Journal of Business & Tourism最新文献

{"title":"Levels of Academic Leaders’ Emotional Intelligence, Team Emotional Climate & Team Member Job Satisfaction","authors":"MUHAMMAD ADNAN REHMAN, MUHAMMAD NAUMAN HABIB, SHAHZAD KHAN","doi":"10.34260/jbt.v4i2.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34260/jbt.v4i2.162","url":null,"abstract":"The study intended to examine leaders’ emotional intelligence, emotional work climate and job satisfaction among several teams of higher educational institutes. A few studies have examined the effects of these variables but seldom studies existed which examined the level of these variables. The aim of this study was to find out the difference between the true mean and the comparison value. Questionnaire survey of 30 team leaders and 120 team members was conducted. The paper applied one sample t-test using the SPSS 20 software to test the hypothesis. The study found out that there is a slight difference between the true mean and the comparison value. Although the difference is statistically significant but not large enough to be practically significant. Therefore, the subjects recruited were treated as normal.","PeriodicalId":421170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business & Tourism","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125718900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monetary Policy, Fiscal Policy and Capital Structure","authors":"Zia ur Rehman, Asad Khan, SHER ALI KHAN, Shah Raza Khan","doi":"10.34260/jbt.v4i2.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34260/jbt.v4i2.163","url":null,"abstract":"Instruments of monetary and fiscal policy are beyond the control of the management but they do influence the short-term as well as long-term decision making of the firm. Empirical studies with respect to their effect on financing decisions of the firm are somewhat under researched particularly in the context of developing countries. The aim of the study was to analyse the effect of these instruments on the financing decisions of the non-financial firms listed on PSX for the period 2008-2015. Fixed effect model was used to analyse the effect of instruments of monetary policy and fiscal policy on the financing decisions of firms. Based on sample of 338 firms, the findings of the study revealed that instruments of monetary policy and fiscal policy do influence the financing decisions of the firm. M2, tax revenue and government debt has a significant effect on the debt ratio of listed firms whereas real interest rate is insignificantly related. Moreover, the relationship between real interest rate, M2 and tax revenue and debt ratio is negative whereas in case of government debt it is positive.","PeriodicalId":421170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business & Tourism","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125720720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Predictors of Organizational Commitment: A Case Study of Private School Teachers in Pakistan","authors":"FAHEEM ULLAH QURESHI, Dr. Aqsa Siddiq, Abdul Majid, Rukhsar","doi":"10.34260/jbt.v4i2.172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34260/jbt.v4i2.172","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigates the impact of perceived organizational support, job involvement and job satisfaction on organizational commitment of teachers working in private sector schools of Peshawar, Pakistan. The sample (sample size N=100) of private school teachers in Peshawar was selected through random sampling technique. The data were collected via a structured and reliable questionnaire (α= 0.880) from the teachers and results were generated using SPSS software. The results proved that there is a positive correlation among the organizational commitment, perceived organizational support, job involvement and job satisfaction of the teachers serving in the private schools. In addition, the results of the multiple regression analysis support that teachers’ commitment has a significant relationship with their job involvement, perceived organizational support and job satisfaction at private schools in Peshawar. The results add new knowledge that can be used in both private and public sector schools of Pakistan to improve the organizational commitment of their teachers and to increase the motivation and retention level of the nation builders.","PeriodicalId":421170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business & Tourism","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130669091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investor Sentiment in Stock Market: A Case of Pakistan Super League in Pakistan Stock Exchange","authors":"FURQAN ULLAH, Muhammad Asif, Muhammad Zahid, FAIZA MEHREEN","doi":"10.34260/jbt.v4i2.165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34260/jbt.v4i2.165","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates whether sentiments play any role while investors make financial decisions which results in the stock returns. The paper analyzes the major two sports events (2016-2017) of Pakistan Super League (PSL). The study utilizes the stock market data from Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX)-100 index for the period of two financial years starting from June 2015 to July 2017. PSL T20 data is collected from the official PSL website. The empirical results of the studyshow that PSL sports events are highly statistically significant and imply that the events trigger investor sentiments (optimistic and pessimistic behaviors) in the PSX.When the whole PSL games were played on United Arab Emirates (UAE) grounds in 2016, later on, which badly affected the investor moods and resulted in a negative abnormal return in PSX-100 index. While in case of PSL event in 2017, in which only final match of the event was held in Lahore, Pakistan and resulted in a positive abnormal return in PSX-100 index. The study provides implications for different authorities such as Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB), PSX and other development authorities in order to promote such activities for the overall economic and social benefits. While founding no previous studies concerning the subject in the Pakistani context, the Scholar selected the issue to conduct a research and make a considerable contribution for investors in Pakistan with respect to PSL events and its impact on PSX. Keywords: Investor Sentiments, Stock returns, behavioral finance, Pakistan Super League, Pakistan Stock Exchange","PeriodicalId":421170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business & Tourism","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122449718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Customer Loyalty Programs on Customer Retention in Pakistan","authors":"Syed Majid Khalil, OBAID ULLAH, DR. SYED HAIDER KHALIL","doi":"10.34260/jbt.v4i2.