Renewable EnergyPub Date : 2025-09-29DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.124539
Hamza Simsir , Mehmet Kuddusi Akalın , Fuat Simsir
{"title":"Using Box-Behnken experimental design and fuzzy logic to determine optimal parameters in hydrothermal carbonization of grapefruit peel","authors":"Hamza Simsir , Mehmet Kuddusi Akalın , Fuat Simsir","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrochars have great potential to be used in many fields due to their superior physicochemical properties and ability to be produced under mild reaction conditions at low cost. This study aimed to determine the effects of reaction temperature, time, and biomass concentration parameters on the higher heating value (HHV) and energy efficiency (EE) of hydrothermal carbonization of grapefruit peel. For this purpose, the Box-Behnken experimental design was used to conduct fewer experiments and examine the interactions between independent variables. After these experiments, HHV and EE values between 20.19 and 26.00 (MJ/kg) and 76.50 and 93.15 (%) were calculated, respectively. According to the variance analysis, the coefficients of determination of the experimental and predicted values were consistent for HHV and EE. Also, estimation studies and parameter analyses were performed with the Fuzzy Logic approach, and a comparative evaluation was made with the results of the Box-Behnken method. Accordingly, the R<sup>2</sup> values were calculated to be higher than 0.97 for both HHV and EE with both models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 124539"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renewable EnergyPub Date : 2025-09-28DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.124536
Zia Ur Rehman , Sajid Ur Rehman , Faheem K. Butt , Yongcai Zhang , Jianhua Hou , Xiaozhi Wang
{"title":"Nitrogen-defect containing Si-C/g-C3N4 heterostructure with improved charge transfer kinetics for photocatalytic H2 production and CO2 reduction","authors":"Zia Ur Rehman , Sajid Ur Rehman , Faheem K. Butt , Yongcai Zhang , Jianhua Hou , Xiaozhi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A defect containing Si-C/CN multifunctional heterostructure was prepared via a green and fast microwave-assisted technique. Embedding silicon nanoparticles on g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanosheets creates numerous active sites and increases its specific surface area, leading to a considerable improvement in photocurrent response (1.24 μA cm<sup>−2</sup>) for efficient photocatalytic reaction. The synergistic effect of ultra-thin g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanosheets and Si particles provides rapid electron transfer due to the different fermi levels of both materials and stimulates spatial charge separation. Moreover, nitrogen vacancies suppress the recombination of charge carriers and prolong the lifetime of excitons. The novel Si-C/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanostructure promotes the generation of superoxide (•O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>) and hydroxyl (•OH) radicals that significantly improve redox reactions. The remarkable H<sub>2</sub> production rate (6477 μmol g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>), CO evolution rate (92.8 μmol g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>) and CH<sub>4</sub> production rate (31.7 μmol g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>) signify the outstanding photocatalytic efficiency of the synthesized Si-C/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> heterostructure. Furthermore, the computational study validates the novel research and emphasizes the new strategy of designing multifunctional nanostructures via green microwave-assisted technique.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 124536"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renewable EnergyPub Date : 2025-09-28DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.124452
Rafika Louli , Stefan Giurgea , Issam Salhi , Abderrezak Badji , Salah Laghrouche , Zhongliang Li , Abdesslem Djerdir
{"title":"Optimized multiphysics model for a Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer","authors":"Rafika Louli , Stefan Giurgea , Issam Salhi , Abderrezak Badji , Salah Laghrouche , Zhongliang Li , Abdesslem Djerdir","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen production through proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) is gaining traction due to its efficiency and sustainability. This work presents a comprehensive and experimentally validated multiphysics model integrating electrochemical, thermal, and fluidic dynamics to improve PEMWE performance predictions. The model accounts for key voltage losses and incorporates pressure and temperature effects through a coupled thermo fluidic submodel regulated by a PI controller. A set of polarization curves collected under different thermal and pressure conditions was used to calibrate the electrical submodel, allowing the identification of temperature and pressure dependent parameters that quantify the impact of operating