African Journal of Neurological Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Some Clinical And Psychosocial Determinants Of Independent Walking Attainment By Post Stroke Patients","authors":"T. Hamzat, Ya Okesola","doi":"10.4314/AJNS.V25I1.7581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJNS.V25I1.7581","url":null,"abstract":"Background \u0000It is not uncommon for post stroke patients or their caregivers to ask the attending physiotherapist when the patient would regain ability to walk. This is often difficult to predict as many clinical and non-clinical factors influence when this function is accomplished.\u0000\u0000Objective \u0000To investigate the influence of some clinical and psychosocial factors on the time post stroke individuals commence independent walking.\u0000\u0000Methods \u0000The one-group, pre-experimental study carried out in a teaching hospital facility involved 27 (14 males and 13 females) fully conscious, unilateral, first-episode stroke patients admitted to the facility and referred for physiotherapy over 5 months. A daily, structured physiotherapy care including Bobath technique was administered on the patients for 12 weeks. Ages, marital status, years of formal education, occupation, personality type (Eysenck classification), level of disability, co-morbid factors and admission-referral interval were obtained. Main outcome measure was time taken to attain ability to walk a continuous, level floor 10m distance unaided.\u0000\u0000Results \u0000The mean time independent walking was attained was 7.4 ± 2.6 weeks. Participants with mild disability level at baseline commenced independent walking significantly earlier (4.00 ± 0.01 weeks) than those with moderate disability (7.72 ± 2.53 weeks). Independent walking attainment time showed no significant difference (p>0.05) across the psychosocial factors. A significant relationship were found between age (r = - 0.57), functional independence measure (r = - 0.55) and commencement of independent walking.\u0000\u0000Conclusion \u0000Age and the initial level of disability had significant influence on commencement of independent walking by the participants.\u0000\u0000 Introduction \u0000Il n'est pas inhabituel pour les patients victimes d'un accident vasculaire cerebral (AVC) et pour leur soignants, de demander aux reeducateurs fonctionnels le delais permettant la reprise de la marche. Ce delai est souvent difficile a prevoir compte tenu des facteurs multiples, a la fois cliniques et non cliniques intervenant dans cette fonction motrice.\u0000\u0000Objectif \u0000L'objectif est de definir quelques facteurs cliniques et psychologiques influencant la duree de recuperation post-AVC permettant l'autonomie de la marche.\u0000\u0000Methodes \u0000Un groupe preliminaire a ete etudie dans un centre hospitalier universitaire et concernaient 27 patients (17 mâles et 13 de sexe feminin) conscients, presentant un deficit unilateral apres un premier episode d'accident vasculaire. Il ont ete suivis dans un centre de physiotherapie durant cinq mois. Une prise en charge quotidienne incluant la technique de Bobath a ete instituee pendant douze semaines. Les parametres suivants ont ete etudies : âge, statut marital, niveau de formation et d'education, profession, personnalite (classification d'Eysenck), degre d'invalidite, facteurs de co-morbidite, et de delai de prise en charge. La principale mesure attestant de la capacite a mar","PeriodicalId":42149,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2008-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70465671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prise En Charge Des Manifestations Neurologiques De La Pre- Eclampsie Severe Et De L'eclampsie Par Le Sulfate De Magnesium A Cotonou","authors":"A. Lokossou, D. Avode, D. Komongui, I. Takpara, Pc Sacca, R. Perrin","doi":"10.4314/AJNS.V25I1.7578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJNS.V25I1.7578","url":null,"abstract":"Le sulfate de magnesium(MgSO4) utilise depuis des decennies aux USA est reconnu plus efficace que le diazepam ou les phenytoines dans la prevention et le traitements des crises d'eclampsie, responsables d'une mortalite elevee.\u0000\u0000Objectif \u0000Evaluer l'efficacite et la tolerance du MgSO4 en milieu africain a Cotonou(BENIN) ou la frequence et la letalite dues a l'eclampsie demeurent des plus elevees.