{"title":"Artifacts and the Academic Motivation of African American Male Athletes","authors":"E. Bailey, Rhema D. Fuller","doi":"10.15763/ISSN.2376-5267.2018.1.5.1-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15763/ISSN.2376-5267.2018.1.5.1-14","url":null,"abstract":"This study sought to examine to examine the academic motivations of African American male college athletes at a historically Black college and university (HBCU). Self-determination theory (SDT) was incorporated as the theoretical framework. Data were collected via artifacts from seven African American male college athletes at a HBCU in the mid-southern region of the United States. Explanation of the artifacts by the participants revealed that they were motivated by their family, their faith, and their resiliency. Findings, and their implications for research and practice, are discussed and presented.","PeriodicalId":416745,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Higher Education Athletics & Innovation","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130678689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Always the Bridesmaid and Never the Bride: Coaching in College Sports","authors":"Angela J. Hattery, M. Kiss, Earl Smith","doi":"10.15763/ISSN.2376-5267.2018.1.5.37-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15763/ISSN.2376-5267.2018.1.5.37-47","url":null,"abstract":"It has been well documented that Title IX opened up doors of opportunity for women to participate in sports at all levels. Similarly, players including Jackie Robinson and Sam “Bam” Cunningham paved the way for Black athletes to compete at all levels of sports. It is equally well documented that the world of college sports is, by and large, the world of white men. This paper examines the status of two “underrepresented groups” in college coaching and administration: women and Black men. Using Virginia as a case study, with references to NCAA data for comparison, our analysis reveals that despite increased participation for both women and Blacks, and the overall dominance of Black athletes in some sports, including basketball and track and field, in those same sports the majority of Black men and women are stalled at the ranks of assistant coach, never able to lead a team on their own, and never commanding the kinds of salaries associated with head coaches. Finally, the data in our case study demonstrate that football impacts opportunities for white women and Black men inversely. Cautiously we conclude in this research note by revealing that football increases some opportunities for Black men and suppresses some opportunities for white women.","PeriodicalId":416745,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Higher Education Athletics & Innovation","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132313828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Harrison, Scott J. Bukstein, W. Sutton, D. McArdle, Jessie R. Dickens, S. Lawrence
{"title":"A Qualitative Investigation of Academic and Athletic Brand Representations: Applying Lovemarks Theory to Cultural Symbol","authors":"C. Harrison, Scott J. Bukstein, W. Sutton, D. McArdle, Jessie R. Dickens, S. Lawrence","doi":"10.15763/ISSN.2376-5267.2018.1.5.15-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15763/ISSN.2376-5267.2018.1.5.15-36","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000 \u0000The current study applied Robert’s lovemarks theory of branding to interpret a photo-elicitation approach of two academic/athletic brand representations. Three major themes emerged from the participants (N = 88) in the study of the Thinkman logo image: a) Intellectual Enhancement; b) Athlete; and c) Hard Work. By eliciting responses from the participants (N = 75) regarding the term Scholar-Baller , the following three themes emerged: a) Amazing Scholar & Exceptional Athlete; b) Top Student; and c) Student-Athlete. The current findings indicate many of the participants responded favorably to the photo-elicitation of two academic/athletic terms and logos. The participants also critiqued both representations in the context of the broader and specific discourses about the student-athlete experience in American higher education. Implications and recommendations for scholars and practitioners are suggested.","PeriodicalId":416745,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Higher Education Athletics & Innovation","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130093465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does Gender Significantly Predict Academic, Athletic Career Motivation among NCAA Division I College Athletes","authors":"B. D. Ridpath, Margaret L. Tudor","doi":"10.15763/ISSN.2376-5267.2018.1.5.122-147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15763/ISSN.2376-5267.2018.1.5.122-147","url":null,"abstract":"American society has had college athletics at its core for over a century (Rader, 2009) and is ubiquitous in University life. College athletes’ performances both on and off the field have been scrutinized in both popular and academic literature. Other examples include the documentation in student development literature that meaningful engagement outside traditional classroom settings can have positive effects on a student’s (athlete or not) personal development (Pascarella & Terenzini, 