{"title":"Art in the ‘big print’: An examination and exercises for cinematic prose writing style","authors":"Russell Brickey","doi":"10.1386/josc_00061_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/josc_00061_1","url":null,"abstract":"Guides to writing screenplays worry most about plot sequence, character development and the dialogue. Yet, the ‘big print’ is a necessary part of any screenplay and as an educator I work with my screenwriting students to learn how to craft the big print so it is both powerful\u0000 and minimal. This article is an examination of the art and style of screenplay prose; in particular, I use the screenplays of Arac Attack (released as Eight Legged Freaks), Aliens and Platoon as distinctive examples of diegetic writing in order to illustrate variations\u0000 of style and how these affect the progress of the script and further, how the encumbering big print forecasts the overall tonal choices of the film. Each style discussed (minimalist, poetic/expansive and florid/expressionistic) is accompanied by suggestions for classroom or independent-study\u0000 exercises meant to help develop movie writing style. Too long has the screenplay been seen simply as a blueprint for the final film; it is now time to begin appreciating the art of the written word in screenplay studies.","PeriodicalId":41719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Screenwriting","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48626344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial","authors":"Craig Batty","doi":"10.1386/josc_00055_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/josc_00055_2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Screenwriting","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47876341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Theme orientation and the inevitable outcome of structural flaws: Investigating the results of the dominance of theme over action in Farhadi’s The Salesman","authors":"Shahryar Sadeqy, Masoud Naghashzadeh","doi":"10.1386/josc_00058_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/josc_00058_1","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we discuss the importance of unity in the feature film script and the mechanism of its development based on the two elements of dramatic action and theme. We investigate the consequences of prioritizing theme over the action on the foundation of the dramatic structure\u0000 of the screenplay, considering one of the most famous Iranian films, Asghar Farhadi’s The Salesman (2016), the winner of the best screenplay at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival. In any form of drama, the chain of actions leads to a specific theme, and the theme in turn directs this\u0000 chain. Therefore, to create an organic structure, the balanced development of action and theme is essential. Manipulating this balance in favour of highlighting the theme, and understanding the chain of actions based on the theme weakens the logical relationship of the actions as well as the\u0000 dramatic structure, ultimately turning some actions into redundancies that can be eliminated. The study shows that in The Salesman’s screenplay, through prioritizing the theme over the action and disrupting the natural process of perceiving the theme from the chain of actions,\u0000 a structure is created in which the presence of some actions are only justified by referring to the theme. Therefore, a number of events/scenes in the screenplay can be omitted without interfering with the unity of the narrative and the formation and expression of the theme. As a result, prioritizing\u0000 the theme over the action in the foundation of the script inevitably leads to a flawed structure.","PeriodicalId":41719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Screenwriting","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42209998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Screenwriting research in Australia: A truncated (pre)history","authors":"Steven Maras","doi":"10.1386/josc_00059_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/josc_00059_1","url":null,"abstract":"Recent years have seen a growing interest in the history of fields of study and academic disciplines. While recognizing a number of limitations, this article explores the emergence of screenwriting research in Australia. It addresses the question of what were the cultural conditions\u0000 that gave rise to contemporary screenwriting research in Australia. The article discusses three key factors: firstly, long-standing policy settings around cultural identity and content in film and television; secondly, active debates around ‘screen culture’ that have given discussions\u0000 of the place of culture and story special prominence and contributed to awareness of questions of cultural ‘value’, and conventional separations of production and consumption; thirdly, the rise of film studies in the 1970s, which gave ferment to research into narrative and story\u0000 forms. My goal is to capture some of the contextual features that are important to an understanding of screenwriting research in this period and geography, and to suggest that screenwriting research emerged as intellectual attitude and area of interest that eventually crystallized as part\u0000 of a more formalized arena of study in the later 2000s.","PeriodicalId":41719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Screenwriting","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49612622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The