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34260/jbt.v4i2.173","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of our study was to build an extremely significant understanding of the influence of client's loyalty programs on buyer's retention. The context of the current study was set for Pakistani consumers. The current study inspects the key role of loyalty programs such as devotion programs, point framework, level reward framework and non-fiscal projects on the dependent variable: client retention. A quantitative analysis method was adopted to achieve the objective of the research. For the data collection, questionnaires were distributed randomly among customers. Our findings suggest that there is a significant impact of loyalty programs for retaining valuable customers. Evidently, a significant effect was noted for different types of loyalty schemes such as Tier reward, Point and Non-monetary schemes.","PeriodicalId":421170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business & Tourism","volume":"2 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131540106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Institutional and Insider Ownership on Dividend Policy: Evidence from Pakistan","authors":"RIFFAT SHAHEEN, DR. SABEEH ULLAH","doi":"10.34260/jbt.v4i2.169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34260/jbt.v4i2.169","url":null,"abstract":"This research study aimed to examine the effect of institutional and insider ownership on dividend policy of a firm. Ownership structure play a vital role in explaining firm dividend policy. To investigate the effect of institutional and insider ownership on dividend policy, a random sample of 50 non-financial firms was selected for the period of 2009 to 2013. The study based on panel data so for the selection of appropriate panel data model among pooled OLS, Random effect and Fixed effect, Breusch Pagan LM test, Chow test, and Hausman test were used and random effect model was found best fitted. Results indicated that institutional ownership has positive relationship while insider ownership has negative relationship with dividend payout. Further, inclusion of institutional ownership along with insider ownership has increased the explanatory power of the model by 5.56% which is the incremental effect of the institutional ownership. Moreover, free cash flows and leverage have negative while firm size and market to book value have positive relationship with dividend payout.","PeriodicalId":421170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business & Tourism","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121891255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Career Salience on Employees Job Involvement, Analyzing the Moderating Role of Organization Citizenship Behavior","authors":"ROQIA MALIK, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman, Dr. Fahad Sultan, MOHAMMAD UMAIR KHAN","doi":"10.34260/jbt.v4i2.171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34260/jbt.v4i2.171","url":null,"abstract":"The current study identifies the factor that affecting the organization citizenship behavior and its employee’s job involvement. The study gives significance value to the literature that it provides compete discussion and information on organization citizenship behavior and its antecedents and consequences. The purpose of the study is to find out the impact of career salience on employees job involvement, analyzing the moderating role of organization citizenship behavior. Questionnaire method is used for data collection. Researcher collects the data from middle and lower level of employees on different organization. The total 44 questions asked from the middle and lower level of employees in Rawalpindi Islamabad Pakistan. The total data was collected through questionnaire from sample of 250 individuals and total 240 of respondent data was used for analysis. The result of this study indicated that there are significance relationship between independent and dependent variables and moderation was checked through (Baron & Kenny, 1986) condition. To test the reliability of the items cronbach’s alpha was used and testing the hypothesis of the study regression analysis was used. Further result show that the career salience, employees job involvement mediating effect of organization citizenship behavior.","PeriodicalId":421170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business & Tourism","volume":"285 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132808320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of HR Practices on Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Turnover Intentions","authors":"MUHAMMAD ATIQ RAFIQUE KHATTAK, MADIHA KHAN, SHAHZAD KHAN, DR. DAUD ALI","doi":"10.34260/jbt.v4i2.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34260/jbt.v4i2.167","url":null,"abstract":"In 21st century, human resource is major and most valuable asset of organization. Human resource is one of the major tool for organization that will help to achieve competitive advantage in the age of competition. Without a good human resource, companies cannot establish a good team of professional for their jobs. Great human asset should have such qualities as high satisfaction with their employments, high responsibility towards the organization, high inspiration to serve general society and solid aims to work for the association eagerly and dependably. Organization can upgrade inside capacities to manage present or future difficulties to be looked by an organization through great Human Resource practices. Human Resource Practices is a hierarchical capacity assume a critical part in overseeing workforce through it proactive approach in lessening disparities and also to draw in, create, hold and