05) while mean DBP was higher in the diabetic group but not significantly (P > 0.05). A significant positive correlation was observed between insulin resistance and insulin (r = 0.817, P < 0.000), FPG (r = 0.560, P < 0.000) and HBA1c (r = 0.275, P < 0.000) in the entire study, but only with FPG (r =0.482, P <0.000) and insulin (r = 0.803, P < 0.000) in the diabetic group. The results of the current study show an increased insulin resistance level in type 2 diabetic subjects compared to the control group and reference range for insulin resistance was obtained as 0.51 – 2.27. Conclusion In view of the importance of insulin resistance as a powerful predictor of future T2DM, a periodic measurement of insulin resistance is suggested for all.","PeriodicalId":422929,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124814143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Analysis of Correlations between Persistence and Personality in Doctor of Pharmacy Students","authors":"G. Hudson, Elizabeth A Sheaffer, AbbigailR. Roberts, John M. Shadowen","doi":"10.15640/ijmp.v9n1a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15640/ijmp.v9n1a3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422929,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126780749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Vitamin D Supplementation have a Positive and Important Response in the Immune System on Covid-19 Pandemic? A Short Critical Analysis","authors":"Eliza M Ramos, Francisco J M Reis, Igor Souza, S. L. F. D. Freitas, Matheus Dullius de Lima, Antônio Carlos de Abreu, Hugo Vieira Ramos, E. Araújo, V. Nascimento","doi":"10.15640/ijmp.v8n1a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15640/ijmp.v8n1a5","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, new viruses have emerged and caused pandemics in several countries, making it a global health problem through respiratory infection. This study aims to demonstrate through an analysis of evidence, that vitamin D supplementation in cases of hypovitaminosis D in risk groups induces an increase changes in the immune system due to worsening and, thus, the body becomes conducive to development viral diseases like COVID-19. Therefore, methodological techniques were used in meta-analysis and systematic reviews parallel to the FINER strategy in the selection of the included studies to be used in the construction of this critical analysis. In this study, 05 articles were selected for inclusion in this critical analysis. Vitamin D plays an immune protective role in the body, decreasing the risk of complications in COVID-19. The decrease in immune cells and cytokines can be used as a biomarker in the process of worsening COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":422929,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114690760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrosurgery for Wound Debridement: Overview of Systematic Reviews","authors":"Rafael Bolaos-Daz, F. Alfaro","doi":"10.15640/ijmp.v7n2a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15640/ijmp.v7n2a4","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrosurgery system (Versajet®) has been applied for more than 20 years and exerts its action based on the principle of the Venturi effect, in which a thin and cutting tangential fluid (tangential hydrojet) is generated and is propelled at high speed generating excision mainly on non-viable tissue. Objective: To determine the effectiveness and safety regarding the use of hydrosurgery in the debridement of acute or chronic wounds. Findings: Five systematic reviews (SRs) were selected according to the AMSTAR criteria and 2 SRs were excluded. Kakagia et al selected 20 articles, of which 3 were randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Two were RCTs that exclusively included burn injuries and 1 RCT included acute injuries in general. Edmondson et al reviewed the evidence for various burn debridement techniques. He sought to determine if scalpel excision should remain the standard of comparison. He selected 18 studies, of which 3 were RCTs. Bekara et al selected 7 studies for hydrosurgery and only 2 were RCTs. Kwa et al compared surgical and non-surgical burn techniques and included 8 studies with hydrosurgery, of which 2 were RCTs. Elraiyah et al reviewed the evidence regarding techniques for diabetic foot ulcers. He selected 1 RCT with hydrosurgery. Conclusion: Hydrosurgery seems to reduce the number of debridements as well as favor a greater preservation of the underlying dermis and precision of debridement at the level of difficult contours. The evidence is still scarce and of low statistical power with moderate risk of bias in the study designs.","PeriodicalId":422929,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130897489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety among Student Pharmacists","authors":"Renee M. Dehart, Andrew Smith, E. Cretton-scott, Rachel M. Slaton, Katherine R. Smith","doi":"10.15640/ijmp.v8n2a1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15640/ijmp.v8n2a1","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To quantify the presence of depression and anxiety among student pharmacists. Secondary objectives were to identify student subgroups who reported these symptoms most and quantify use of university counseling services. Methods. This was a single center, cross-sectional survey among 474 student pharmacists. An anonymous and voluntary electronic survey containing the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9, for depression) and the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) item was administered to student pharmacists over a three-week period in fall 2018. Data were analyzed descriptively and via t-test and ANOVA as appropriate. Results. Fifty-four percent of students (255/474) completed the study. The majority were white females 22 to 25 years of age. 40% reported moderate to severe depression and 41% reported moderate to severe anxiety. Though not statistically significant, female students reported more anxiety than males; mean GAD7 scores were 8.93 and 7.86, respectively. Also, older students (>30 years of age) reported less anxiety, however, these differences were not statistically significant. Only 14 student pharmacists visited the University Counseling Center during the 2017-2018 academic year. Conclusion. The findings suggest a high prevalence of depression and anxiety among student pharmacists and highlight the need to understand further the mental health challenges students face in a doctoral degree program.","PeriodicalId":422929,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127326293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlations between Gallup Clifton Strengths and Personality in Doctor of Pharmacy Students","authors":"Krista