\u0000\u0000Materiel et methode \u0000Il s'agissait d'une etude a la fois retrospective et prospective a visee descriptive et analytique menee pendant 30 mois a l'Hopital de la Mere et Enfant Lagune(HOMEL) de Cotonou. L'echantillon etait constitue de patientes presentant une pre- eclampsie severe ou une eclampsie et qui etaient traitees par MgSO4 en dose d'attaque et d'entretien. L'administration du produit etait rigoureusement surveillee afin de diagnostiquer un surdosage. L'efficacite de MgSO4 etait evaluee sur l'amendement des signes neurologiques, le score d'APGAR a 1 et 5 mn de vie, la morbidite et la mortalite maternelles et neonatales etant comparees a celles rapportees dans une serie de 2001a l'HOMEL.\u0000\u0000Resultats \u0000760 cas sur 17.753 accouchements etaient colliges (4,28% des accouchements ) ; 211 (âge moyen 24,74 ans) etaient traites par du MgSO4. Les pressions arterielles systolique et diastolique etaient comprises respectivement entre 160- 200 et 110- 120 mm Hg dans 83 et 86% des cas, accompagnees de crises convulsives(63%), d'obnubilation et de coma (13 et 12% respectivement) • L'efficacite du MgSO4 etait nette en termes d'amendement complet des crises convulsives (54% des cas) des l'administration de la dose d'attaque. Le score d'APGAR etait satisfaisant a la 1ere et 5eme mn de vie respectivement chez 69 et 84% des nouveaux- nes. La mortalite neonatale et la letalite maternelle (de 4 et 0,94% respectivement) etaient ameliorees par rapport aux taux d'une serie de 2001 (de 20,8 et 8,05% respectivement) a l'HOMEL de Cotonou avant l'introduction du MgSO4.\u0000\u0000Conclusion \u0000Le sulfate de magnesium sous reserve d'une surveillance clinique rigoureuse etait reellement efficace sur les manifestations neurologiques de la pre- eclampsie severe et de l'eclampsie.\u0000\u0000 The sulphate of magnesium(MgSO4) used since decades in USA is recognized more efficient than diazepam or phenytoins in the prevention and the treatment of the eclampsia seizures, responsible of an elevated mortality.\u0000\u0000Objectif \u0000To Value the efficiency and the tolerance of MgSO4 in African environment in Cotonou(BENIN) where the frequency and the lethality due to eclampsia stay of the most elevated.\u0000\u0000Material and method \u0000It was a retrospective and prospective, analytic and descriptive survey achieved during 30 months in the Mother and Child Hospital Lagoon(HOMEL) of Cotonou. The sample was constituted of patients presenting preeclampsia and eclampsia neurological symptoms and who were treated by MgSO4 in attack and maintenance dose. The treatment was supervised to diagnose overdose. The efficiency of MgSO4 was valued o","PeriodicalId":42149,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2008-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70466129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Les Hematomes Extra-Duraux Post Traumatiques : Prise En Charge Medico-Chirurgicale A Yaounde","authors":"V. Djientcheu, An Bisso, A. K. Njamnshi, P. Ongolo-Zogo, E. Hell-Médjo, M. Sosso","doi":"10.4314/AJNS.V24I2.7573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJNS.V24I2.7573","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction L'hematome extra dural (HED) est une urgence chirurgicale majeure. Son diagnostic et sa prise en charge dans les pays en voie de developpement se heurtent a des difficultes inherentes a la fois a la modestie des plateaux techniques et au cout trop onereux des soins pour des malades souvent demunis, sans systeme d'entraide national.\u0000\u0000Objectif Le but de cette etude est d'etablir le profil epidemiologique des patients victimes d'un HED a Yaounde, de relever les difficultes dans la prise en charge et d'evaluer les resultats a court et a moyen terme.\u0000\u0000Patients et Methodes Il s'agit d'une etude descriptive allant de Janvier 1999 a Decembre 2004. Tous les patients pris en charge (trousse neurochirurgicale d'urgence) pour un hematome extra dural dans l'une des formations hospitalieres de Yaounde ont ete inclus.\u0000\u0000Resultats Sur les 38 patients recrutes, le sexe masculin etait preponderant avec un sexe ratio de 3.8/1. L'âge moyen etait de 24,5 ans (extreme allant de 3 a 48 ans). Les accidents de la voie publique constituaient l'etiologie la plus frequente (55,3% des cas). Le traitement chirurgical etait principalement une craniotomie (81,1% des patients operes). Le traitement medical avant la chirurgie etait variable. Le GOS dans le collectif etait evalue a 5 (2 patients decedes), 2 (4 patients avec des sequelles) et 1 (32 patients avec une recuperation complete).