Jezikoslovlje最新文献

{"title":"Word-initial /ɨ/~[ɨ] in Polish","authors":"A. Andrason","doi":"10.29162/jez.2022.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29162/jez.2022.3","url":null,"abstract":"The present article examines the accuracy of the widespread opinion according to which Polish entirely lacks a word-initial phoneme or (allo)phone /ɨ/~[ɨ]. After reviewing seventeen nominal, adjectival, interjective, and ideophonic lexemes, the author concludes the following: the word-initial /ɨ/~[ɨ] is attested in Polish; however, it is peripheral from the perspective of the phonological and/or phonetic system of this language.","PeriodicalId":41610,"journal":{"name":"Jezikoslovlje","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43995325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impoliteness strategies in Croatian and Serbian user comments on online news articles","authors":"Ljiljana Šarić","doi":"10.29162/jez.2022.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29162/jez.2022.1","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines readers’ perceptions of impoliteness in user comments on online news articles in two daily newspapers: Croatia’s Jutarnji list and Serbia’s Večernje novosti. The study considers judgments by four younger study participants that did not participate in the online discussions as posters. These readers evaluated impoliteness from their own point of view, identifying impolite utterances in 668 user comments. Participants’ judgments are categorized and analyzed drawing on Culpeper’s (2011a) taxonomy of impoliteness formulae and triggers. This study focuses on utterances and language means judged impolite by the majority — that is, three or four participants — with the aim of identifying frequent impoliteness formulae and language means that are judged to be impolite. Among the phenomena judged impolite by three or four readers, predominant are conventionalized impoliteness formulae with terms from the domains of sexual activities and mental health, and referential terms with a historical burden. Cursing was regularly judged impolite, as well as expressions with words from the semantic domain of scatology, words evoking animal metaphors, and name modifications (blends) resulting in taboo or derogatory terms. There seems to be a strong correlation between the phenomena judged impolite and discursive identity construction — that is, establishing the border between “us” and “them” — which in the data often involved negative, and even stigmatizing, descriptions of those considered to belong to another national group.","PeriodicalId":41610,"journal":{"name":"Jezikoslovlje","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45122357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A note on the career\u0000of metaphorical domains","authors":"M. Brdar, Rita Brdar-Szabó, Tanja Gradečak","doi":"10.29162/jez.2021.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29162/jez.2021.10","url":null,"abstract":"One of\u0000most dominant conceptual metaphors used to talk about the COVID-19 across\u0000languages and cultures is the war\u0000metaphor, but many other metaphors have been attested, exploiting a wide\u0000range of source domains. It appears, however, that there is a sort of\u0000evolutionary movement concerning the frequency with which particular source\u0000domains are used, progressing first towards more aggressive, war-like\u0000concepts, then after a sort of culmination in the spring of 2020, towards\u0000other related concepts, as the epidemic turned into a pandemic, and as new\u0000waves of infections emerged. However, we can now observe the beginnings of a\u0000new cycle: the domain that has so far been conceptualized metaphorically in\u0000terms of other source domains is now beginning to emancipate itself, becoming\u0000itself a source domain. Metaphorically speaking, when we study this switch,\u0000we study not the career of a metaphor, but the career of a domain (which in\u0000our opinion is even more exciting than the former enterprise). The aim of\u0000this article is to shed some light on this incipient trend by taking a look\u0000at the constellation of two (among many possible) factors that may have\u0000facilitated this mutation: the phenomenon of domain homogenization (towards a\u0000negative paragon) as a semantic catalyst and the family of XY(Z)\u0000constructions as the formal catalyst.","PeriodicalId":41610,"journal":{"name":"Jezikoslovlje","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48009759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The\u0000afterlife of the antipassive","authors":"B. Comrie","doi":"10.29162/jez.2021.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29162/jez.2021.7","url":null,"abstract":"Three\u0000examples are presented of reanalyses of antipassives as or in the direction\u0000of ordinary transitive constructions, from Tsez, Chukchi, and Mayan\u0000languages. In all cases, an antipassive construction remains in the language\u0000or language family concerned, thus presenting empirical evidence of\u0000reanalysis to parallel earlier hypothesized reconstructions of antipassives\u0000to explain synchronic idiosyncrasies","PeriodicalId":41610,"journal":{"name":"Jezikoslovlje","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41765158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metonymy and\u0000Croatian adverbial clauses","authors":"Branimir Belaj","doi":"10.29162/jez.2021.