ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications最新文献

{"title":"[Paper] Estimation of Flexoelectric Coefficients by Means of Transmission Phase Difference of Nematic Liquid Crystal Cells","authors":"M. Kimura, Daiki Fujiwara, Ryuga Ueno, Daiki Katsube","doi":"10.3169/mta.9.189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3169/mta.9.189","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41874,"journal":{"name":"ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69653292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Paper] Evaluation and Analysis of Light Diffraction from One-dimensional Liquid Crystal Devices Using Pixel Pitches more than 1 μm","authors":"Junichi Shibasaki, K. Aoshima, S. Aso, N. Funabashi, T. Ishinabe, Y. Shibata, H. Fujikake, K. Machida","doi":"10.3169/mta.9.240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3169/mta.9.240","url":null,"abstract":"Holography has attracted attention because of its potential for ultimate three-dimensional (3D) display capability. It can physically reconstruct the same light from an object and satisfies all visual cues for autostereoscopic vision, such as motion parallax, binocular disparity, vergence and accommodation. Moreover, it enables natural autostereoscopic displays [1-4]. 3D holographic images are reconstructed from hologram patterns displayed on a spatial light modulator (SLM). However, the pixel pitch of conventional SLMs may not be sufficiently small for holography images with a wide viewing zone angle. The viewing zone angle is described by the equation, θ = 2 sin–1 (λ/2p), where λ is the light wavelength and p is the pixel pitch of the display [5]. The latest commercial SLMs with a 3 μm pixel pitch generate 3D holographic images with a narrow viewing zone angle of 12° for displays [6]. An SLM with narrow pixel pitch of < 1 μm is required to realize a viewing zone angle wider than 30°, which may open up a new application (e.g., a personal terminal with 3D holographic images) [3]. Liquid crystal (LC) devices with a narrow pixel-pitch have recently been actively studied for holographic applications for smaller crosstalk with dielectric wall structures [7-10]. The pixel structure of LC SLMs is very simple having electrodes and LC layers compared to the pixel structure of DMD having electrodes, micromirrors and some mechanical systems to control micromirrors [21, 22]. This simple structure is very important for the high applicability for narrow pixel pitch. Isomae et al. showed that ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) could achieve a higher resolution compared to nematic liquid crystal (NLC) with narrow pixel pitches [8]. Chida et al. have showed that blurring the black/white pixel boundaries affects the decrease of the first-order diffraction efficiency on simulations with NLC devices [10]. The first-order diffraction efficiency is one of the most important factors for the quality of 3D holographic images. Thus, the quantitative evaluation of the firstorder diffraction efficiency of the FLC device with almost 1 μm pixel pitch is very important for SLM devices in 3D holographic displays. The first-order diffraction efficiency is one of the most important factors for the quality of 3D holographic images. So the light diffraction Abstract We compare the diffraction characteristics of ferroelectric (FLC) and nematic liquid crystal (NLC) devices with one-dimensional stripe patterns of 1–10 μm pixel pitches. The polarizing micrographs show pixel boundaries of black/white pixels blur as the pixel pitch becomes smaller. The blur of NLC is more remarkable than that of FLC. The first-order diffraction efficiency of NLC remains constant for the pixel pitch of 4–10 μm and sharply decreases for the pixel pitch of < 2 μm. By contrast, the FLC efficiency decreases with the pixel pitch decrease from 10 to 4 μm and remains constant for the pixel pitch of < 3 μm. The ","PeriodicalId":41874,"journal":{"name":"ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69653451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Paper] A Method for Player Importance Prediction from Player Network Using Gaze Position Estimated by LSTM","authors":"Genki Suzuki, Sho Takahashi, Takahiro Ogawa, M. Haseyama","doi":"10.3169/mta.8.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3169/mta.8.151","url":null,"abstract":"A novel method for player importance prediction from a player network using gaze positions estimated by Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) in soccer videos is presented in this paper. By newly using an estimation model of gaze positions trained by gaze tracking data of experienced persons, it is expected that the importance of each player can be predicted. First, we generate a player network by utilizing the estimated gaze positions and first-arrival regions representing players’ connections, e.g., passes between players. The gaze positions are estimated by LSTM that is newly trained from the gaze tracking data of experienced persons. Second, the proposed method predicts the importance of each player by applying the Hypertext Induced Topic Selection (HITS) algorithm to the constructed network. Consequently, prediction of the importance of each player