\u0000\u0000Conclusion Ce travail demontre l'interet de disposer d'une trousse neurochirurgicale d'urgence pour une prise en charge optimale dans notre contexte.\u0000\u0000 Background Extra dural hematoma (EDH) is a major surgical emergency but its management in developing countries is still hindered by several difficulties related to infrastructure and financial accessibility to care in health systems that usually a national insurance policy. This study looked at the epidemiology, difficulties and short term results of using a simple emergency neurosurgical kit in the management of EDH in Yaounde.\u0000\u0000Patients and Methods This was a descriptive study from January 1999 to December 2004. All consecutive patients managed for extra dural hematoma (emergency neurosurgical kit) in any of the hospitals of Yaounde during this period were included.\u0000\u0000Results Thirty-eight (38) patients were included, with male predominance (sex ratio 3.8/1). The mean age was 24.5 years (range : 3 to 48). Road traffic accidents was the main etiologic factor (55.3%). Most of the patients underwent craniotomy (81.1%) or craniectomy. Peri-operative medical treatment was variable. The GOS was 5 (2 dead patients), 2 (4 patients with sequellae) et 1 (32 patients with complete recovery).\u0000\u0000Conclusion This work shows the value of an emergency neurosurgical kit for optimising the management of extra dural hematoma in our context of practice.\u0000\u0000 Keywords : Hematome extra dural, Afrique, Trepanation / Extra dural hematoma, Sub Saharan Africa, Burrhole surgery African Journal of Neurological Sciences Vol. 24 (2) 2005: pp.33-39","PeriodicalId":42149,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2008-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70465917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Incidence Of Extensor Plantar Reflex In Newborns In An Indigenous African Population","authors":"Sa Oluwole, A. Afolabi","doi":"10.4314/AJNS.V24I1.7564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJNS.V24I1.7564","url":null,"abstract":"Background \u0000The plantar reflex has been reported to be predominantly flexor in African infants and in African subjects with lesions of the corticospinal tracts. This study was done to determine the incidence of extensor plantar reflex in healthy full-term newborns in an indigenous African population. \u0000\u0000Methods \u0000Healthy term newborns with Apgar score of 8 and above at one minute were recruited into the study consecutively in a maternity hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria. The plantar reflex was elicited by stroking the lateral side of the sole with firm pressure, between 24 - 48 hours after delivery. \u0000\u0000Results \u0000Of 461 newborns, the plantar reflex was extensor in 85, flexor in 374, and absent in two. The cumulative incidence of extensor plantar reflex was 18 % (95 % CI 15 - 22), while the standardised incidence ratio was 25 % (95 % CI 22 - 27). \u0000\u0000Conclusion \u0000This study shows that the plantar reflex is predominantly flexor in this indigenous African population. Although the physiological basis of this finding is not known, it may indicate early maturation of the corticospinal tracts in African newborns.\u0000 But \u0000Le but de l'etude est de determiner l'incidence du reflexe cutane plantaire chez des nouveaux nes Africains en bonne sante. \u0000\u0000Methode \u0000Les nouveaux nes a terme avec un score d'Apgar de 8 ou plus ont ete inclus dans une etude consecutive realisee dans la maternite d'Ibadan au Nigeria. Le reflexe cutane plantaire a ete recherche selon les regles, 24 et 48h apres la delivrance. \u0000\u0000Resultats \u0000Sur 461 nouveaux nes le reflexe cutane a ete observe en extension dans 85 cas et en flexion dans 374 cas et absent dans 2 cas. L'incidence cumulative du reflexe cutane plantaire etait de 18% (95% CI 15-12), tandis que le ratio de l'incidence standard etait de 25% (95% CI 22-27) \u0000\u0000Conclusion \u0000Cette etude montre que le reflexe cutane plantaire est predominant en flexion dans cette population africaine autochtone. Bien que les bases physiologiques de ce constat ne soit pas connu, il pourrait indiquer la precoce maturation du tractus cortico spinal chez le nouveau ne africain Keywords : plantar reflex, Babinski, African, neonate, Afrique, nouveau-ne, examen neurologique, reflexes, reflexes cutane plantaire\u0000 African Journal of Neurological Sciences Vol. 24 (1) 2005: pp. 