Progress in Surface Science最新文献

{"title":"Two-dimensional functional molecular nanoarchitectures – Complementary investigations with scanning tunneling microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy","authors":"Florian Klappenberger","doi":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.10.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Functional molecular nanoarchitectures (FMNs) are highly relevant for the development of future nanotechnology devices. Profound knowledge about the atomically controlled construction of such nanoscale assemblies is an indispensable requirement to render the implementation of such components into a real product successful. For exploiting their full potential the architectures’ functionalities have to be characterized in detail including the ways to tailor them. In recent years a plethora of sophisticated constructs were fabricated touching a wide range of research topics.</p><p>The present review summarizes important achievements of bottom-up fabricated, molecular nanostructures created on single crystal metal surfaces under ultra-high vacuum conditions. This selection focuses on examples where self-assembly mechanisms played a central role for their construction. Such systems, though typically quite complex, can be comprehensively understood by the STM+XS approach combining scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) with X-ray spectroscopy (XS) and being aided in the atomic interpretation by the appropriate theoretic analysis, often from density functional theory. The symbiosis of the techniques is especially fruitful because of the complementary character of the information accessed by the local microscopy and the space-averaging spectroscopy tools. STM delivers sub-molecular spatial-resolution, but suffers from limited sensitivity for the chemical and conformational states of the building-blocks. XS compensates these weaknesses with element- and moiety-specific data, which in turn would be hard to interpret with respect to structure formation without the topographic details revealed by STM. The united merit of this methodology allows detailed geometric information to be obtained and addresses both the electronic and chemical state of the complex organic species constituting such architectures. Thus, possible changes induced by the various processes such as surface interaction, thermal annealing, or molecular recognition can be followed with unprecedented level of detail.</p><p>The well-understood nanoarchitecture construction protocols often rely on the ‘classic’ supramolecular interactions, namely hydrogen bonding and metal-organic coordination. Further examples include rarely encountered special cases where substrate-mediated processes or repulsive forces drive the emergence of order. The demonstrated functionalities include tuning of the electronic structure by confining surface state electrons and atomically defined arrays of magnetic complexes. Moreover, the high-quality templates can be utilized for imposing novel thin film growth modes or act as basic constituents of nanoswitches. Finally, the aptitude of the STM+XS approach for the emerging field of creating nanoarchitectures by on-surface covalent coupling is addressed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":416,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Surface Science","volume":"89 1","pages":"Pages 1-55"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.10.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2679918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Site characteristics in metal organic frameworks for gas adsorption","authors":"Alper Uzun ,&nbsp;Seda Keskin","doi":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Metal organic frameworks<span> (MOFs) are a new class of nanoporous materials that have many potential advantages over traditional nanoporous materials for several chemical technologies including gas adsorption, catalysis, membrane-based gas separation, sensing, and biomedical devices. Knowledge on the interaction of guest molecules with the MOF surface is required to design and develop these MOF-based processes. In this review, we examine the importance of identification </span></span>of gas adsorption<span> sites in MOFs using the current state-of-the-art in experiments and computational modeling. This review provides guidelines to design new MOFs with useful surface properties that exhibit desired performances, such as high gas storage capacity, and high gas </span></span>selectivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":416,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Surface Science","volume":"89 1","pages":"Pages 56-79"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.11.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2399927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Auger neutralization and ionization processes for charge exchange between slow noble gas atoms and solid surfaces","authors":"R. Carmina Monreal","doi":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2014.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progsurf.2014.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Electron and energy transfer processes<span> between an atom or molecule and a surface are extremely important for many applications in physics and </span></span>chemistry<span><span><span>. Therefore a profound understanding of these processes is essential in order to analyze a large variety of physical systems. The microscopic description of the two-electron Auger processes, leading to neutralization/ionization of an ion/neutral atom in front of a </span>solid surface, has been a long-standing problem. It can be dated back to the 1950s when H.D. Hagstrum proposed to use the information contained in the spectrum of the electrons emitted during the neutralization of slow </span>noble gas<span> ions as a surface analytical tool complementing photoelectron spectroscopy. However, only recently a comprehensive description of the Auger neutralization mechanism has been achieved by the combined efforts of theoretical and experimental methods. In this article we review the theoretical models for this problem, stressing how their outcome compare with experimental results. We also analyze the inverse problem of Auger ionization. We emphasize the understanding of the key quantities governing the processes and outline the challenges remaining. This opens new perspectives for future developments of theoretical and experimental work in this field.