based on soccer tactic knowledge of experienced persons can be realized without constantly obtaining gaze","PeriodicalId":41874,"journal":{"name":"ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46597515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Paper] Lossless Color Image Coding Based on Probability Model Optimization Utilizing Example Search and Adaptive Prediction","authors":"Kyohei Unno, Yusuke Kameda, I. Matsuda, S. Itoh, S. Naito","doi":"10.3169/mta.8.132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3169/mta.8.132","url":null,"abstract":"We previously proposed a novel lossless coding method that utilizes example search and adaptive prediction within a framework of probability model optimization for gray-scale images. In this paper, we extend the method for RGB 4:4:4 formatted color images. In the proposed method, multiple examples are collected from the causal area in not only the same color signal to be encoded but also other color signals as far as they have already been encoded. Moreover, multiple affine predictors trained on a pel-by-pel basis are also utilized to exploit intra- and inter-color correlations. The probability distribution of the color signal at each pel is dynamically modeled by using both examples and predictors. Then a few parameters used in the probability model are numerically optimized for efficient entropy coding. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves better coding performance than other state-of-the-art lossless coding methods.","PeriodicalId":41874,"journal":{"name":"ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69651111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Paper] A Full-HD Super-Multiview Display Based on Adaptive Time-Division Multiplexing Parallax Barrier","authors":"Yuta Watanabe, H. Kakeya","doi":"10.3169/mta.8.230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3169/mta.8.230","url":null,"abstract":"In the conventional stereoscopy, two different images with binocular parallax are shown to each eye, where binocular vergence is induced in front of or behind the screen, while focal accommodation is always adjusted to the screen. This vergence-accommodation conflict often causes eye fatigue of the viewer. Super-multiview displays have been proposed as one of the solutions to this problem 1)-4). Super-multiview displays project multiple light rays to the pupil. When two or more rays are projected onto the retina, focal accommodation is induced to the stereo image so that the image on the retina may not be a double image. To realize a practical super-multiview display, a huge number of views are required to be displayed to cover a wide viewing zone. To overcome this problem, Takaki et al. have proposed a system to generate light field only around the tracked eye positions 5). However, the resolution of the presented image decreases because it is based on spatial multiplexing using a lenticular lens. Recently, several autostereoscopic displays that attain full resolution of the display panel have been proposed. One solution is time-division multiplexing parallax barrier 6)-7), where half of the resolution of each view is shown in one frame, while the other half is shown in the other frame by shifting the phase of the barrier and the image pattern. To suppress perceived flickers, 120 Hz refresh rate is necessary to ensure that each eye sees the full resolution image at 60 Hz. In addition, headtracking technology solves the problem of limited viewing zone 8)-11). By monitoring the position of the observer, the image or the barrier pattern is adjusted accordingly to move the viewing zone so that it may always follow the position of the observer to maintain autostereoscopy. To reduce crosstalk, Zhang et al. have proposed timedivision quadruplexing parallax barrier 12)-15). In this system the same image is delivered to two of the four viewpoints, which suppresses emergence of crosstalk when each of the viewer's eyes is positioned between the two viewpoints corresponding the same image. In this paper we propose a full-HD super-multiview display based on adaptive time-division parallax barrier and report the results of experiments to measure the focusing of human eyes to the time-multiplexing supermultiview display. Abstract This paper proposes a super-multiview autostereoscopic display with a full HD resolution. A supermultiview display, where multiple views are generated around the eyes to stimulate focal accommodation, requires generation of images for many viewpoints. When we apply time-division multiplexing, the number of views can be increased without losing spatial resolutions, while flickers stand out as the number of time-division increases. To attain more views with the same refresh rate, we set two LCD panels so that they may face the opposite directions. In this way, the order of color filter is reversed and the light rays of different colors ","PeriodicalId":41874,"journal":{"name":"ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69651895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Paper] The Effect of MMT AL-FEC on QoE of Error-Concealed Video Streaming","authors":"Toshiro