25-28","PeriodicalId":42149,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2008-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70466100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Localizing Value Of Focal Delta Slowing In Temporal Lobe Epilepsy","authors":"A. Abuhuzeifa, Ija Wambacq","doi":"10.4314/AJNS.V24I1.7566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJNS.V24I1.7566","url":null,"abstract":"Background \u0000Clinical and structural correlates of lateralized interictal delta activity in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) have been well documented in the literature. Nevertheless, its occurrence has not been considered a significant clinical feature. \u0000Objective \u0000To evaluate the significance of focal delta- range slowing for localizing the epileptogenic focus in patients with TLE, and predicting the outcome of temporal lobe surgery. \u0000Methods \u0000Sixteen consecutive patients with temporal lobe epilepsy who underwent anterior temporal lobe resections were selected for the study. Findings of MRI, SPECT, neuropyschology assessment, pathology and surgical outcome were analyzed and correlated with focal delta slow activity of background rhythm. \u0000Results \u0000Twelve of 16 patients (75%) had localized temporal delta slowing corresponding to the resection site and pathology. Temporal delta slowing was the most frequent interictal EEG finding (75%) compared to spike and sharp wave (44%). MRI showed concordant abnormalities in 75% of the patients, and neuropyschology testing was able to lateralize the involved hemisphere in 37.5%. SPECT was concordant in 56%. There was no false localization with temporal delta activity. Slow wave EEG had a higher marginal probability than neuropsychological assessment of predicting the focus, and was equally effective as other investigative methods. \u0000Conclusion \u0000These results suggest that focal temporal delta slowing is useful in the localization of epileptogenic foci. There was no discordance with the resection site and pathology. Introduction \u0000Les correlations entre clinique, et topographie des ondes delta intercritiques au cours de l'epilepsie temporal (TLE) ont ete bien documentees dans la litterature. \u0000But \u0000Evaluer la relation entre ralentissement delta et la localisation d'un foyer epileptogene dans le cadre d'une TLE et apres une lobectomie temporale. \u0000Methodes \u0000Seize patients consecutifs atteints d'une epilepsie temporale qui ont beneficie d'une lobectomie temporale ont ete seletionnes. Les donnees IRM, SPECT, neuropsychologiques, neuropathologiques et l'evolution post-chirurgicale ont ete analysees et correlees au foyer d'ondes delta. \u0000Resultats \u0000Douze des 16 patients (75%) avaient une correspondance entre les ondes delta, et la resection chirurgicale et l'anatomopathologie. Les ondes lentes delta temporales sont les anomalies les plus frequemment rencontrees durant les periodes intercriques comparees aux spikes et pointes ondes (44%). La concordance entre l'IRM et les anomalies est notee chez 75% des patients ; les tests neuropsychologiques sont capables de determiner la lateralisation de l'hemisphere implique dans 37% des cas. La SPECT etait concordante dans 56% des cas. Il n'y avait pas de faux positif dans la localisation par l'activite temporale delta. Les ondes EEG lentes ont une plus grande probabilite localisatrice que les tests neuropsychologiques et sont aussi effectives que les autres methodes \u0000Conc","PeriodicalId":42149,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2008-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70465650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Méningiome Géant A Développement Intra Et Extracranien/Giant Intra And Extracranial Meningioma","authors":"A. Elkharras, L. En-Nouali, N. Jawhari, A. Elhaddad, A. Ajja, S. Chaouir, M. Benamaur","doi":"10.4314/AJNS.V24I1.7568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJNS.V24I1.7568","url":null,"abstract":"Le meningiome geant de la voute du crâne est une tumeur benigne rare. Les auteurs rapportent une observation d'une localisation parietale droite chez un patient de 56 ans. Ils discutent les aspects cliniques, radiologiques et etiologiques de cette pathologie Giant meningioma is a rare benign tumor. We report a case with a right parietal bone localization. Clinico-pathological and radiological findings of this uncommon tumor are discussed.