Pathologia最新文献

{"title":"The relationship between ferrokinetic parameters and the state of cardiac remodeling in patients with coronary artery disease with concomitant iron deficiency","authors":"M. O. Konovalova, N. Mykhailovska","doi":"10.14739/2310-1237.2023.1.275370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1237.2023.1.275370","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study: to assess the relationship between ferrokinetic parameters and the state of cardiac remodeling in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) depending on the stage of iron deficiency (ID).\u0000Materials and methods. The study involved 90 patients with CAD: stable angina pectoris II–III FC (35 men and 55 women, age – 69 (61; 72) years). All patients were divided into 4 clinical groups depending on the parameters of iron metabolism and hemogram: I (n = 16) – patients with absolute ID; II (n = 15) – with latent ID; III (n = 14) – with functional ID; IV (n = 45) – patients with CAD without iron metabolism disorders. The parameters of cardiac remodeling, iron metabolism and their relationship were analyzed.\u0000Results. During the analysis of ferrokinetic parameters, a decrease in transport (serum iron, transferrin saturation) and tissue (ferritin) reserve of iron on the background of an increase in the total and latent iron-binding capacity depending on the stage of sideropenia was established. At the same time, latent iron-binding capacity in patients with absolute ID was less by 43 % than in patients with latent ID. Patients with latent ID demonstrated a significantly higher level of transferrin saturation by 59.9 % than in the group of patients with CAD without concomitant ID. Patients with absolute ID, compared to patients without iron metabolism disorders, demonstrated significantly higher size of RAd by 14.18 % (U = 2.0; p < 0.05); increase EDVI of LV in 1.7 times (U = 4.0; p < 0.05); higher value of LV MI by 16 % (U = 17.0; p < 0.05). Also, patients with ferrokinetics disorders demonstrated a tendency to increase LVIDd, EDV LV, ESV LV, ESVI, LV mass, Ao, RAd, RVd, IVSd compared to patients without concomitant ID. For patients with absolute ID, it was established that there a relationship between the level of ferritin and IVSd (r = +0.84; p < 0.05); serum iron and LAd (r = -0.73; p < 0.05); total iron-binding capacity and Ao (r = -0.78; p < 0.05); latent iron-binding capacity and LVIDs (r = +0.71; p < 0.05). Patients with latent ID demonstrated relationships only between the transferrin saturation and LV MI (r = +0.60; p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant correlation relationships between indicators of iron metabolism and cardiac remodeling in patients with CAD and functional ID.\u0000Conclusions. The intensity of the processes of cardiac remodeling in patients with CAD and iron deficiency increases in direct proportion to the degree of progression of sideropenia, what is confirmed by the relevant correlation relationships.","PeriodicalId":41645,"journal":{"name":"Pathologia","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88342791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of prostaglandin E2 in the surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease","authors":"Ye. I. Haidarzhi","doi":"10.14739/2310-1237.2023.1.273146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1237.2023.1.273146","url":null,"abstract":"Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common gastroenterological diseases. Therefore, the issues of diagnosis and the most effective treatment of GERD are extremely relevant. Achieving a stable positive result of treatment is impossible without taking into account the pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of GERD. Particularly relevant are the little-studied issues of the influence of humoral factors on the development of GERD in the course of treatment. One of the interesting biologically active substances is prostaglandin E2, the possible involvement of which in the mechanisms of the development of GERD is insufficiently reported.\u0000The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of antireflux surgery on the level of prostaglandin E2 in blood serum and to verify that its changes after surgical treatment are associated with the decrease of gastroesophageal reflux and esophageal inflammation.\u0000Materials and methods. 35 patients were examined with GERD who underwent laparoscopic total antireflux fundoplication. There were 26 women (74.3 %) and 9 men (25.7 %). Their age is 55.3 ± 11.3. The control group consisted of 20 practically healthy people (women – 14 (70.0 %), men – 6 (30.0 %), average age – 56.7 ± 10.6).