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29162/jez.2021.9","url":null,"abstract":"In this\u0000article I examine some metonymic aspects of the semantics of Croatian\u0000connectives introducing adverbial clauses of cause, condition, purpose, and\u0000concession. The analysis leans on the theory of conceptual metaphor and\u0000metonymy and, to a lesser extent, on cognitive grammar. It is also informed\u0000by grammaticalization scholarship within typological functionalism. I explore\u0000metonymic mappings between the categories of time and cause, manner and\u0000cause, cause and condition, purpose, cause and concession, condition and\u0000concession, time and condition, and metonymic mappings operating at the level\u0000of speech acts. The goal is to contribute to the growing, though still\u0000arguably small, body of cognitive linguistic research into the relevance of\u0000metonymy for the semantics of complex sentences, specifically the role it\u0000plays in subordination, and to expand this analysis to subordinate\u0000constructions in Croatian. Some attention is given to grammaticalization\u0000studies, where metaphor and metonymy are seen as two types of pragmatic\u0000inferencing facilitating interactions between the mentioned semantic\u0000categories in complex sentences.","PeriodicalId":41610,"journal":{"name":"Jezikoslovlje","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44255426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quirky negative concord","authors":"J. van der Auwera","doi":"10.29162/jez.2021.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29162/jez.2021.5","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the interaction between connective negation (‘neither ... nor’) and negative concord, an issue that has not received much attention. It looks at different\u0000‘negative concord’ languages, viz. Croatian, Spanish, and French. The approach is\u0000synchronic; the data come from existing descriptions and from native speaker\u0000judgments. The paper describes the many idiosyncrasies but also lays bare some\u0000of the similarities.","PeriodicalId":41610,"journal":{"name":"Jezikoslovlje","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48798144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the origins of the\u0000epistemic, evidential, and subjectivity meanings in the mental state\u0000predicates","authors":"Karolien Janssens, J. Nuyts","doi":"10.29162/jez.2021.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29162/jez.2021.6","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to contribute to the debates about the nature of the speaker-related meanings of the mental state predicates, on the basis of a diachronic corpus study into the semantic evolution of five such verbs in Dutch. The analyses show that each of these verbs develops its own spe-cific profile in terms of a limited set of clearly distinguishable speaker-related meanings, viz. epistemic modality, evidentiality, and ‘subjectivi-ty’. Each of these meanings is moreover characterized by a distinctive di-achronic path. The study thus also demonstrates the independent status of ‘subjectivity’ as a meaning category.","PeriodicalId":41610,"journal":{"name":"Jezikoslovlje","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47506040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new look at word classes in Cognitive Grammar","authors":"C. Broccias","doi":"10.29162/jez.2021.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29162/jez.2021.8","url":null,"abstract":"Langacker’s Cognitive\u0000Grammar aims to offer a conceptual characterization of word classes. Pivotal to\u0000this endeavor is the distinction between a “thing” and a “relation” as well as\u0000the claim that relations can be scanned either sequentially or summarily. The\u0000difference between the two scanning modes is essential to separate, for\u0000example, enter as a finite verb from\u0000the dynamic preposition into. In this\u0000paper, the debate on the status and relevance of the two scanning modes is\u0000revisited and the very notion of relation is subjected to close scrutiny, thus\u0000revealing its potentially problematic nature. A new way of looking at word\u0000classes based on the notions of evolving vs. non-evolving categorization\u0000sequences, extrinsicality vs. intrinsicality, and anchorability is developed,\u0000which constitutes a radical departure from Cognitive Grammar despite being\u0000compatible with its fundamental assumptions.","PeriodicalId":41610,"journal":{"name":"Jezikoslovlje","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45842352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Die Beziehung zwischen der Bewusstheit und\u0000den Lehrmethoden beim Erlernen der (nicht) passivfähigen Verben im Deutschen\u0000als Fremd-sprache","authors":"Ivana Šarić Šokčević","doi":"10.29162/jez.2021.