conditions on overpotentials. The electrical behavior is accurately captured using advanced parameter optimization techniques, including PSO, GA, and L-BFGS-B, with L-BFGS-B outperforming the others in terms of convergence speed and fitting precision, resulting in modeling errors below 1%. The model’s performance is validated experimentally on <span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>k</mi><mi>W</mi></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mn>5</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>k</mi><mi>W</mi></mrow></math></span> PEMWEs, demonstrating its robustness, scalability, and accuracy. This work contributes to the optimization of PEMWE systems, offering a validated framework for real applications and future integration with renewable energy sources and advanced control strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 124452"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145204113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renewable EnergyPub Date : 2025-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.124533
Kitti Biró-Varga, Sven Stremke
{"title":"Advancing policy development for vertical agrivoltaics: Research on landscape integration and social acceptance","authors":"Kitti Biró-Varga, Sven Stremke","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agrivoltaic systems, combining agriculture with solar energy generation, are gaining wide international popularity. Recent developments include the upscaling of vertical interspace systems that integrate bifacial solar modules with livestock grazing or arable farming. In the Netherlands, peat reclamation landscapes have significant potential for accommodating these systems due to their extent and parcellation structure. This study explores that potential through a case study in the province of Gelderland. A methodology is developed to articulate principles and guidelines for the landscape-inclusive development of vertical agrivoltaics, which, in turn, provide the foundations for spatial policies in low-lying landscapes. Design guidelines are devised based on a literature study and visualised for an online survey conducted with experts. The survey helped to determine whether the proposed guidelines can maintain the landscape quality of the selected sites. The results show that promoting <em>accessibility</em> and including <em>park-like functions</em> in agrivoltaics improve landscape quality, as well as incorporating measures for <em>biodiversity</em> and <em>wildlife habitats</em>. The <em>visual appearance and shielding</em> of agrivoltaics also represent an important topic in literature and policy recommendations. The methodology, design guidelines and policy recommendations are relevant for similar open landscapes in the Netherlands and elsewhere.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 124533"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renewable EnergyPub Date : 2025-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.124525
Cheng Huang , Yunbo Zhai , Hongkui He , Xiaoping Liu , Yin Zhou , Changlan Hou , Jian Hu , Tao Liu
{"title":"Polycarboxylic acid-based natural deep eutectic solvents for sludge hydrothermal conversion: Unraveling the dual enhancement of dewaterability and 5-methylfurfural production","authors":"Cheng Huang , Yunbo Zhai , Hongkui He , Xiaoping Liu , Yin Zhou , Changlan Hou , Jian Hu , Tao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a novel approach using choline chloride (ChCl)-carboxylic acid natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) as bifunctional agents for the simultaneous enhancement of sludge dewaterability and 5-methylfurfural (5-MF) production via hydrothermal treatment. ChCl-polycarboxylic acid NADESs outperformed monocarboxylate analogues, with ChCl-citric acid yielding 7.12 kg 5-MF per ton of volatile solids (180 °C, 30 min) and ChCl-oxalic acid reducing capillary suction time by 87.99 %. Mechanistic analysis revealed that H<sup>+</sup> release from strongly acidic NADESs protonates sludge colloids to destabilize extracellular polymeric structures, while multiple -COOH/-OH groups in polycarboxylic acid enhance biopolymer binding compared to monocarboxylates, as demonstrated by DFT calculations. Concurrently, metal ions (Fe, Cr, Zn, etc.) liberated from sludge accelerate carbohydrate hydrolysis/dehydration to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), followed by NADES-mediated hydrogenation to 5-MF. The biphasic ethyl acetate<strong>–</strong>water system further increased 5-MF yield by 26.19 % through in-situ product extraction. By establishing quantitative structure-property correlations between NADES polarity and performance metrics, this work provides molecular design guidelines for multifunctional solvents enabling sludge volume reduction and high-value chemical recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 124525"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renewable EnergyPub Date : 2025-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.124535
Lingxiao Yang , Xin Wang , Bo Xu , Zhenqian Chen