\u0000Immunoenzymatic analysis of prostaglandin E2 was performed in blood plasma, which was obtained according to a stan­dard method. Determination of prostaglandin E2 (Prostaglandin E2 ELISA, KGE004B, RnD Systems) was carried out by the immunoenzymatic method based on the use of the “sandwich“ variant of the solid-phase immunoenzymatic analysis. The procedure was carried out on the immunoenzyme complex ImmunoChem-2100 (USA) at the Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics in Zaporizhzhia State Medical University. Research on the level of prostaglandin E2 in the main group was carried out before surgical treatment and 2–3 months after surgery by taking venous blood and using the above test systems. Statistical evaluation of the research results was performed using the Statistica for Windows 13 software package (StatSoft Inc., No. JPZ804I382130ARCN10-J).\u0000Results. The level of prostaglandin E2 in the blood of practically healthy people was 16.7 ± 6.1 pg/ml. In the main group, the values of prostaglandin E2 before surgical treatment were 25.8 ± 5.7 pg/ml, after surgical treatment, they decreased to 13.5 ± 5.3 pg/ml. The detailed analysis of patients in the main group showed that the level of prostaglandin E2 did not differ statistically in different erosive forms of esophagitis, or CLE and NERD. But it is statistically different from the level of prostaglandin E2 in practically healthy individuals of the control group. The conducted correlation analysis indicated that the level of prostaglandin E2 did not depend on the duration of acid exposure in the esophagus, as well as on the severity of esophagitis or the presence of CLE.\u0000Conclusions. With effective surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease, a decrease in th","PeriodicalId":41645,"journal":{"name":"Pathologia","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84099079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stromal-vascular fraction of adipose tissue using in the repair of distal biceps tendon tears","authors":"M. S. Lisunov, M. L. Holovakha, M. O. Kozhemiaka","doi":"10.14739/2310-1237.2023.1.275264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1237.2023.1.275264","url":null,"abstract":"Distal biceps tendon rupture is most commonly found in working-age men, making the treatment terms and functional recovery level of significant socio-economic importance. Modern scientific research aims to minimize the number of complications, particularly recurrent ruptures. Attention is drawn to modern technologies aimed at stimulating regenerative processes, including the use of the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of abdominal adipose tissue. The article presents the results of the practical application of SVF in the surgical restoration of the distal biceps tendon of the shoulder. The aim of the study: to improve the results of surgical treatment of distal biceps tendon rupture, shorten recovery times and reduce the incidence of complications using stromal vascular fraction obtained from adipose tissue. Materials and methods. The study was carried out by evaluating the results of surgical restoration of the distal biceps tendon in 34 patients who were divided into 2 groups – with intraoperative introduction of SVF at the reattachment site (n = 14) and without it (n = 20). At follow-up examinations after 3 days, 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and 3 months, the results of the patients were evaluated using the VASH, DASH scales and the range of motion in the affected elbow joint was measured. In addition, a general blood analysis and quantitative determination of C-reactive protein were performed before the operation and at follow-up visits. Results. There was no difference in the level of C-reactive protein and the general blood analysis score between patients in both groups at all study time points. It was found that after 2 weeks, the VAS score was significantly lower in the study group. The DASH score on follow-up examinations after 2 and 6 weeks was significantly better in the study group. Also, at follow-up examinations after 2 and 6 weeks, a greater volume of supination movements was observed in the study group. Conclusions. The using of SVF did not lead to the development of postoperative complications. The using of SVF allowed the reduction of the recovery time and decreased in the incidence of complications, as well as improved functional outcomes.","PeriodicalId":41645,"journal":{"name":"Pathologia","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136044269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent genital arousal disorder: clinical, differential diagnostic and care aspects (clinical report)","authors":"V. V. Ogorenko, A. H. Kyrychenko, T. Y. Shusterman, V. O. Kokashynskyi, N. V. Tomakh","doi":"10.14739/2310-1237.2023.1.270216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1237.2023.1.270216","url":null,"abstract":"Persistent genital arousal disorder (PGAD) is a condition of persistent genital arousal, in the absence of