Nunome","doi":"10.3169/mta.8.186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3169/mta.8.186","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we assess subjective QoE (Quality of Experience) and objective application-level QoS (Quality of Service) of video IP transmission with error concealment mechanisms of H.264/AVC and AL-FEC (Application-Level Forward Error Correction) of MMT (MPEG Media Transport), which is an application-level protocol for video transmission. The mutual effect is expected to realize more efficient video streaming from a QoE point of view. The experiment treats two contents, two types of the number of slices per picture frame, and two types of the total bitrate of video and its FEC code. We experiment with several load conditions. We then compare FEC schemes with three code rate values and no FEC scheme. We show from the assessment results that the appropriate code rate for QoE enhancement depends on not only network conditions but also contents.","PeriodicalId":41874,"journal":{"name":"ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69651032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Paper] Formation of Microscopic Polymer Structure in LCs by Patterned UV Irradiation using Polymerization Inhibitor","authors":"T. Ishinabe, S. Matsuoka, Y. Shibata, H. Fujikake","doi":"10.3169/mta.8.196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3169/mta.8.196","url":null,"abstract":"We controlled the fine-pitch polymer aggregation in liquid crystals (LCs) two-dimensionally via patterned ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, where a photomask was used to precisely control the light distribution. The combination of high-intensity UV light and a polymerization inhibitor suppressed polymerization in the masked area, and improved the uniformity of LC alignment between fine-pitch polymer structures. We were able to electrically control the diffraction patterns of polymer-dispersed LCs.","PeriodicalId":41874,"journal":{"name":"ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69651188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Paper] High-speed Tunable Multi-Bandpass Filter for Real-time Spectral Imaging using Blue Phase Liquid Crystal Etalon","authors":"Kosuke Shinatake, T. Ishinabe, Y. Shibata, H. Fujikake","doi":"10.3169/mta.8.202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3169/mta.8.202","url":null,"abstract":"We developed a high-speed, electrically tunable multi-bandpass filter using a polymer-stabilized blue-phase liquid crystal etalon and a narrowband multi-bandpass interference filter, for use in real-time multi-spectral imaging systems. We show theoretically that the filter exhibits high-level transmittance ( ≥ 80%) by using an Ag film as the reflective film used in the etalon. We confirmed that the filter allows for high-speed switching of the transmitted wavelength; the response time is about 1 ms. The filter enables high-transmittance, high-speed spectroscopy. Therefore, high-sensitivity real-time multi-spectral imaging at a frame rate of 60 fps or more can be expected in the future.","PeriodicalId":41874,"journal":{"name":"ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69651246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Paper] Multiple Human Tracking with Alternately Updating Trajectories and Multi-Frame Action Features","authors":"Hitoshi Nishimura, K. Tasaka, Yasutomo Kawanishi, H. Murase","doi":"10.3169/mta.8.269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3169/mta.8.269","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a multiple human tracking method with alternately updating trajectories and multiframe action features (MHT-MAF). Even though occlusion or motion blur occurs due to the sudden movement of the drone, ID switches are prevented by the stable MAF. In the experiments, we verified the effectiveness of the proposed method using the Okutama-Action dataset. Our code is available online (https://github.com/hitottiez/mht-paf).","PeriodicalId":41874,"journal":{"name":"ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69651765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Paper] Systematic Investigation of Molecular Structure of Nematic-phase Liquid Crystals for Reduction of Dielectric Loss in Microwave Control Applications","authors":"Y. Murakami, Y. Shibata, Hiroyasu Sato, T. Ishinabe, Qiang Chen, H. Fujikake","doi":"10.3169/mta.8.218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3169/mta.8.218","url":null,"abstract":"For realization of phase shifting using a liquid crystal (LC) that can continuously control the phase of microwaves, we evaluated the relationship between the molecular structure of the LC, which assumes a nematic phase at room temperature, and the dielectric loss in microwave frequency. The results indicated that the LC has a rigid molecular structure, has fluorine as a polar group, and is in a low temperature, leading to lower dielectric loss. From these results, we considered that dielectric loss can be reduced by suppression of the thermal vibration of LC molecules under microwave exposure.","PeriodicalId":41874,"journal":{"name":"ITE Transactions on Media Technology and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69651778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}