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":416,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Surface Science","volume":"89 1","pages":"Pages 80-125"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.progsurf.2014.01.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2679916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Realistic multisite lattice-gas modeling and KMC simulation of catalytic surface reactions: Kinetics and multiscale spatial behavior for CO-oxidation on metal (1 0 0) surfaces","authors":"Da-Jiang Liu ,&nbsp;James W. Evans","doi":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.10.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;A realistic molecular-level description of catalytic reactions on single-crystal metal surfaces can be provided by stochastic multisite lattice-gas (msLG) models. This approach has general applicability, although in this report, we will focus on the example of CO-oxidation on the unreconstructed fcc metal (1&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0) or M(1&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0) surfaces of common catalyst metals M&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;Pd, Rh, Pt and Ir (i.e., avoiding regimes where Pt and Ir reconstruct). These models can capture the thermodynamics and kinetics of adsorbed layers for the individual reactants species, such as CO/M(1&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0) and O/M(1&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0), as well as the interaction and reaction between different reactant species in mixed adlayers, such as (CO&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;+&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;O)/M(1&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0). The msLG models allow population of any of hollow, bridge, and top sites. This enables a more flexible and realistic description of adsorption and adlayer ordering, as well as of reaction configurations and configuration-dependent barriers. Adspecies adsorption and interaction energies, as well as barriers for various processes, constitute key model input. The choice of these energies is guided by experimental observations, as well as by extensive Density Functional Theory analysis. Model behavior is assessed via Kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulation. We also address the simulation challenges and theoretical ramifications associated with very rapid diffusion and local equilibration of reactant adspecies such as CO.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;These msLG models are applied to describe adsorption, ordering, and temperature programmed desorption (TPD) for individual CO/M(1&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0) and O/M(1&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0) reactant adlayers. In addition, they are also applied to predict mixed (CO&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;+&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;O)/M(1&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0) adlayer structure on the nanoscale, the complete bifurcation diagram for reactive steady-states under continuous flow conditions, temperature programmed reaction (TPR) spectra, and titration reactions for the CO-oxidation reaction. Extensive and reasonably successful comparison of model predictions is made with experimental data. Furthermore, we discuss the possible transition from traditional mean-field-type bistability and reaction kinetics for lower-pressure to multistability and enhanced fluctuation effects for moderate- or higher-pressure. Behavior in the latter regime reflects a stronger influence of adspecies interactions and also lower diffusivity in the higher-coverage mixed adlayer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We also analyze mesoscale spatiotemporal behavior including the propagation of reaction–diffusion fronts between bistable reactive and inactive states, and associated nucleation-mediated transitions between these states. This behavior is controlled by complex surface mass transport processes, specifically chemical diffusion in mixed reactant adlayers for which we provide a precise th","PeriodicalId":416,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Surface Science","volume":"88 4","pages":"Pages 393-521"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.10.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2120073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The thermal near-field: Coherence, spectroscopy, heat-transfer, and optical forces","authors":"Andrew C. Jones,&nbsp;Brian T. O’Callahan,&nbsp;Honghua U. Yang,&nbsp;Markus B. Raschke","doi":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.07.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>One of the most universal physical processes shared by all matter at finite temperature is the emission of </span>thermal radiation<span><span>. The experimental characterization and theoretical description of far-field black-body radiation was a cornerstone in the development of modern physics with the groundbreaking contributions from Gustav Kirchhoff and Max Planck. With its origin in thermally driven fluctuations of the charge carriers, thermal radiation reflects the resonant and non-resonant </span>dielectric properties of media, which is the basis for far-field </span></span>thermal emission<span> spectroscopy. However, associated with the underlying fluctuating optical source polarization are fundamentally distinct spectral, spatial, resonant, and coherence properties of the evanescent thermal near-field. These properties have been recently predicted theoretically and characterized experimentally for systems with thermally excited molecular, surface plasmon<span><span> polariton (SPP), and surface </span>phonon polariton (SPhP) resonances.