a psychological component and organic pathology from the vascular, endocrine and nervous system. The aim of the study is to examine the symptoms, clinical picture, developmental dynamics, risk factors, and treatment for PGAD. Materials and methods. The clinical case of observation of PGAD in a 20-year-old female patient suffering from recurrent depressive disorder is presented. Methods included in clinical, psychopathological and psychodiagnostic examination have been with using the following techniques: Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Visual Analogue Scales of pain intensity (VAS). Results. As a result of collection of life and disease history, analysis of examination findings by related specialists and additional research methods of patient with PGAD the next diagnosis has been made according to the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision: Recurrent depressive disorder, current episode of moderate severity with somatic symptoms (F33.11). She has been treated with a number of drugs from the Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors group and mood stabilizers, the combination of sertraline and lamotrigine appeared the optimal treatment option. The results of the treatment have been satisfactory, the symptoms of PGAD have stopped bothering the patient, the emotional state has improved significantly. Conclusions. The case of the PGAD is presented. Clinical picture of the case turned out to be typical in comparison with the results of other researchers. The peculiarity is the possible association of symptoms with withdrawal of escitalopram. The case confirms the data upon the high suicidal risk in this disorder. The patient’s treatment requires intervention of different medical specialists to rule out organic pathology and using of multidisciplinary approach. Sertraline and lamotrigine appeared effective in the treatment of PGAD.","PeriodicalId":41645,"journal":{"name":"Pathologia","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136045847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern approaches to cervical cancer screening (a review)","authors":"M. Pavliuchenko, Y. Krut, V. H. Siusiuka, O. Deinichenko","doi":"10.14739/2310-1237.2023.1.264035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1237.2023.1.264035","url":null,"abstract":"The aim – systematization of data from modern scientific sources and own knowledge and experience regarding the problems, advantages and prospects of the development of various methods of diagnosing pathological conditions of the cervix.\u0000The relevance of the problem of cervical cancer is beyond doubt, which is confirmed by the annual data of the official statistics and recommendations of WHO, European experts and relevant national recommendations. The analysis and generalization of information from the specialized literature regarding the assessment of problems and prospects for the development of leading methods of cervical screening in order to reduce the number of cervical cancer cases in the world is a priority task of the expert society.\u0000Currently, the most recommended approach to cervical screening is to combine HPV testing with cytology but separate testing for HPV is the most promising. Colposcopy remains the only confirmatory method of diagnosing cervical pathology, subject to mandatory cervical biopsy and histopathological examination of the biopsy. Standardization of classifications and terminology in the assessment of cytological, histopathological and colposcopic conclusions will allow to reach an understanding in the issues of optimal management tactics for patients with cervical pathology.\u0000Conclusions. Diagnosis of high-risk carcinogenic types of human papillomavirus is the most promising method of cervical screening in the near future. At the same time, at the moment, we consider it appropriate to use the cytology together with HPV testing, at least as a sorting method. Standardization of cytological/histopathological terminology should be done in accordance with the Bethesda 2014 system update.","PeriodicalId":41645,"journal":{"name":"Pathologia","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79374195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduction of the risk of failure to achieve blood pressure control in patients with arterial hypertension and coronary heart disease: the role of quercetin","authors":"T. Solomenchuk, M. I. Prokosa, O. Y. Klymkovych","doi":"10.14739/2310-1237.2023.1.268435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1237.2023.1.268435","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Determine the effect of quercetin on predictors of not reaching target blood pressure (BP) levels in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and coronary heart disease (CHD).\u0000Materials and methods. 