L. McNutt, Elizabeth A Sheaffer, G. Hudson, AbbigailR. Roberts, John M. Shadowen","doi":"10.15640/ijmp.v9n1a2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15640/ijmp.v9n1a2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422929,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128432915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Prognosis and Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Carcinoma Breast: A Prospective Cohort Study","authors":"N. JuniorSundresh, S. Narendran","doi":"10.15640/ijmp.v8n1a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15640/ijmp.v8n1a4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Objective : The objectives of this study were to evaluate and quantify the response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy by physical examination and imaging modalities. Design : This was a prospective cohort study. Duration : 2 years and four months i.e. from March 2012 to September 2014. Setting: This study was conducted at Department of Surgery, KAPV Government Medical College and Hospital, Tiruchirapalli. Participants : 30 patients with stage III breast carcinoma who were admitted at Department of Surgery, KAPV Government Medical College and Hospital. Methods : Confirmation of diagnosis was done by FNAC/Biopsy of breast lump. Accurate measurement of breast lump was done in each patient. The patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CAF regimen). Size, number and fixity of affected lymph nodes was also recorded before and after chemotherapy. The data thus collected was analysed, significance determined and the literature available was reviewed. Results : Out of 30 patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with CAF, 76.6% of them underwent down staging of tumor by one or more stages. No patient showed complete clinical resolution. 16.6% patients had <25% reduction in size of tumor, 30% patients had 25-50% size reduction, 20% patients had up to 75% size reduction and 33.3% patients had up to 99% of size reduction. All patients had palpable axillary lymph nodes, out of which, 40% showed clinical resolution, while 60% showed a change in size but not change in stage. All the patients underwent surgery. Conclusion : benefit from tumor down staging can be achieved by neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and it is the preferred approach for patients with bulky and locally advanced disease at the time of diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":422929,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122464373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Men with Breast Cancer: 15 Cases","authors":"Garipoli Claudia, Dottore Alessia, M. Marco","doi":"10.15640/ijmp.v7n1a2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15640/ijmp.v7n1a2","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to understand the clinical features, treatment, and prognosis of patients with male breast cancer (MBC) in Medical Oncology Unit-University of Messina- from January 2013 to December 2017. Data for 15 patients with MBC were collected for analysis. Immunohistochemistry, pathological results, and other data such as demographic characteristics (age, smoking history, and family history of cancer) as well as clinical data were investigated by retrieving information from the patients’ medical records. A total of 355 patients were diagnosed with breast cancer between January 2013 and December 2017 , and 15 were patients with MBC among them. The median diagnosis age of patients with MBC was 65 years (range 37–75 years). The most common complaint was a painless lump in the breast, and the pathological type in MBC was infiltrating ductal carcinoma (100 %). In terms of hormone receptors, all the patients were positive: 81% (12/15) of patients with MBC were estrogen and progesterone receptor positive, 14 % (3/15) of patients were estrogen receptor positive only, and no patient was HER2 over expressing.","PeriodicalId":422929,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126695159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Young-Old”, “Old-Old”, “Oldest-old” and Breast Cancer: Cancer Surrender Prohibited. Our Challenge for 87 Patients","authors":"C. Garipoli, A. Dottore","doi":"10.15640/ijmp.v8n1a2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15640/ijmp.v8n1a2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: What happens when the biological age is not the same as the chronological age?…..over 70 patients with breast cancer may not be treated properly. Comorbidity, limited mobility, functional dependence, cognitive functions and aspects, socio-economic factors are variables that weight like boulders on the choice to be made. The risk of breast cancer, however, increases with age, but this group of patients continues to be underrepresented in clinical trials. This obliges us to conduct studies that demonstrate how older women can tolerate therapy in the same way as young women and how they should be offered treatments that give the best possible results. Breast cancer management in elderly patients is a challenge. We have accepted it: To evaluate and compare clinical and pathological variables, treatment and survival outcomes in older women of age of 70 or more arrived in Medical Oncology Unit - University Hospital – Messina, from January 2014 to June 2018. Methods: We worked on our database and extrapolated: how many female patients were hospitalized during this period; how \"elderly\" they were considered; how many with histologically ascertained diagnosis of BC; how much \"older\" they were and diagnosed with BC. Results: 87 \"older\" with ascertained diagnosis, histologically, of BC treated at our center from January 2014 to June 2018. In December 2019, 26% they had died from cancer, 31% from other causes, 5% had developed a T contralateral and the remaining 38% were living and follow up continued. Conclusion: The T stage rather than age has proven to be a predictive factor main (23 patients who died from T were younger compared to the others but with advanced disease). In \"early\" breast cancer, the comorbidities (heart disease and diabetes) played an important role.","PeriodicalId":422929,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132264524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors that Change the Quality of Life of Patients with Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review","authors":"Bruna Leite Moreira Alves, Caroline Rossi Hidalgo, Renan Augusto Correa Pamplona, L. D. Sanches, Elaine Rossi Ribeiro","doi":"10.15640/IJMP.V8N2A2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15640/IJMP.V8N2A2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422929,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117259368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}