Always the Bridesmaid and Never the Bride: Coaching in College Sports

Angela J. Hattery, M. Kiss, Earl Smith
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Abstract

It has been well documented that Title IX opened up doors of opportunity for women to participate in sports at all levels. Similarly, players including Jackie Robinson and Sam “Bam” Cunningham paved the way for Black athletes to compete at all levels of sports.  It is equally well documented that the world of college sports is, by and large, the world of white men.  This paper examines the status of two “underrepresented groups” in college coaching and administration: women and Black men. Using Virginia as a case study, with references to NCAA data for comparison, our analysis reveals that despite increased participation for both women and Blacks, and the overall dominance of Black athletes in some sports, including basketball and track and field, in those same sports the majority of Black men and women are stalled at the ranks of assistant coach, never able to lead a team on their own, and never commanding the kinds of salaries associated with head coaches. Finally, the data in our case study demonstrate that football impacts opportunities for white women and Black men inversely.  Cautiously we conclude in this research note by revealing that football increases some opportunities for Black men and suppresses some opportunities for white women.
永远是伴娘,永远不是新娘:大学体育教练
有充分的证据表明,第九条为妇女参加各级体育运动打开了机会之门。同样,包括杰基·罗宾逊和萨姆·“巴姆”·坎宁安在内的球员也为黑人运动员参加各级别的体育比赛铺平了道路。同样有充分的证据表明,大学体育的世界基本上是白人男性的世界。本文考察了两个“代表性不足的群体”在大学教练和管理中的地位:女性和黑人男性。以维吉尼亚州为例,参考NCAA的数据进行比较,我们的分析显示,尽管女性和黑人的参与都有所增加,而且黑人运动员在篮球和田径等一些运动项目中总体上占主导地位,但在这些运动项目中,大多数黑人男女都止步于助理教练的行列,永远无法独立领导一支球队,也永远无法获得与主教练相关的那种薪水。最后,我们案例研究中的数据表明,足球对白人女性和黑人男性的机会影响是相反的。在这份研究报告中,我们谨慎地得出结论,足球增加了黑人男性的一些机会,抑制了白人女性的一些机会。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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