120 patients with stable coronary heart disease and hypertension of the II stage 2–3 degrees (66 women and 54 men) were examined. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Group I – 58 patients who, in addition to basic therapy (ramipril/amlodipine), received quercetin (Corvitin®), Group II – 62 patients who received only basic antihypertensive therapy. The parameters of daily blood pressure monitoring, blood lipid spectrum, C-reactive protein, the concentration of adhesion molecules (s-VCAM, s-ICAM-1), levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1), IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α were determined. Statistical processing of materials was carried out using the following programs: Minitab 21.0, StatPlus Pro 7.6.5, Wizard Pro, Jamovi, MedCalc.\u0000Results. We have established that the risk of not reaching the target level of daily SBP in the group of basic treatment of hypertension (group II) significantly increases with exceeding the level of LDL >4.0 mmol/l (by 3.6 times), an increase in the level of IL-6 >7 ng/ml (by 10 times), an increase in the level of TNF-α >9 pg/ml (by 7 times), an increase in the level of VCAM >1100 ng/ml (by 2.4 times). In the group of people who additionally took quercetin (group I), with an increase in the level of ET-1 >1.1 pg/ml, the risk of failure to reach the target SBP increases by 2.6 times, in the II group – by 3.5 times toward to daily SBP and 8.6 times – toward to daily DBP. We found out that an increase in the concentration of IL-6 > 7 ng/mg significantly increases the risk of arrhythmias by 6 times in group II.\u0000Conclusions. When quercetin is used, it is possible to achieve the target values of SBP (daily, daytime, nighttime) and DBP (daily, daytime, nighttime) in a significantly higher proportion of patients compared with those who are prescribed only standard antihypertensive therapy. Quercetin has an endothelial protective effect, as evidenced by a significant decrease in the levels of vascular endothelial adhesion molecules (s-VCAM), type I intercellular adhesion molecules (s-ICAM-1), ET-1, IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α. The additional use of quercetin against the background of standard antihypertensive therapy significantly reduces the risk of failure to achieve the target levels of SBP, DBP and the risk of heart rhythm disturbances even against the background of increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines and markers of endothelial dysfunction.","PeriodicalId":41645,"journal":{"name":"Pathologia","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83827052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Left ventricular remodeling in normotensive Wistar rats exposed to intermittent hypoxia of different duration","authors":"Y. Kolesnyk, M. Kolesnyk, O. Hancheva, M. Isachenko","doi":"10.14739/2310-1237.2023.1.277406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1237.2023.1.277406","url":null,"abstract":"Intermittent hypoxia has been studied for many years as a promising non-pharmacological method of cardiovascular disease prevention. Hypoxic effects are accompanied by structural and functional changes in the myocardium. There is a direct link between the duration of hypoxic exposures and the severity of left ventricular myocardial remodeling. A range of histochemical markers of myocardial remodeling (cardiotrophin-1, titin, collagen type 1, annexin V) characterizing parenchymal-stromal relationships in the myocardium has shown high informativeness and prognostic value.\u0000The aim of the study was to examine cardiotrophin-1, titin, collagen type 1, annexin V and the morphofunctional state of the left ventricle of the heart in experimental rats exposed to intermittent 15-day (IH15) and 60-day hypoxia (IH60).\u0000Materials and methods. Intermittent hypoxia was modeled using 30 normotensive male Wistar rats, 7–8 months old, which were randomly assigned to 3 experimental groups of 10 animals each: 1) INT – a control group – intact animals (196.3 ± 6.8 g); 2) IH15 – 15-day hypoxia (205.6 ± 4.1 g); 3) IH60 – 60-day hypoxia (201.1 ± 5.5 g). The study compared the effects of intermittent hypoxia of varying duration: 15-day and 60-day hypoxia. Experimental modeling of intermittent hypoxia of 2 terms revealed a number of differences between the effects dependent on this factor duration through functional (blood pressure measurement, echocardiography) and immunofluorescent studies.