propel workforces. In that capacity, when organization energizes value and decency, their representatives is anticipated to wind up more dedicated in their activity & job. In the field of HRM, employee turnover is a major problem. Employee turnover is a cause for concern when the best and efficient employees intend to switch towards another organization, and there may be something that organization could do to retain those employees. Most of the Telecom sector in Pakistan faces a serious problem of high employee turnover. Now employees are considered as a main source to achievement of competitive advantage and organizations should give more focus in order to compete in the market with competitors. Organizations higher performance will depend on their incomparable employees; employees would not only adequately perform their required job but exert efforts that are beyond necessities. Employee turnover expectation is the huge reason that gives guidance to hold the specific conduct. This investigation is investigating the effect of HR practices on representative turnover and OCB in Telecom part of Pakistan that is Warid and Mobilink. This exploration will add to the group of writing relating HR practices and effect of HR practices on representative turnover and OCB, in hypothetical casing work will depict the measurements of HR practices for estimation worker turnover aims and OCB. The examination will clarify of how HR rehearses influences worker maintenance and OCB in telecom associations of Pakistan. The investigation will inspect through experimental discoveries in which including descriptive examinations, and regression for finding the effect of HR hones on representative turnover and OCB. Data will be collected using standardized questionnaire administered. Data collected from the sample size of one hundred and fifty people. In this study one hundred and fifty questionnaires were distributed only eighty was returned included in sample size in which forty employees and forty supervisors are included from both the company.","PeriodicalId":421170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business & Tourism","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127627708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stock Market Development And Economic Growth: Evidence From Pakistan","authors":"Muhammad Kamran, Dr. Muhammad Zahid, SAID WALI, KAMRAN RIZWAN","doi":"10.34260/jbt.v4i2.159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34260/jbt.v4i2.159","url":null,"abstract":"The key motive of this research is to explore the role of stock markets in economic growth in Pakistan for the span of 2000 to 2017 by using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and fully Modified Ordinary Least Square approach (FMOLS). The research explored the stock market development and economic growth association by employing the two significant measures of the stock market development, that is the size (DSIZE) and liquidity (DLIQ) of the market accompanied with Foreign Direct Investment (DFDI) and Stock Market Capitalization (DSMC). The outcomes reveal that the included independent variables have a positive effect on the dependent variable i. e. DGDP except for liquidity which has no significant effect on DGDP. It is expected that the findings of the investigation can be utilized by the government for destined follow-up and reassessment of economic development programs in Pakistan. The influential policy suggestion was the attraction of the Foreign Direct Investment and trade openness by exploring their major determinants and also focus on the positive relationship variables","PeriodicalId":421170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business & Tourism","volume":"348 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114825735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heuristic and Biases Related to Financial Investment and the Role of Behavioral Finance in Investment Decisions: A Case Study of Pakistan Stock Exchange","authors":"Yasir Khan, ABDUL WAHEED KHAN, Mukharif Shah, DR. SHAFIQ UR REHMAN","doi":"10.34260/jbt.v4i2.174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34260/jbt.v4i2.174","url":null,"abstract":"The Behavioral Determinants (BD) of Perceived Investment Performance (PIP) are considered to be one of the most sizzling research concerns in the world of investment behavioral finance. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the Heuristic and Biases Related to Financial Investment and the Role of Behavioral Finance in Investment Decisions in case of Pakistan stock exchange (PSX). Specifically, this study amid at to identify which biases impact more on PIP and to identify useful insights from the results of the study that may benefit in this discipline. Five likert scale questionnaire adapted from prior studies as it is satisfying the current scenario for industry settings of PSX. A quantitative cross sectional research design has been used in this study. The regression results found that the herding effects, over confidence, availability bias and representativeness have positive and significant impact on perceived investment performance. This study has significance for the individual investors, financial advisors, companies listed in PSX and Government. For the investors, the factors that influence their investment performance are crucial as these will influence their financial plans of future. Practical implications includes investors who desires to invest should incorporate the said BD for the accurate valuation of the assets and in taking future investment decisions. In PSX, it is first endeavor to uncover the HE, OC, AB and R as BD of PIP. This paper contribute to the existing body of literature since main stream of the previous studies concentrate more on the developed countries markets of the world. Moreover, this study put forth a well-integrated model to probe the effect of variables under consideration on PSX. Reflection of the said effect of behavioral impact in the decision making process of individuals will make the decisions more optimal and rational as well.","PeriodicalId":421170,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business & Tourism","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123143101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}