2005). College athletes’ individual experiences have received considerable attention in the popular media and literature as the pressures to perform both athletically and academically are vast (Benford, 2007; Meyer, 2005). Previous studies have explored the athletic environment in terms of the emergence of leadership, team dynamics, team cohesion, and the motivational climate (Adie, Duda, & Ntoumanis, 2008; Allen, & Howe, 1998; Balaguer, Duda, & Crespo, 1999; Medic, Mack, Wilson, & Starkes, 2007; Tsang, 2007). Other studies have focused more on individual attributes such as motivation to perform and participate, perceived ability, perceived competence, personal satisfaction, enjoyment, and social status (Amorose, & Horn, 2001; Hollembeak, & Amorose, 2005; Reinboth, & Duda, 2004; Sheldon, & Eccles, 2005; Van-Yperen, & Duda, 1999). The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of gender (men’s vs. women’s sports) on motivation towards academics, athletics, and career choice. Data were gleaned from male and female athletes at one large Midwestern NCAA Division I University using the Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire-2 (PMCSQ-2) and the Student Athlete’s Motivation toward Sports and Academics Questionnaire (SAMSAQ). Data are discussed and analyzed using various statistical methods and using Harter’s (1978) theory of perceived competence and Nicholls (1984) perceived theory of motivational climate to answer the theorized research question and hypotheses.","PeriodicalId":416745,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Higher Education Athletics & Innovation","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133076260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mike Stocz, Nicholas Schlereth, Dax M. Crum, Alonzo Maestas, J. Barnes
{"title":"Student Athlete Compensation: An Alternative Compensation Model for All Athletes Competing in NCAA Athletics","authors":"Mike Stocz, Nicholas Schlereth, Dax M. Crum, Alonzo Maestas, J. Barnes","doi":"10.15763/ISSN.2376-5267.2018.1.5.82-101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15763/ISSN.2376-5267.2018.1.5.82-101","url":null,"abstract":"The Ed O’Bannon (O’Bannon v. National Collegiate Athletic Association, 2015) case has brought student athlete compensation to the national spotlight. While the NCAA continues to defend its policy of amateurism, the time for college athlete compensation may soon become a reality. College athlete compensation models have previously included a revenue sharing model similar to that of professional sports leagues. While this model was worthwhile, it only took into account basketball and football. The current paper will argue for a market-economy based compensation model. This model takes into account the revenues generated by each university team, while also accounting for a player and team’s performance. Justifications for this model will be explored, as this model will allows for various options for athlete compensation. This paper will conclude with an example of the model’s utility through using publically accessible data for a major Division-1 college program.","PeriodicalId":416745,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Higher Education Athletics & Innovation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125024610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eric A. Wood, Stephen W. Dittmore, S. Stokowski, Bo Li
{"title":"Division I Athletic Director Trends and Perceptions of Requisite Professional Skills","authors":"Eric A. Wood, Stephen W. Dittmore, S. Stokowski, Bo Li","doi":"10.15763/ISSN.2376-5267.2018.1.5.102-121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15763/ISSN.2376-5267.2018.1.5.102-121","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000The focus of this study was to understand perceptions of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I athletic director (ADs) skills and experiences and their relative importance to their current position. Division I ADs hold the highest position of authority in intercollegiate athletic departments at the highest level of competition in the NCAA (Swift, 2011). What once was seen as a job for retired coaches, has now transformed into a role that attracts some of the top executives both in and outside the sports industry (Belzer, 2015). Indeed, universities have begun to resemble a corporate culture, with ADs frequently considered to be CEOs of their department and the universities they serve (Hardin, Cooper & Huffman, 2013). Since much of the research on AD career paths has employed a content analysis methodology, examining biographies of ADs to establish patterns, (e.g., Fitzgerald, Sagaria, & Nelson, 1994; Hardin et al., 2013; Lumpkin, Achen & Hyland, 2015), the current study sought to understand ADs perceptions of requisite skills and experiences by directly surveying the group. Results indicate current ADs place a high emphasis on developing skills relative to revenue generation, fundraising and development, while considering internal experiences such as working with academic services and life skills not nearly as important.","PeriodicalId":416745,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Higher Education Athletics & Innovation","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115132115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessing