Language & History最新文献_第5页

On ancient vs. modern, eastern vs. western, contributions to text coherence theory 论古代与现代、东方与西方对语篇连贯理论的贡献

IF 0.5 3区文学

Language & History Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2021.1888369

José Miguel Blanco Pena

{"title":"On ancient vs. modern, eastern vs. western, contributions to text coherence theory","authors":"José Miguel Blanco Pena","doi":"10.1080/17597536.2021.1888369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597536.2021.1888369","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In modern linguistics, coherence is considered a fundamental property of text. The study of this phenomenon is quite novel, since its origin dates back to the 1960s. However, although in the historiography of linguistics we find no traces of it, both the concept and its study are not so modern as one might think. By studying text unity, current linguistics addresses a central question both in Aristotle’s Poetics and in 19th–century hermeneutical speculation. Also, linguists are addressing a basic notion of ancient Chinese literary criticism, which we cannot ignore. Thus, the objectives of this paper are to analyse these little-known antecedents, with the purpose of contrasting them; to insert the modern study of coherence in the tradition of both Western and Chinese thought; and to assess directly the contributions and merits of these traditions within the history of linguistics. The research carried out shows surprising results. A similar idea of text coherence is identified in both Western and Chinese traditions, but the most astonishing finding is the existence of a pioneering theory of coherence which was fully developed in China more than 1,500 years ago, predating modern explanatory models by many centuries.","PeriodicalId":41504,"journal":{"name":"Language & History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17597536.2021.1888369","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46052924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Joseph Neef (1770-1854): a forgotten pioneer of applying phonetics and regularised phonic materials to the initial teaching of literacy in English 约瑟夫·尼夫(1770-1854):一位被遗忘的先驱，他把语音学和规则语音材料应用于最初的英语识字教学

IF 0.5 3区文学

Language & History Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2020.1864983

Greg Brooks

{"title":"Joseph Neef (1770-1854): a forgotten pioneer of applying phonetics and regularised phonic materials to the initial teaching of literacy in English","authors":"Greg Brooks","doi":"10.1080/17597536.2020.1864983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597536.2020.1864983","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Joseph Neef (1770–1854) was one of Pestalozzi’s earliest collaborators in Switzerland (1800). He took his mentor’s ideas and principles first to Paris (1803), and then to Pennsylvania (1806). In 1808 he published the first book on educational method written in English in the United States, and in 1809 opened the first Pestalozzian school in the Americas. He was the first to devise a linguistic phonics approach to the initial teaching of literacy in English based on regular sound-symbol patterns, and published a book setting out his system in 1813. This was based on three main principles: start from the phonemes of spoken English; introduce them and the graphemes used to write them very gradually and practise them intensively; and use, initially, only simple, regularised syllables, words and sentences. His principal innovation was to adapt a phonetic notation for vowel phonemes from a 1791 British book on elocution, and add it to the Pestalozzian approach. He had little impact on the teaching of literacy, but deserves to be recognised as a radical innovator.","PeriodicalId":41504,"journal":{"name":"Language & History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17597536.2020.1864983","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45254385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A post-Bloomfieldian’s last stand: Charles Hockett’s attempt to resign from the LSA in 1982 后布卢姆菲尔德主义者的最后一站:查尔斯·霍克特1982年试图从LSA辞职

IF 0.5 3区文学

Language & History Pub Date : 2020-09-08 DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2020.1806523

F. Newmeyer

引用次数: 0

Frans Wilhelm (1945–2020) Frans Wilhelm（1945–2020）

IF 0.5 3区文学

Language & History Pub Date : 2020-08-17 DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2020.1802164

F. Vonk, J. Noordegraaf, Roland de Bonth, G. Rutten

引用次数: 0

Pleasure of Imitation: Naturalismo e filogenesi del linguaggio nelle teorie di Hensleigh Wedgwood e di Charles Darwin 模仿的乐趣:亨斯莱·韦奇伍德和查尔斯·达尔文理论中的自然主义和语言系统学

IF 0.5 3区文学

Language & History Pub Date : 2020-07-07 DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2020.1784622

John E. Joseph

引用次数: 0

La voix humaine: instrument à vent ou instrument à cordes? Un parcours historique (XVIIe/XVIIIe siècles) autour de cette question 人声：管乐器还是弦乐器？围绕这一问题的历史之旅（17/18世纪）

IF 0.5 3区文学

Language & History Pub Date : 2020-07-04 DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2020.1755110