\u0000 Keywords : CT scan, Meningioma, MRI, Skull, Crâne, Meningiome, Scanner, IRM\u0000 African Journal of Neurological Sciences Vol. 24 (1) 2005: pp. 63-68","PeriodicalId":42149,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2008-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70465686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence De La Migraine A Madagascar : Resultats D'une Enquete Menee Dans Une Population Generale","authors":"L. Andriantseheno, Jy Rafidison, Op Andriantseheno","doi":"10.4314/AJNS.V24I1.7561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJNS.V24I1.7561","url":null,"abstract":"Objectif \u0000Les donnees epidemiologiques sur la migraine, chez les Malgaches, sont rares ou discordantes. D'ou l'interet de cette enquete de prevalence en population generale. \u0000\u0000Methodes \u0000L'etude a ete menee dans le « Grand Antananarivo », du 1er Juin 2001 au 31 Decembre 2001. Ont ete incluses, les personnes des deux sexes, âgees de plus de 14 ans, ayant presente au cours des 12 mois precedant l'enquete, des cephalees recidivantes. \u0000\u0000Resultats \u0000Sur les 496 personnes interviewees, 96 ont souffert de migraine, donnant le taux de prevalence brut de 19 % (96/496) et specifique de 26,8 % (76/284) chez la femme versus 9,4 % (20/212) chez l'homme. Seuls 35 % des malades ont consulte un medecin, et 28% recu des soins appropries. La population migraineuse etait plus jeune (p 0,1), ou la grande taille familiale (p >0,1) etaient associees a la maladie. \u0000\u0000Resultat \u0000Du fait de sa frequence elevee, la migraine pose a Madagascar, un probleme de sante publique. Background \u0000Epidemiological data on migraine are rare or discrepant in the malagasy medical literature. \u0000\u0000Objective \u0000This general population survey, carried out in the “Grand Antananarivo” from June 1st 2001 to December 31st 2001, is intended to supply this deficiency. \u0000\u0000Methods \u0000People of both sexes more than 14 years old, having suffered from recurrent headaches during the 12 months preceding the study, were included. \u0000\u0000Results \u0000Ninety six (96) out of the 496 persons submitted to the interview have suffered from migraine, giving the crude prevalence rate of 19 %, and specific rates of 26.8 % for women versus 9.4 % for men. Only 35 % of sufferers have consulted a doctor, and no more than 28 % received an appropriate treatment. Migraineurs were younger (p 0.1), nor with the big family size (p >0.1). \u0000\u0000Conclusion \u0000Migraine set a public health problem because of its high prevalence.\u0000 Keywords : Afrique, Epidemiologie, Migraine, Madagascar, Africa, Epidemiology, Migraine, Malagasy African Journal of Neurological Sciences Vol. 24 (1) 2005: pp. 13-17","PeriodicalId":42149,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2008-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70465975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Descriptive Study Of Foot Complications In Diabetic Patients With Symptomatic Peripheral Neuropathy","authors":"R. Ikem, B. Kolawole, O. Olasode","doi":"10.4314/AJNS.V24I1.7560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJNS.V24I1.7560","url":null,"abstract":"Background \u0000Symptomatic peripheral neuropathy in a diabetic patient may be associated with the presence of other foot complications, which may otherwise be overlooked. \u0000\u0000Objective \u0000We conducted this study to determine the prevalence of symptomatic peripheral neuropathy among diabetic patients attending the diabetes outpatient clinic of our hospital as well as document the presence of other foot complications/problems in patients with symptomatic peripheral neuropathy. \u0000\u0000Methods \u0000A cross-sectional survey of foot complications was conducted over a 6-month period in diabetic patients symptomatic for peripheral neuropathy and compared with age/sex matched diabetics without peripheral neuropathy and apparently healthy individuals. \u0000\u0000Results \u0000Of 322 diabetic patients studied, 64(19%) had symptomatic peripheral neuropathy. The most frequent symptoms of peripheral neuropathy were numbness or tingling sensation in (65.6%), cramps, aches and fatigue (14.1%) respectively, and burning sensation (10.9%). Dry skin, hyperpigmentation, corns and callosities, cracked skin and fungal infections were the most frequent lesions seen in diabetic patients symptomatic for peripheral neuropathy. These lesions occurred more frequently in them than in patients without neuropathy and healthy subjects. While (34.7%) symptomatic patients had foot ulcers, none was recorded in the asymptomatic or healthy population. \u0000\u0000Conclusion \u0000Foot complications other than foot ulcers may occur in diabetic patients with symptomatic peripheral neuropathy. Awareness of these skin and foot lesions and their sequelae with prompt initiation of measures to limit disability may prevent limb losses/foot deformities and should be emphasised. Proper education on foot care and frequent limb inspection can never be over emphasised. Moreover, these foot lesions may also serve as markers for the presence as well as severity of peripheral neuropathy.