{"title":"Characterization, optimization and feasibility analysis of a novel high-temperature heat pump with large temperature differentials for combined cooling and heating supply","authors":"Lingxiao Yang , Xin Wang , Bo Xu , Zhenqian Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-temperature heat pumps (HTHPs) experience significant performance degradation when operating under large temperature differentials, which undermines their competitiveness in practical applications. To address these challenges, a novel HTHP system designed for combined cooling and heating (CCH) applications with large temperature differences is proposed. An in-depth characterization, optimization and feasibility analysis of the improved system is conducted, leveraging three HTHP cycles as a control and incorporating an advanced CCH performance indicator. The study demonstrates the following key findings: (1) The proposed system exhibits the highest heating COP, moderate operational stability and heating capacity when operating under large temperature differentials. (2) Under the set specified CCH conditions, the system attains a first-place operational COP of 2.623, surpassing the second-place system by 8.06 % and the lowest-performing system by 20.79 %. This performance level aligns with the heating performance achievable using a 50 °C waste heat source. (3) Through the selection of refrigerant pairs, R152a/R1233zd(E) is found to have relatively optimal CCH performance, with a 5.15 % improvement compared to the initially used R1234ze(E)/R1234ze(Z). (4) Compared to gas boilers, the system presents remarkable economic advantages, achieving payback within five years. Over its lifecycle, the system reduces operational costs by 11.70 % (Beijing), 20.45 % (Guangzhou), and 28.70 % (Singapore), respectively. (5) The CO<sub>2</sub> emission level of the system under the set CCH mode reaches that of gas boilers, effectively mitigating the environmental drawbacks associated with HTHPs operating under large temperature differentials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 124535"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renewable EnergyPub Date : 2025-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.124534
Xiangdong Li , Hui Lin , Guan Wang , Gaofeng Dai , Yongqiang Chen , Yong Luo , Bin Liu , Jiaye Zhang , Richard L. Axelbaum , Xuebin Wang
{"title":"Innovative performance evaluation and process simulation of a 550 MW staged, pressurized oxy-biomass combustion power plant for negative carbon emissions","authors":"Xiangdong Li , Hui Lin , Guan Wang , Gaofeng Dai , Yongqiang Chen , Yong Luo , Bin Liu , Jiaye Zhang , Richard L. Axelbaum , Xuebin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) technology is crucial for improving carbon capture efficiency but faces challenges due to high electricity costs. Staged, pressurized oxy-combustion addresses this by efficiently recovering latent heat from flue gas within the steam Rankine cycle, improving net plant efficiency in power plants. Integrating biomass with this technology holds promise for reducing fossil fuel consumption and achieving negative carbon emissions. However, the performance of staged pressurized oxy-biomass combustion (Bio-SPOC) has not been studied yet. This study used ASPEN Plus to analyze the performance of a 550 MW staged, pressurized oxy-biomass combustion power plant. The results indicate that air separation unit (ASU) is the main energy consumption unit. As pressure increases, net plant efficiency (NPE) increases firstly and then drops, with the maximum of 38.03 % (LHV) at 1 MPa. When O<sub>2</sub> concentration in flue gas reduces from 3 % to 1 % NPE increases from 37.82 % (LHV) to 38.42 % (LHV). The NPE of Bio-SPOC is 4.26 % higher than that of coal. This improvement is mainly due to the higher moisture in Bio-SPOC flue gas, allowing for more latent heat recovery. Additionally, biomass has a higher oxygen content, resulting in lower ASU energy consumption. These findings provide technical support for the promotion and application of Bio-SPOC technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 124534"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renewable EnergyPub Date : 2025-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.124512
Jen-Yu Han , Yi-Hsuan Kan , Petr Vohnicky
{"title":"A framework for PV yield-based solar energy mapping in mid-low latitude regions with complex topography","authors":"Jen-Yu Han , Yi-Hsuan Kan , Petr Vohnicky","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate solar energy potential mapping is crucial for effective energy planning, particularly in regions with complex terrain and diverse microclimates. This study presents a novel framework that integrates lapse-rate-adjusted ERA5-Land reanalysis data with satellite-derived solar irradiance to construct a regionally calibrated Gridded Typical Meteorological Year (GTMY) dataset at 2 km resolution. Unlike methods using only ground data or coarse reanalysis, this approach applies topographic lapse rate corrections to improve temperature and dew point accuracy by 25.5% and 16.7%, while