\u0000Results. Blood pressure in rats of both groups was in the normotensive range, but an increase in systolic by 10 % and diastolic by 19 % was found in IH60 group compared to IH15 group (p &lt; 0.05). In IH15 group, there was a significant decrease in end-diastolic dimension by 20 %, end-systolic dimension by 22 %, an increase in the thickness of left ventricular posterior wall by 44 % and interventricular septum by 33 % as well as left ventricular mass by 12 %, indicating concentric remodeling of the left ventricle, the development of which was confirmed by a 76 % increase in relative wall thickness compared to that in the control group (p &lt; 0.05). Along with these changes, a decrease in end-diastolic volume by 47 %, end-systolic volume by 48 %, stroke volume by 49 % and cardiac output by 50 % with preserved ejection fraction was revealed (p &lt; 0.05). While the parameters of IH60 rats were characterized by an increase in the thickness of interventricular septum by 33 % and left ventricular posterior wall by 17 %, as well as left ventricle mass by 23 %, relative left ventricular wall thickness was 15 % higher than the control value (p &lt; 0.05). At the same time, diastolic volume was 9 % decreased and systolic volume was 24 % increased (p &lt; 0.05). Also, cardiac output was increased by 58 % compared to that in 15-day hypoxic rats with an 8 % decrease in ejection fraction (p &lt; 0.05). The concentrations of markers in IH60 group exceeded those in IH15, namely: cardiotrophin-1 by 39 %, titin by 70 %,","PeriodicalId":41645,"journal":{"name":"Pathologia","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91187642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical case of atypical course of Crohn’s disease","authors":"L. Zhuravlyova, Y. Sikalo, M. Oliinyk, A. Zhuravlyova, H. P. Zinchenko, Ye. V. Tytov","doi":"10.14739/2310-1237.2022.3.245620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1237.2022.3.245620","url":null,"abstract":"Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic recurrent inflammatory bowel disease with a wide variety of clinical manifestations – from classical gastrointestinal phenotypes to predominance of extraintestinal symptoms. Atypical course of CD is observed relatively often and is manifested with a damage to almost all body systems, including hepatobiliary, immune, hematopoietic, cardiovascular, nervous, as well as eyes, skin, lungs and kidneys. Atypical manifestation often precedes intestinal, making diagnosis difficult. The presence of various clinical manifestations of CD, often an atypical course, as well as the absence of standardized diagnostic criteria can be an obstacle for physicians in the timely detection of the disease and effective treatment.\u0000Aim: to describe a clinical case of a diagnostically difficult patient of our clinic with an atypical course of CD and complications incompatible with life; highlight the problem of monitoring and possible solutions.\u0000Results. In the presented clinical case the patient with an atypical course of CD, with the prevailing displays of defeat of nervous and vascular systems is described. During hospitalization, a full range of diagnostic tests was performed, consultations with related specialists were obtained, but no direct data of inflammatory bowel disease were found. At the same time, the impossibility of performing a colonoscopy with a biopsy, due to the severity of the patient’s condition, delayed the timely diagnosis of CD and contributed to the development of complications incompatible with life.\u0000The diagnosis was made posthumously. The patient died as a result of intoxication due to the development of complications of CD – perforation of the intestine, intestinal abscess, development of peritonitis, septicemia.\u0000Conclusions. In the described clinical case CD is considered as a complex interdisciplinary problem, and emphasizes the importance of doctor’s awareness of the variants of atypical manifestations and course of inflammatory bowel disease, methods for their assessment and ways of effective management. This case also presents the latest epidemiological data on the prevalence of atypical manifestations of CD, identifies key areas of diagnostic search in case of a difficult patient.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":41645,"journal":{"name":"Pathologia","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80166329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospects for the sulfur-containing amino acids medicines usage for trimethylamine-N-oxide biosynthesis modulation in humans","authors":"I. Melnychuk, M. L. Sharaieva, V. Kramarova, V. H. Lyzohub","doi":"10.14739/2310-1237.2022.3.263564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1237.2022.3.263564","url":null,"abstract":"The aim: to identify prospects for the sulfur-containing amino acids medicines usage for trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) biosynthesis modulation in humans.