ARC Journal of Urology最新文献

{"title":"Recurrent Colonic Cancer with Renal Pelvic Urothelial CancerCase Report and Review of Literature","authors":"Dr. S. Mohan, Dr Abhishek Laddha, Dr Appu Thomas, Dr Ginil Kumar Pooleri","doi":"10.20431/2456-060x.0401002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2456-060x.0401002","url":null,"abstract":"53 year old diabetic lady with bleeding per rectum in April 2008.She had past history of hysterectomy for uterine fibroids in 2004 and had family history of colon cancer in mother for which she underwent surgery and died of unrelated cause 20 years after surgery. She was evaluated was found to have colonic growth and underwent right hemicolectomy in April 2008, which was reported as poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. This was followed by 8 cycles of chemotherapy with oxaliplatin, fluorouracil (5FU) and folinic acid (FOLFOX). In April 2016, she developed bleeding per rectum, and was found to have growth in colon. She underwent a subtotal colectomy with colorectal anastamosis, histopathology was reported as moderate to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. This was followed by 7 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy with capecitabine. Immunohistochemical analysis was done in view of younger age of onset and recurrence of tumour. The study showed strong nuclear expression of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2 and MSH6 in the neoplastic cells. The immunoprofile was suggestive of intact DNA mismatch repair proteins/normal mismatch repair (MMR) function, consistent with microsatellite stable (MSS) phenotype. In February 2018, she presented with multiple episodes of painless hematuria with clots and hematochezia. She underwent MRI and colonoscopy for same. A colonoscopy and biopsy showed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma in the rectum. A contrast MRI pelvis showed a soft tissue lesion in the right lateral wall of the upper rectum. It also showed a well defined lesion in the lower pole of the right kidney, extending into the renal pelvis. (Figure 1A & B). She underwent open subtotal colectomy with right radical nephroureterectomy. (Figure 2A&B). Histopathology showed well to moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, single node metastasis, and discontinuous extramural deposits in mesorectal fat [UICC TNM pT3N1 (1/9), LVI] in colon and invasive high grade papillary urothelial carcinoma renal pelvis in nephroureterectomy specimen. [ pTNM: pT3 Nx Mx]. Abstract: The genetic association between colorectal cancer and renal pelvic urothelial cancer is well described as part of Lynch syndrome (Hereditary Non Polyposis Colorectal Cancer), an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by defective DNA mismatch repair which leads to microsattelite instability. We are reporting a case with microsatellite stable phenotype and intact DNA mismatch repair proteins/normal mismatch repair function in a case of recurrent colonic cancer with renal pelvic urothelial cancer.","PeriodicalId":422096,"journal":{"name":"ARC Journal of Urology","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114842530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Case Report of Kidney Transplantation in Identical Twins: A Single Centre Experience","authors":"E. Nugroho, Dila Junita, I. Korwa","doi":"10.20431/2456-060x.0402002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2456-060x.0402002","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The number of kidney transplant among twin patient in worldwide is still low. Data showed that there were 120 living identical thin donor renal transplants in United States and 12 in the United Kingdom for period 16 year. Here we present the first case of kidney transplantation of identical twins in our center, including the operation technique, therapeutic regimens and patient outcome during hospitalization follow-up.","PeriodicalId":422096,"journal":{"name":"ARC Journal of Urology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121392174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To Evaluate the Effects of Tamsulosin, Solifenacin and Combination Therapy for the Treatment of Ureteral Stent Associated Symptoms","authors":"","doi":"10.20431/2456-060x.0403003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2456-060x.0403003","url":null,"abstract":"The use of ureteral stents in surgery was described as early as the 19th century [1]. Zimskind, however, in 1967 was the first to describe the cystoscopic placement of indwelling ureteral stents for obstructed ureters [2] (Zimskind et al, 1967). The first “double-J” (DJ) or double pigtail stent was developed almost simultaneously by Finney and Hepperlen [3] (Finney, 1978; Hepperlen et al, 1978). The use of DJ stents increased dramatically in urology departments worldwide, which had a tremendous positive impact on endourologic surgery and patient care. Today, ureteral stents are of fundamental importance to any urologic practice. The double-J stent, which is the most common form of ureteral stent, is used in obstructive pyelonephritis, intolerable acute renal colic, ureteral edema, ureter perforation following endoscopic procedures, and diseases such as steinstrasse [4,5]. The patients experience various stent-related symptoms, such as pain, frequency, and urgency causing significant decrease in patient quality of life in both genders [6]. The etiology of these symptoms is unknown. Thomas in year 1993 reported that an important factor of stent-related symptoms is the reflux of urine due to pressure transmitted to the renal pelvis during urination, smooth muscle spasm and trigonal mucosal irritation by the intravesicular part of the stent [7]. Abstract","PeriodicalId":422096,"journal":{"name":"ARC Journal of Urology","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124470035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robot