\u0000Introduction \u0000Les neuropathies diabetiques symptomatiques s'accompagnent de complications au niveau des pieds qui risquent d'etre negligees. \u0000\u0000But \u0000Le but de l'etude est de determiner la prevalence des neuropathies peripheriques ainsi que les complications au niveau des pieds chez des diabetiques suivis dans notre departement, en ambulatoire. \u0000\u0000Methode \u0000Une etude transversale a ete menee pendant six mois chez des diabetiques atteints d'une neuropathie peripherique symptomatique et des individus apparemment sains. \u0000\u0000Resultats \u0000Sur les 322 patients etudies, 64 (19%) presentaient une neuropathie peripherique symptomatique. Les symptomes les plus souvent rencontres sont : les engourdissements ou picotements (65,6%), les crampes, des douleurs continues, une fatigabilite (14,1%) et une impression de brulure (10,9%). Une peau seche et craquelee, une hyperpigmentation, des callosities ainsi que des signes de mycoses etaient les lesions les plus souvent observees chez les patients diabetiques ayant une neuropathie peripherique. Aucun ulcere n'a ete note chez les indivi","PeriodicalId":42149,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2008-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70465968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Effects Of Anti-Epileptic Drugs In Nigerians With Epilepsy","authors":"O. Ogunrin, B. Adamolekun, A. Oguniiyi","doi":"10.4314/AJNS.V24I1.7563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJNS.V24I1.7563","url":null,"abstract":"Background \u0000Epilepsy is particularly highly prevalent in developing African countries and has been associated with cognitive disturbances, but more importantly is the contribution of the anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs). \u0000\u0000Objective \u0000This study aimed at comparing the effects of AEDs on the cognitive functions of Nigerian epileptic patients. \u0000\u0000Methods \u0000This is a prospective study of 55 consecutive patients with epilepsy, aged 14 years and above, over a two year period (October 2000 to October 2002), recruited from the Neurology Clinic of the University Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria. Anti-epileptic treatment with either carbamazepine (19 patients), phenytoin (18 patients), or phenobarbitone (18 patients) which was randomly assigned constituted the interventional measure. Cognitive testing, using the Iron Psychology (FePsy) a computerized neuro-psychological test battery, measured the visual and auditory reaction times, the continuous performance test and the recognition memory test to assess the mental speed, attention and memory respectively. \u0000\u0000Results \u0000The effect of the individual drug on cognitive performance revealed significant impairment of mental speed (p 0.05). Carbamazepine did not significantly affect the verbal (Words section) memory scores (p>0.05) implying better performance in tasks of verbal memory (p Introduction \u0000La prevalence de l'epilepsie est elevee en Afrique de meme que les troubles cognitifs associes a l'utilisation des antiepileptiques (AEDs). \u0000\u0000But \u0000Le but de l'etude est de comparer les effets des AEDs sur les fonctions cognitives d'une population epileptique nigeriane. \u0000\u0000Methodes \u0000L'etude prospective, randomizee, concerne 55 patients epileptiques âges de 14 ans et plus, etudies sur une periode de 2 ans (octobre 2000 a octobre 2002) et recrutes dans le service de neurologie du CHU de Benin City. Le traitement etait soit la carbamazepine, (19 patients) soit la phenitoine (18 patients), soit du phenobarbital (18 patients) Les tests cognitifs utilisant le Iron Psychology (FePsy), tests psychologiques, ont mesure les temps de reaction auditif et visuels, les tests de performance de la memoire mentale, de l'attention et de la