also assessing wind speed bias. The GTMY is validated across 18 ground stations in a geographically compact yet topographically diverse subtropical island region with coastal plains, and mountainous terrain, providing rigorous testbed representative of many mid- and low-latitude regions worldwide. Results show high spatial and temporal agreement with long-term observations, with an annual average GHI difference of +14 kWh/m<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>. PV performance modeling based on GTMY inputs yields spatially realistic solar energy yield maps. The demonstrated robustness of this framework under heterogeneous conditions highlights its broad applicability to other regions with complex geophysical characteristics. This research provides a scalable and transferable solution for accurate solar resource assessment and supports adaptive infrastructure planning under both current and future climate conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 124512"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renewable EnergyPub Date : 2025-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.124497
Yan Yan , Shihao Li , Shuangxi Zheng , Yongqi Zhou , Jianglong Yu , Wei Wei , Zhonghua Ni
{"title":"A boil-off gas control scheme for liquid hydrogen transportation in smart zero carbon emission cities: Risk assessment framework and release control system","authors":"Yan Yan , Shihao Li , Shuangxi Zheng , Yongqi Zhou , Jianglong Yu , Wei Wei , Zhonghua Ni","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen generated and liquefied by surplus renewable electricity from solar and wind serves as an ideal energy carrier, also enabling the development of zero-carbon cities. However, large-scale liquid hydrogen (LH<sub>2</sub>) delivery introduces new safety challenges, where automatic control of boil-off gas (BOG) release is essential to ensure secure transport. In smart cities, where infrastructure is highly digitized and data acquisition is well established, such control becomes feasible.</div><div>This study proposes a novel control scheme for LH<sub>2</sub> BOG management that integrates real-time risk assessment, proactive release control, and intelligent decision-making. It combines Fermatean fuzzy linguistic modeling with IoT and GIS data, using onboard devices to evaluate risks and safely release BOG when needed.</div><div>A case study on a 1173.7 km cross-regional transport route in China demonstrates the framework's validity. Among 643 waypoints analyzed, 5.3 % were identified as “Prohibited” due to high risk. The scheme successfully avoided high-risk area and eliminated uncontrolled BOG releasing compared to passive-only systems.</div><div>By ensuring safety and efficiency of renewable hydrogen, this work supports the secure integration of hydrogen into future urban energy systems. The framework also lays foundation for data-informed infrastructure planning and contributes to the realization of smart zero-carbon society.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 124497"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145204174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renewable EnergyPub Date : 2025-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.124479
Markus Salmelin , Araavind Sridhar , Hannu Karjunen , Samuli Honkapuro , Jukka Lassila
{"title":"Optimizing wind farm locations for revenue and reduced electricity costs in deregulated electricity markets","authors":"Markus Salmelin , Araavind Sridhar , Hannu Karjunen , Samuli Honkapuro , Jukka Lassila","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.124479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With an increasing share of renewable power in the energy mix, planning of new renewable energy production sites becomes increasingly important. Having geographically highly centralized generation leads to overlapping peaks in generation, which are directly seen in the day-ahead markets as increasing electricity price volatility. By analyzing the impact of added generation on day-ahead prices, optimal sites can be identified that maximize investor revenue and societal savings, helping reduce regional disparities in development. This paper uses wind power estimates based on ERA5 global weather data, together with NordPool price data, to evaluate optimal sites for a new wind farm. The paper discusses the value of dispersed generation and co-planning of future wind farm installations. Cannibalization of the day-ahead market price due to centralized generation is addressed, and it is found that additional wind power capacity in high-capacity areas could cannibalize revenue by 9 €/MWh. The results from the applied methodology show that there are areas where it is possible to generate high revenue while simultaneously providing society great benefit in reduced electricity price for energy users in the day ahead-markets of on average 1.1–1.4 €/MWh over the whole year.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":419,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 124479"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}