</span></span></p><p><span>We review, starting with the early historical developments, the emergence of theoretical models, and the description of the thermal near-field based on the fluctuation–dissipation theory and in terms of the electromagnetic<span> local density of states<span> (EM-LDOS). We discuss the optical and spectroscopic characterization of distance dependence, magnitude, spectral distribution, and coherence of evanescent thermal fields. Scattering scanning near-field microscopy proved instrumental as an enabling technique for the investigations of several of these fundamental thermal near-field properties. We then discuss the role of thermal fields in nano-scale heat transfer and optical forces, and the correlation to the van der Waals, Casimir, and Casimir–Polder forces. We conclude with an outlook on the possibility of intrinsic and extrinsic resonant manipulation of optical forces, control of nano-scale radiative heat transfer with optical antennas and </span></span></span>metamaterials, and the use of thermal infrared near-field spectroscopy (TINS) for broadband chemical nano-spectroscopic imaging, where the thermally driven vibrational optical dipoles provide their own intrinsic light source.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":416,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Surface Science","volume":"88 4","pages":"Pages 349-392"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.07.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2679921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physisorption and ortho–para conversion of molecular hydrogen on solid surfaces","authors":"K. Fukutani,&nbsp;T. Sugimoto","doi":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Molecular hydrogen exists in nuclear-spin isomers of ortho and para species according to the total nuclear spin. These species are correlated to the rotational states with even and odd rotational quantum numbers because of the symmetry of the total wavefunction with respect to the permutation of the two nuclei. Although interconversion between the ortho and para states is extremely slow in an isolated state, the conversion is promoted in a physisorption state via interaction with surfaces of not only magnetic but also diamagnetic materials. In a physisorption state, the rotational motion of hydrogen molecules is modified due to the potential anisotropy. The physisorption properties and interconversion rate of the ortho and para hydrogen have recently been investigated on well-defined surfaces, which allow detailed comparison with theory. Furthermore, relative abundance of the ortho and para hydrogen in astronomical circumstances has been reported in recent years, which often shows a value out of equilibrium with the environment temperature. Physisorption and ortho–para conversion on the surfaces of interstellar media are expected to enable deeper understanding of astronomical phenomena. In this article, we review recent progress of experimental and theoretical studies on the physisorption and ortho–para conversion of molecular hydrogen and its relevance to the recent astronomical observation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":416,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Surface Science","volume":"88 4","pages":"Pages 279-348"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.09.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2679919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperbranched polyglycerols at the biointerface","authors":"Eli Moore ,&nbsp;Helmut Thissen ,&nbsp;Nicolas H. Voelcker","doi":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The control over biointerfacial interactions is the key to a broad range of biomedical applications, ranging from implantable devices to drug delivery and nanomedicine. In many of these applications, coatings are required that reduce or prevent non-specific interactions with the biological environment, while at the same time presenting specific bioactive signals. Whilst surface coatings based on polymers such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) have been used successfully, many limitations persist in regard to the biocompatibility, stability and functionality of state-of-the-art polymer coatings. Most of these limitations are related to the fact that, typically, linear polymers are used with associated limited chemical functionality. Here, we examine the development of hyperbranched polyglycerols (HPGs) as promising candidates for the replacement of traditional linear polymers, such as the chemically analogous PEG, for the control of biointerfacial interactions. HPGs are highly branched globular molecules that exhibit a high valency, allow easy access to a variety of functionalities and can present biologically active signals. In this review, a comprehensive overview is provided with respect to the history, synthetic strategies, modifications and applications of HPGs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":416,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Surface Science","volume":"88 3","pages":"Pages 213-236"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2013-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.03.