memoire. \u0000\u0000Resultats \u0000Chacun des medicaments a entraine une perturbation de la vivacite mentale (p 0.05). La carbamazepine n'a pas affecte de maniere significative la memoire verbale (mots) (p > 0.05). Tous les autres antiepileptiques ont reduit les capacites d'attention des patients ( p Keywords : Africa, Anti-epileptic drugs, Epilepsy, Memory, Mental speed, Nigeria, Afrique, Antiepileptiques, Epilepsie, Memoire. Nigeria, Tests psychologiques African Journal of Neurological Sciences Vol. 24 (1) 2005: pp. 18-24","PeriodicalId":42149,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2008-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70466043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pattern And Outcome Of Neurological Manifestations Of Hiv/Aids - A Review Of 154 Cases In A Nigerian University Teaching Hospital - A Preliminary Report","authors":"S. Ogun, F. Ojini, N. Okubadejo, Danesi Ma, K. Kolapo, B. Osalusi, B. Boyle","doi":"10.4314/AJNS.V24I1.7565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJNS.V24I1.7565","url":null,"abstract":"Background \u0000The HIV is neurotropic and clinicians need to be aware of its myriad neurologic manifestations, as these may be the only clinical presentation. \u0000Objective \u0000To evaluate the clinical spectrum and outcome of the neurologic manifestations in patients with HIV / AIDS over a ten year period. \u0000Design \u0000case - note based retrospective follow-up study. \u0000Settings \u0000Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital; Nigeria. \u0000Participants \u0000Patients attending the HIV outpatient clinic and medical in-patients with AIDS. \u0000Intervention \u0000Treatment was symptomatic and specific treatment was administered for indicator diseases. Highly Active Anti-retroviral Therapy (HAART) was not used routinely. \u0000Main Outcome Measure \u0000Neurologic impairment related to HIV / AIDS and its sequelae within 6 months. \u0000Results \u0000A total of 362 patients with HIV / AIDS were reviewed over a ten-year period, of which 154 patients, (42.5%) had neurological manifestations. Forty-five (29%) patients had Herpes zoster, 40 (26%) had TB meningitis (TBM), 19 (12%) had vacuolar myelopathy (VM), another 19 (12%) had AIDS dementia complex (ADC), 15 (9.7%) had toxoplasma encephalitis, 10 (6.5%) had distal sensory polyneuropathy, 4 (2.6%) had inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, and 2 (1.3%) had subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord. An overall 6-months fatality of 45% was recorded with ADC, VM and TBM as predictors of high fatality. \u0000Conclusion \u0000Herpes zoster appears to be the commonest neurological manifestation while TBM is the commonest AIDS defining illness. Our experience indicates that unusual neurological manifestations could be the first manifestation of HIV/AIDS, and there is need for awareness of these entities by practising doctors for prompt diagnosis and treatment. Screening of all patients with Herpes zoster for HIV is also advised. Introduction \u0000Le VIH est neurotrophique et les praticiens doivent etre vigilants compte tenu du caracere polymorphe des manifestations neurologiques cliniques. \u0000But \u0000Evaluer les aspects cliniques et l'evolution des manifestations cliniques chez des patients HIV/SIDA durant une periode de 10 ans. \u0000Methodes \u0000Il s'agit d'une etude retrospective realisee a l'Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital (Nigeria) chez des patients en ambulatoire pour les seropositifs ou hospitalises, pour les sideens. Le traitement etait symptomatique et rarement tritherapie. \u0000Resultats \u0000362 patients VIH / SIDA ont ete etudies sur une periode de dix ans. 154 patients (42.5%), presentaient des manifestations neurologiques. Quarante cinq patients (29%) avaient un zona, 40 (26%) une meningite tuberculeuse (TBM), 19 (12%) une myeopathie vacuolaire (VM), 19 (12%) une demence (AIDS dementia complex, ADC), 15 (9.7%) une toxoplasmose cerebrale, 10 (6.5%) une polyneuropathie distale sensitive, 4 (2.6%) une polyneuropathie demyelinisante inflammatoire, and 2 (1.3%) une myelopathie subaigue subacute. \u0000Conclusion \u0000Le zona apparait comme etant la manifestation neurolog","PeriodicalId":42149,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Neurological Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2008-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70465640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}