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29162/jez.2021.4","url":null,"abstract":"Das\u0000Hauptziel dieser Untersuchung war es, die Beziehung zwischen der Bewusstheit\u0000(engl. awareness) und den expliziten\u0000und impliziten Lehrmethoden bezüglich des Erlernens einer komplexen,\u0000mehrdimensionalen fremdsprachlichen Zielstruktur, der (nicht) passivfähigen\u0000Verben im Deutschen als Fremdsprache, zu erforschen. Viele Untersuchungen aus\u0000dem Bereich des Zweit- und Fremdsprachenerwerbs (z. B. Schmidt 1990; Robinson\u00001995; Leow 2001) haben bis jetzt Schmidts Noticing-Hypothese\u0000(1990; 1993; 1995; 2001) bestätigt, in der davon ausgegangen wird, dass die\u0000Aufmerksamkeit eine Schlüsselrolle beim erfolgreichen Erlernen zielsprachlicher\u0000Strukturen spielt, da es\u0000ohne Aufmerksamkeit nicht zum Bemerken der Zielstruktur im Input kommen kann,\u0000ohne das Bemerken nicht zum Erlernen. Es wird somit nicht nur der\u0000Aufmerksamkeit, sondern auch der Bewusstheit eine ausschlaggebende Rolle\u0000zugesprochen . Schmidt geht in seiner Noticing-Hypothese (1990; 1993; 1995;\u00002001) von der niedrigeren Bewusstheitsebene, der Ebene des Bemerkens, und der\u0000höheren Bewusstheitsebene, der Ebene des Verstehens, aus. Das Verstehen des\u0000sprachlichen Inputs kann auf zwei verschiedene Weisen zustande kommen: durch\u0000implizites und/oder explizites Lernen/Lehrmethoden (DeKeyser 2003; Ellis, R.\u00002005). Um diese Beziehungen detaillierter zu beleuchten, wurde in der\u0000vorliegenden Untersuchung ein Experiment in drei Phasen durchgeführt. Die\u0000Teilnehmer waren kroatische Gymnasiasten,\u0000die Deutsch als Fremdsprache lernen, und Germanistikstudenten eines\u0000Masterstudiums. Zur Datenerhebung bezüglich der\u0000Bewusstheitsebenen wurde die Think-aloud-Methode angewandt. Die erhaltenen\u0000Daten wurden qualitativ und quantitativ mit einer statistischen Analyse\u0000(mehrfaktorielle Varianzanalyse) bearbeitet. Die Resultate zeigen bezüglich\u0000der Erforschung der Rolle der Bewusstheit in der Input-intake-Phase eine\u0000starke positive Beziehung zwischen den Lernergebnissen der expliziten\u0000Lehrmethode und der höheren Bewusstheitsebene, aber auch der impliziten\u0000Lehrmethode und der niedrigeren Bewusstheitsebene. Die Lernergebnisse der\u0000Untersuchungsteilnehmer, die der expliziten Lehrmethode ausgesetzt waren,\u0000haben, insgesamt betrachtet, bessere Resultate gezeigt. Es wurde auch eine\u0000Interaktion zwischen den Untersuchungsteilnehmern, die sich auf einem höheren\u0000Sprachkenntnisstand befinden, und der niedrigeren Bewusstheitsebene\u0000festgestellt, wobei diese Untersuchungsteilnehmer bessere Lernleistungen beim\u0000unmittelbaren Posttest zeigten. Die erhaltenen Daten bestätigen die Annahmen\u0000von Schmidts Noticing-Hypothese\u0000(1990) und die Untersuchungsergebnisse ähnlicher Untersuchungen (z. B. Leow\u00001997; 2001; Medina 2015).","PeriodicalId":41610,"journal":{"name":"Jezikoslovlje","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45790493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agentivnost subjekta u konstrukcijama s\u0000osje-tilnim glagolima vida i sluha","authors":"Helena Burić","doi":"10.29162/jez.2021.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29162/jez.2021.2","url":null,"abstract":"U ovome radu analizira se semantička uloga subjekta u konstrukcijama s\u0000osjetilnim glagolima iz kognitivnogramatičke perspektive, a prije svega njegova\u0000agentivnost. Naime temeljna kategorizacija osjetilnih glagola uspostavlja se\u0000upravo u odnosu na semantičku ulogu subjekta u konstrukcijama s osjetilnim\u0000glagolima, a glavna je značenjska odrednica subjekta, na temelju koje se\u0000osjetilni glagoli dijele na voljne ili glagole aktivne percepcije, nevoljne ili\u0000glagole pasivne percepcije te izokrenute osjetilne glagole, pritom upravo\u0000njegova agentivnost. Glavni je cilj ovoga rada preispitati općeprihvaćenu\u0000kategorizaciju osjetilnih glagola kao stativnih glagola ili glagola stanja,\u0000posebice kada su u pitanju glagoli poput vidjeti\u0000i čuti, koji se na temelju često\u0000pojednostavljenih i nepreciznih jezičnih testova svrstavaju u kategoriju\u0000glagola pasivne percepcije i stativnih glagola, a njihov subjekt često opisuje\u0000kao pasivni, nevoljni i neagentivni, što onda vodi prema nepreciznomu\u0000gramatičkom opisu i pogrešnome shvaćanju ne samo osjetilnih glagola već i\u0000drugih gramatičkih koncepata važnih za proučavanje glagola općenito poput\u0000događajne strukture konstrukcije ili aktionsarta,\u0000semantičkih ekstenzija glagola, sintaktičke okoline u kojoj se pojavljuju,\u0000prijelaznosti i sl. Analiza semantičke uloge subjekta u konstrukcijama s\u0000osjetilnim glagolima vida i sluha u ovome radu temelji se na metodologiji\u0000kognitivne lingvistike, odnosno kognitivne gramatike, s naglaskom na ideju\u0000utjelovljenja jezika (engl. embodiment),\u0000koja uključuje i enciklopedijski pogled na značenje, koncept kanonskoga\u0000događajnog modela, čiji jezični odraz predstavlja prijelazna konstrukcija, te\u0000ideju radijalnih kategorija utemeljenih na efektu prototipa. Radna je\u0000pretpostavka ovoga rada da se osjetilni glagoli, kao i sve drugo u jeziku, ne\u0000mogu gramatički opisati, a da se u taj opis ne uključi i naša vlastita\u0000predodžba o ljudskim osjetilnim organima, njihovim mogućnostima i ograničenjima\u0000te načinu na koji funkcioniraju, odnosno da se ne analiziraju veze između tjelesnoga\u0000iskustva, općih kognitivnih sposobnosti čovjeka, konceptualnih struktura te\u0000samih jezičnih struktura.","PeriodicalId":41610,"journal":{"name":"Jezikoslovlje","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49166905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}