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2065096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction of charged particles with insulating capillary targets – The guiding effect","authors":"Christoph Lemell ,&nbsp;Joachim Burgdörfer ,&nbsp;Friedrich Aumayr","doi":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The guiding of charged particles through microscopic and, more recently, also macroscopic capillaries is a remarkable effect discovered in 2002 by Stolterfoht and coworkers. After an initial charge-up phase, a beam of charged particles entering an insulating capillary can be effectively steered along the tilted capillary axis. The effect results from self-organized charge-up of the capillary wall which subsequently deflects ions electrostatically thereby inhibiting close collisions with the capillary walls. Indeed, in the case of multiply charged projectile ions the projectiles transmitted through the capillary keep their initial charge state indicating that the ions never touched the inner walls. We will review both the existing experimental data as well as theoretical models for this phenomenon and similar guiding processes for energetic charged particles collected over the past 10</span> <!-->years.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":416,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Surface Science","volume":"88 3","pages":"Pages 237-278"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2013-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.06.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2065097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth of whiskers from Sn surfaces: Driving forces and growth mechanisms","authors":"Eric Chason,&nbsp;Nitin Jadhav,&nbsp;Fei Pei,&nbsp;Eric Buchovecky,&nbsp;Allan Bower","doi":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sn whiskers are thin filaments that grow spontaneously out of the surface of coatings on Cu and have become a critical reliability problem in Pb-free electronics. In this review, we focus on what creates the driving force for whiskers (or more rounded “hillocks”), and what determines where on the surface they will form. Experimental studies are reviewed that quantify the relationship between the Cu–Sn intermetallic (IMC) formation, stress in the layer and whisker/hillock density. Measurements of the mechanical properties show how stress relaxation in the Sn layer is intimately related to how much stress develops due to the IMC formation. Real-time scanning electron microscope (SEM)/focused ion beam (FIB) studies are described that illustrate the whisker/hillock growth process in detail. Whiskers are found to grow out of a single grain on the surface with little lateral growth while hillock growth is accompanied by extensive grain growth and crystallite rotation. Electron-backscattering detection (EBSD) shows the grain structure around where the whiskers/hillocks form, indicating that whiskers can grow out of pre-existing grains and do not require the nucleation of new grains. This has led to a picture in which stress builds up due to IMC growth and causes whiskers/hillocks to form at “weak grains”, i.e., grains that have a stress relaxation mechanism that becomes active at a lower stress than its neighbors. FEA (finite element analysis) calculations are used to simulate the evolving stress and whisker growth for several different mechanisms that may lead to “weak” grains.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":416,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Surface Science","volume":"88 2","pages":"Pages 103-131"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2013-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.02.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2679920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manipulating the electronic and chemical properties of graphene via molecular functionalization","authors":"Hong Ying Mao ,&nbsp;Yun Hao Lu ,&nbsp;Jia Dan Lin ,&nbsp;Shu Zhong ,&nbsp;Andrew Thye Shen Wee ,&nbsp;Wei Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Graphene, a single atomic layer of sp²<span><span>-hybridized carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal structure and the Nobel winning material in 2010, has attracted extensive research attention in the last few years due to its outstanding physical, chemical, electrical, optical and mechanical properties. To further extend its potential applications, intensive research efforts have been devoted to the functionalization of graphene. Examples include improving graphene solubility by attaching different chemical functional groups to its basal plane, modulating the charge carrier type and concentration via surface transfer doping by coating it with various metals films or organic molecules, improving the bio-selectivity by decorating it with different π-conjugated organic molecules, and so on. Different methods have been developed to functionalize graphene. Among them, non-covalent molecular functionalization represents one of the most effective and promising methods. The extended π-conjugation is largely preserved without creating extensive structural defects on the graphene sheet, thereby retaining the high charge </span>carrier mobility<span>. In this review, a brief summary about different functionalization methods of graphene and its derivatives by covalent and non-covalent interactions will be presented, with particular focus on the non-covalent molecular functionalization. A broad review of the applications of non-covalently functionalized graphene and its derivatives will be presented in detail, including field-effect-transistors, organic optoelectronics, and molecular sensing.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":416,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Surface Science","volume":"88 2","pages":"Pages 132-159"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2013-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.progsurf.2013.02.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2120074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}