the Case: A Review of the Book \"Court Justice\"","authors":"Daniel Montgomery","doi":"10.15763/ISSN.2376-5267.2018.1.5.148-151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15763/ISSN.2376-5267.2018.1.5.148-151","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":416745,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Higher Education Athletics & Innovation","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124983614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Examination of the Present and Predictions for the Future of Intercollegiate Athletics","authors":"James T. Morton, D. Pastore","doi":"10.15763/ISSN.2376-5267.2018.1.5.48-81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15763/ISSN.2376-5267.2018.1.5.48-81","url":null,"abstract":"This study forecasts future issues in NCAA Division I FBS intercollegiate athletics. The research design employed the Delphi technique to survey an expert panel, consisting of 12 athletic directors and associate athletic directors from FBS institutions, over three rounds to ascertain what issues are likely to occur over the next five to seven years and whether or not these issues will have a significant impact on the way intercollegiate athletics operates. \u0000Results of the study revealed eight issues that were likely to occur over the next five to seven years. Four of these issues related to the economic sector of the environment, one related to the legal sector, and three related to the sociocultural. Further, 14 of the issues were rated by the expert panel as having a significant level of impact if they were to occur. Recommendations are made based on the forecasts by the expert panel. ","PeriodicalId":416745,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Higher Education Athletics & Innovation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130776998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Creating Change in Intercollegiate Athletics: The Sexual Assault Prevention Paradigm for Athletic Departments","authors":"Kristy L McCray, S. Sutherland, D. Pastore","doi":"10.15763/ISSN.2376-5267.2018.1.4.25-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15763/ISSN.2376-5267.2018.1.4.25-53","url":null,"abstract":"In 2011, the Office for Civil Rights issued a “Dear Colleague Letter” instructing universities to take action regarding sexual assault on college campuses. Specifically, universities must better educate students on the prevention of sexual assault, in the hope of reducing violence against women. Previous research is mixed on the involvement of intercollegiate student-athletes in incidences of sexual assault; however, recent high-profile cases of sexual misconduct at universities indicate that student-athletes are not immune to this issue. The purpose of this study was to explore how sexual assault is viewed within the culture of intercollegiate athletics, including education, occurrence, and prevention. Through interviews with former intercollegiate athletes, three main findings emerged: (1) Participant Knowledge, (2) Sexual Assault Within the Context of College Athletics; and (3) Creating Change in Athletic Department Culture. Using grounded theory, these themes were combined to create the Sexual Assault Prevention Paradigm for Athletic Departments. ","PeriodicalId":416745,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Higher Education Athletics & Innovation","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131283905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Student-Athlete Career Development through Community Service: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Jack Martin","doi":"10.15763/ISSN.2376-5267.2018.1.4.1-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15763/ISSN.2376-5267.2018.1.4.1-24","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to examine, through a retrospective lens, the effects that collegiate community service has on the career development of student-athletes under the umbrella of functional motivation theory. To do so, researchers analyzed the career development of seven former Southeastern Conference (SEC) student-athletes who were awarded membership to the SEC Community Service team through both individual and team contributions. NCAA Division-I student-athletes face hindrances through time restraints but also have resources designed to enhance academic and vocational development, such as the National Collegiate Athletic Association’s Life Skills program (formerly CHAMPS). Through phone interviews focused on reflective collegiate community service and career development, several themes emerged. For collegiate community service the most common themes were: Service Settings, Current Service, and Time Restraints. For career development, the major themes were: Working with Diverse Groups, Scholarship and Admittance into Graduate Programs, and Career Choice/Personal Values. In analysis, the majority of the discovered themes align firmly with the National Association of College and Employer’s (NACE) career readiness competencies.","PeriodicalId":416745,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Higher Education Athletics & Innovation","volume":"212 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133056459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}