Assisted Cystectomy with Intracorporeal Urinary Diversion versus Open Cystectomy – A Cohort Study of Outcomes within 90 Days","authors":"","doi":"10.20431/2456-060x.0401001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2456-060x.0401001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422096,"journal":{"name":"ARC Journal of Urology","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121104941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Intraoperative Hemodynamic Factors with Respect to Graft Functioning in Renal Transplant Recipients and Current Trends in Perioperative Hemodynamic Management","authors":"R. Vijayakumar, S. Dharwadkar, A. Batta, C. Doshi","doi":"10.20431/2456-060x.0401003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2456-060x.0401003","url":null,"abstract":"Renal transplantation as Renal Replacement gives a better quality of life, cost effective and possibly prolonged survival. [4]. A Delayed graft function (DGF) has been related to decreased graft survival, poor long term function and also high chance of acute rejection. The need of the hour is proper preoperative hemodynamic management leading to prevention of complications like graft rejection. These factors prompted us to study the early graft function characteristics with respect to intraopertive hemodynamics considering these being an important preoperative means to improve early graft function, by preserving an adequate intravascular volume [5, 6]","PeriodicalId":422096,"journal":{"name":"ARC Journal of Urology","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127697126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of Grade of Urothelial Carcinoma of Urinary Bladder from the Size and Number of Tumors at First Presentation","authors":"Mahbubul Islam Khandoker, Md Shamim Hossain, A. Azam, Muhammad, S. Islam, A. Perveg, M. A. Salam, A. Al-Miraj","doi":"10.20431/2456-060x.060101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2456-060x.060101","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can save lives of the patients with bladder cancer. The confirmatory test for grade of the disease is histopathological examination after transurethral resection. But if the grade of the tumor can be predicted at the time of presentation from size and number of tumors seen by ultrasonographic imaging, clinician can counsel the patient beforehand and also arrange rapid treatment to save life. Objective: To assess the size and number of tumors as clinical predictors of histological grade of urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder before first-time transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Urology, BSMMU and RGRH from January 2020 to April 2020. Fifty patients were enrolled in this study. Size and number of the tumor was determined by preoperative ultrasonography of urinary bladder. Histopathological examination was used to determine the grade of the tumor after TURBT. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22.0. Results: Mean age of the study subjects was 52.04 ± 18.37 years within the range of 22–95 years. Males (56.0%) were predominant than females (44.0%). Male to female ratio was 1.27:1. Mean number of tumor was 1.28 ± 0.64 (1-3) and mean tumor size was 3.54 ± 1.47 cm (1-7). High grade tumor was 26 (52.0%) and low grade tumor was 24 (48.0%). There was no significant association of tumor grading with number of tumor in this study. High grade tumor was significantly higher among the study subjects with tumor size >3.5 cm. Area under curve (AUC) of tumor number and tumor size was 0.558 and 0.827 respectively in prediction of tumor grading. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of tumor number (at cut of value 3) was 15.4%, 95.8%, 80.0%, 51.1% and 54.0% respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of tumor size (at cut of value 3.5 cm) was 90.5%, 76.3%, 80.9%, 87.9% and 83.7% respectively. Overall Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of tumor size was better than tumor number in prediction of tumor grading. Conclusion: According to this study finding, it can be concluded that the grade of newly diagnosed bladder tumors can be predicted with high accuracy using tumor size.","PeriodicalId":422096,"journal":{"name":"ARC Journal of Urology","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124000877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Escherichia Coli Isolated from Urine Samples of Urinary Tract Infection Patients","authors":"Farouk S. Nas, Muhammad Ali, M. Abdallah, A. U. Zage","doi":"10.20431/2456-060x.0401004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2456-060x.0401004","url":null,"abstract":": Background: Objective: To determine the antibiotic sensitivity pattern against Escherichia Coli in urine of urinary tract infection patients at Peshawar, Pakistan. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern against Escherichia coli at Peshawar. A total of 147 non-repetitive E. coli strains isolated from urine, were studied in this study. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined by Kirby Bauer method, according to guidelines of Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute, USA. Sixteen different common antibiotics were tested against E. coli. Results: Out of total strains, 141 (95.91%) were sensitivity against Imipenem (10 μg) and 6 (4.45%) were sensitive against Nalidixic acid (30 μg). These are the highest and lowest sensitivity, recorded against E. coli. The sensitivity recorded against other antibiotics in percentage were 6.81% for Ampicillin (10 μg), 8.17% for Ticarcillin-Clavulanic acid (75/10 μg), 9.53% for Amoxycillin-Clavulanic acid (20/10 μg), 15.64% for Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (1.24/23.75 μg), 15.64% for Cefotaxime (30 μg), 17.01% for Aztreonam (30 μg), 17.01% for Ciprofloxacin (5 μg), 17.01% for Trimethoprim (5 μg), 18.37% for Cefixime (5 μg), 19.05% for