\u0000Intestinal microbiome and its metabolic products are currently widely discussed as a new therapeutic target for the treatment of cardiovascular, neurological and metabolic diseases. The effect of the intestinal microbiome on human health is unconditional. Its metabolites, including trimethylamine (TMA), TMAO and plasma amino acids, play an important role in the mechanisms of many diseases. The synthesis of TMAO directly depends on such factors as diet, intestinal microbiome status, genetic characteristics of the human body (activity and type of hepatic flavin monooxygenase). At the same time, all these factors are also able to affect the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids in the human body. Conversely, sulfur-containing amino acids are able to simulate the state of the intestinal microbiome and the activity of hepatic flavin monooxygenase. Today many sulfur-containing amino acid drugs are widely used in therapeutic practice (taurine, methionine, glutathione), including for the cardiovascular and metabolic diseases treatment. Their effect on the state of the intestinal microbiome and its metabolites is still unexplored. There are currently no strong clinical studies for the use of amino acid preparations to reduce plasma TMAO levels, although this perspective is interesting. The possibility of using taurine is questionable as it affects the state of the intestinal microbiome in ultra-high doses (more than 3 g/day), which can cause side effects. Glutathione drugs have low bioavailability due to its physical and chemical properties, and therefore have not become widespread in therapeutic practice. Drugs that activate glutathione synthesis – for example, selenium derivatives, glutoredoxins, some heat shock proteins (HPS70) actions are not studied in vivo enough. Unfortunately, methionine preparations, on the other hand, increase plasma TMAO levels.\u0000Conclusions. Despite the deep pathogenetic affinity of sulfur-containing amino acids and TMAO synthesis, the prospect of using these amino acids drugs to reduce TMAO synthesis is questionable. The problem of reducing the synthesis of TMAO in the human body remains unsolved and requires further search for promising pathogenetically drugs for its correction.","PeriodicalId":41645,"journal":{"name":"Pathologia","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80901946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results of dynamic monitoring of the spectrum of bacterial causes of acute urinary tract infections in children","authors":"H. O. Lezhenko, O. Pashkova, K. Samoylyk","doi":"10.14739/2310-1237.2022.3.259108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1237.2022.3.259108","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study: to explore in dynamics the structure of pathogens in children of Zaporizhzhia region with acute urinary tract infections and the possible changes in their antibiotic susceptibility.\u0000Materials and methods. We analysed results of urine culture in 439 children aged 4 to 18 years with acute urinary tract infection (293 patients in 2014–2016 and 146 patients in 2018–2020). Determination of bacterial species and susceptibility to antibiotics was performed on a bacteriological analyzer VITEK 2 COMPACT (bioMerieux, France) using AES software: Global CLSI-based + Phenotypic (2014, 2018) in accordance with CLSI and EUCAST tables. The coefficient of antibiotic resistance was additionally calculated for each isolate.\u0000Results. According to the analysis of bacteriological monitoring, it was found that in 2018–2020 compared to 2014–2016 among the causative agents of acute urinary tract infections in children, the role of gram-negative bacteria had raised due to increasing the proportion of Escherichia сoli and Proteus mirabilis. Gram-positive microflora has been represented by bacteria of the genus Enterococcus, in 2018–2020 in most samples was isolated Enterococcus faecium (28.1 %), in 2014–2016 among the representatives Enterococcus faecalis prevailed (38.9 %).\u0000The analysis of antibiotic resistance showed that in 2018–2020 the number of resistant strains of E. coli to amikacin increased 6.8 times to 2014–2016 (Р < 0.01) and there was a decrease in the sensitivity of Enterococcus to aminopenicillins from 91.4 % to 41.3 % (P < 0.01). Among bacteria of the genus Enterococcus the average values of the coefficient of resistance to antibiotics in 2018–2020 increased 3.75 times compared to 2014–2016 due to a 2.3-fold increase in the frequency of multidrug-resistant strains (P < 0.05).\u0000Conclusions. The obtained data are convincing evidence of the need for mandatory bacteriological examination of urine before antibacterial therapy to increase the effectiveness of therapeutic measures, prevention of the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance. An increase in resistance of E. coli to amikacin and Enterococcus spp. to ampicillin does not allow the use of these drugs as empirical therapy of acute urinary tract infections in children.","PeriodicalId":41645,"journal":{"name":"Pathologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88341747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}