not so universal hero’s journey","authors":"G. Hambly","doi":"10.1386/josc_00056_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/josc_00056_1","url":null,"abstract":"Since the 1990s, Joseph Campbell’s research into mythology has become a cornerstone of the most influential and deeply entrenched model of screenwriting practised and taught internationally. Campbell’s finding that the quest myth, the hero’s journey, is ubiquitous\u0000 around the globe, across human time, and therefore universal is constantly cited to prove the universality of what Robert McKee calls ‘classical design’; the story of a protagonist facing obstacles in pursuit of a goal. However, a close analysis of three of the myths and rituals,\u0000 which Campbell cites to prove his theory, demonstrate he misinterpreted the meaning of the myths. Knowingly or not, he projected Anglo-Western storytelling and cultural values onto Indigenous mythic narratives, which in fact have very different storytelling norms and serve a very different\u0000 purpose to the individualistic striving for self-fulfilment which he identified. Given this, it is time for practitioners and teachers to stop claiming that the hero’s journey and by default classical design are universal. Given the current struggle for inclusion of diverse, multi-cultural\u0000 and marginalized voices into mainstream storytelling, this corrective is well overdue.","PeriodicalId":41719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Screenwriting","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41257464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Meeting old friends for the first time: A personal reflection on the development of the Screenwriting Research Network","authors":"Ian W. Macdonald","doi":"10.1386/josc_00060_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/josc_00060_1","url":null,"abstract":"A personal reflection on the origins and development of the Screenwriting Research Network, and of the discipline of screenwriting studies, from 2008‐20.","PeriodicalId":41719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Screenwriting","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45736576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Creating Australian Television Drama: A Screenwriting History, Susan Lever (2020)","authors":"Philippa Burne","doi":"10.1386/josc_00062_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/josc_00062_5","url":null,"abstract":"Review of: Creating Australian Television Drama: A Screenwriting History, Susan Lever (2020)North Melbourne: Australian Scholarly Publishing, 282 pp.,ISBN 978-1-92598-488-0, p/bk, AUD 39.95","PeriodicalId":41719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Screenwriting","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43609470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Renegotiating the screenplay: Drawing as a method for narrative development in a short film","authors":"Welby Ings","doi":"10.1386/josc_00057_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/josc_00057_1","url":null,"abstract":"This article considers a non-written form of screenplay. In so doing, it illustrates a trajectory of thinking where drawing methods were employed in the development of a cinematic narrative. These visual approaches replaced creative processing normally associated with writing. In discussing\u0000 the author’s short film Sparrow, the exposition examines three processes. The first method, gestational drawing, was employed as a ‘story finding’ device. The second, immersive drawing, was used to refine thematic intensity in the work. Finally, directorial drawing\u0000 was employed as a catalyst for discussion when collaborating with actors and production crew. In discussing these drawing methods, the article proposes the concept of ‘screenplay’ as a verb and an active space where a developer of cinematic narratives might work beyond the parameters\u0000 of writing, to ideate, refine and artistically compose image-led, cinematic narratives.","PeriodicalId":41719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Screenwriting","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41435723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Modernist Screenplay: Experimental Writing for the Silent Film, Alexandra Ksenofontova (2020)","authors":"Lee Lowry","doi":"10.1386/josc_00063_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/josc_00063_5","url":null,"abstract":"Review of: The Modernist Screenplay: Experimental Writing for the Silent Film, Alexandra Ksenofontova (2020)Cham: Springer International Publishing AG, 249 pp.,ISBN 978-3-03050-589-9, h/bk, USD 109.99","PeriodicalId":41719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Screenwriting","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46257649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Language and Television Series: A Linguistic Approach to TV Dialogue, Monika Bednarek (2018)","authors":"Xiaoyi Yang, Yuan Ping","doi":"10.1386/josc_00064_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/josc_00064_5","url":null,"abstract":"Review of: Language and Television Series: A Linguistic Approach to TV Dialogue, Monika Bednarek (2018)Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, xvi + 304 pp.,ISBN 978-1-10855-955-3, ebk, USD 32.00","PeriodicalId":41719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Screenwriting","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44468221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}