Ceftazidime (30 μg), 22.44% for Doxycycline (30 μg), 35.34% for Cefepime (30 μg), 59.18% for Nafcillin (1 μg) and 78.24% for Amikacin (30 μg). Conclusion: We concluded from this study that only Imipenem and Amikacin were the most sensitive anti-microbial agents. The sensitivity against Nafcillin and Amikacin was not significant, as compare to Imipenem. recent 95.91% for (10 μg).","PeriodicalId":422096,"journal":{"name":"ARC Journal of Urology","volume":"20 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114021407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary Bladder Perforation in an Old Male with Hemorrhagic Cystitis: A Case Report","authors":"N. Iqbal, Muhammad Haroon Khilan, S. Malik, A. Khan, Amna, Pirzada, M. Khalid, Saeed Akhter","doi":"10.20431/2456-060x.0404001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2456-060x.0404001","url":null,"abstract":"As time is passing, cancer treatment is also improving day by day. Resultantl y, there is increase in cancer patient’s survival rates. Hence, cancer survivorship medical and social issues are also coming to the limelight. It’s pertinent to mention here that one of rare but also very severe and debilitating long-term side effect of cancer therapy is finding of hemorrhagic cystitis (HC). Gorczynska et al [1] defined it as the manifestation of sustained hematuria accompanied with lower urinary tract symptoms in the absence of any active tumor and other conditions, such as general bleeding disorders, urinary tract infections (bacterial or fungal) and vaginal bleeding. Other than surgical modality, radiation and chemotherapy are the mostly utilized for treating cancer treatments [2,3]. However both of these are risk factors for the development of HC later on. Radiation therapy delivers high-energy rays to the tumor having less systemic side effects. However, there still is some irradiation mediated damage to surrounding normal tissue and it’s inevitable. Here we present a case of 75 years old patient who presented to us with hemorrhagic cystitis and then due to catheter wash for bladder clots resulted in intraperitoneal bladder rupture. 2. CASE PRESENTATION","PeriodicalId":422096,"journal":{"name":"ARC Journal of Urology","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124269303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Outcome of Induction Only Versus Induction and Maintenance With A Low Dose Intravesical BCG Therapy For High-Grade NMIBC","authors":"Md Shamim Hossain, K. Ghosh, A. Perveg, Md. Enamul Hoque","doi":"10.20431/2456-060x.060103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2456-060x.060103","url":null,"abstract":"Background: According to standard guidelines, high-risk NMIBC (Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer) is treated by TUR (Transurethral resection) followed by intravesical immunotherapy(BCG). Induction followed by maintenance is recommended for achieving maximum delay of tumor recurrence and progression. Objective: This study aimed to find the outcome of induction only vs induction and maintenance, considering recurrence and progression of the disease. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted in BSMMU from June 2018 to December 2020 among the histologically proved high-risk NMIBC (Ta, T1, and/ Tis) patients. Patients were allocated in two groups. In one arm BCG induction only and another arm induction and maintenance were implemented. Patients were followed up upto 2 years period. Disease recurrence and progression along with different local and systemic adverse effects were recorded add analyzed. Results: Total 30 patients were allocated in 2 groups.14 patients in induction only arm and 16 in induction and maintenance arm. Upto 24 months follow upoverall disease recurrence was 23.3% and disease progression was found in 10 % of patients. 28.5% of the induction-only arm and 18.75% patients of induction and maintenance arm developed recurrence. Whereas 7.14% of the induction-only arm and 12.5% of other arm patients developed disease progression. Both were statically insignificant (p 0.198). Conclusion: For high-risk NMIBC inductiononly BCG therapy is not inferior to induction and maintenance therapy in terms of recurrence and progression, rather it has relatively fewer adverse effects.","PeriodicalId":422096,"journal":{"name":"ARC Journal of Urology","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116029457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ureteroscopy in Children-A Single Centre Study from a Developing Country","authors":"N. Iqbal, Nizam Farid Chishti, S. Iqbal, S. Ali, Amgad Farouk, Ijaz, Hussain, Usama Bin Saif, Ahsan Nazar, Saeed Akhter","doi":"10.20431/2456-060x.0403002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2456-060x.0403002","url":null,"abstract":"Urolithiasis in pediatric age group is comparatively rare having an overall incidence of almost less than 3% [1]. Pakistan has high prevalence rate of renal stones reaching up to 10% [2]. Among various factors infection is supposed to be one of the leadingcausative factor for urolithiasis in pediatric age group [3].Proper management of urolithiasis depends on location and size and of the stone, age of the patient and the urinary tract anatomy. During the last few decades, a wide range of modalities such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), ureterorenoscopy (URS), open and laparoscopic surgery has been available for treating adult stone diseases[4,5]. Most of these available techniques evolved in adult population and were adapted for use in children after doing appropriate modifications. Applying one or a combination of these modalities in carefully selected patient can help in successful management stones even in pediatric population.","PeriodicalId":422096,"journal":{"name":"ARC Journal of Urology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130318370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}