C. Schweitzer

{"title":"La voix humaine: instrument à vent ou instrument à cordes? Un parcours historique (XVIIe/XVIIIe siècles) autour de cette question","authors":"C. Schweitzer","doi":"10.1080/17597536.2020.1755110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597536.2020.1755110","url":null,"abstract":"RÉSUMÉ La voix humaine fascine, et cela, depuis toujours. Elle intrigue, et par sa force d’expression, elle provoque des réactions auprès des auditeurs et interlocuteurs. Aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles, on ne dispose pas encore des moyens modernes pour analyser la voix. Grammairiens, mais aussi rhétoriciens, médecins et musiciens, tous les spécialistes de la voix, cherchent alors un moyen pour s’approcher de ce phénomène difficile à cerner. Une astuce est la comparaison entre la voix et la phonation d’un côté, et un instrument de musique de l’autre. Cette comparaison permet de poser la voix en un objet plus facilement compréhensible et descriptible que le sont les processus se déroulant à l’intérieur de l’appareil phonatoire. Plusieurs types d’instruments sont proposés dans les textes, que l’on peut résumer en trois grands groupes: l’instrument à vent, l’instrument à cordes et un type combiné. Nous nous intéressons aux contextes d’utilisation et à la valeur épistémologique de chacun de ces types, aux objectifs qui déterminent le choix des auteurs pour un certain type, et aux raisons de l’abandon de la comparaison.","PeriodicalId":41504,"journal":{"name":"Language & History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17597536.2020.1755110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44881178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Lepsius as a linguist: fieldwork, philology, phonetics, and ‘the Hamitic hypothesis’ 作为语言学家的莱普修斯:田野调查、文字学、语音学和“哈密假说”

IF 0.5 3区文学

Language & History Pub Date : 2020-06-04 DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2020.1760066

F. Solleveld

引用次数: 4

The importance of the ‘method Gaspey-Otto-Sauer’ amongst the earliest Portuguese textbooks of the German language “Gaspey Otto Sauer方法”在最早的德语葡萄牙语教科书中的重要性

IF 0.5 3区文学

Language & History Pub Date : 2020-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2019.1649854

Rolf Kemmler, María José Corvo Sánchez

引用次数: 2

Preliminary reflections on a philosophical language: a study of John Wilkins’ Mercury: or the secret and swift messenger 对哲学语言的初步反思:约翰·威尔金斯的《墨丘利》或《秘密而敏捷的信使》的研究

IF 0.5 3区文学

Language & History Pub Date : 2020-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2020.1771537

J. Subbiondo

{"title":"Preliminary reflections on a philosophical language: a study of John Wilkins’ Mercury: or the secret and swift messenger","authors":"J. Subbiondo","doi":"10.1080/17597536.2020.1771537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597536.2020.1771537","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In An Essay towards a Real Character, and a Philosophical Language (1668), John Wilkins (1614–1672) invented a real character, an artiﬁcial language, to express his philosophical language. The Essay was a culmination of Wilkins’ long-term analyses of the interrelationships among language, communication, science, and learning. His lesser known publication on language, Mercury: or the Secret and Swift Messenger (1641), was Wilkins’ earliest published study of these interrelationships. The real character and the philosophical language that Wilkins presented in his Essay were far more advanced than any artiﬁcial language he surveyed in Mercury. His was the most comprehensive real character and philosophical language published to date as Wilkins attempted to represent and communicate the ever-expanding knowledge emerging from the new science. Moreover, he intended that his philosophical language remedy the imperfection of natural languages that he believed were caused by the Biblical ‘confusion of tongues.’ Mercury provides Wilkins’ initial published observations regarding the nature of language as well as the types and roles of artiﬁcial languages from antiquity to his day. It reﬂects his forward-thinking understanding of language early in his career; and it foreshadows his continuing development of a philosophical language.","PeriodicalId":41504,"journal":{"name":"Language & History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17597536.2020.1771537","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41393312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The confessional sciences: scientific lexicography and sexology in the Oxford English Dictionary 忏悔科学：《牛津英语词典》中的科学词典学和性学

IF 0.5 3区文学

Language & History Pub Date : 2020-04-29 DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2020.1755204

S. Turton

{"title":"The confessional sciences: scientific lexicography and sexology in the Oxford English Dictionary","authors":"S. Turton","doi":"10.1080/17597536.2020.1755204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597536.2020.1755204","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The empirical advancements of scientific lexicography, on whose principles the Oxford English Dictionary was founded, paralleled the developments made in a range of other sciences in the nineteenth century. Rejecting the overt linguistic prescriptivism of many earlier lexicographers, the OED’s editors aimed to approach language as a natural system akin to any other; like their fellow scientists, they were concerned only with objective fact. Yet the representation of any human behaviour will necessarily be selective and subjective, and the conflicting evidence of real linguistic usage would complicate the lexicographers’ ideals of impassive collection and analysis. The better to cast this problem into relief, this paper juxtaposes scientific lexicography with another, more controversial nineteenth-century science: sexology. Sexologists’ pathologisation of ‘deviant’ sexual desires gave rise to an extensive new taxonomy, which the OED began documenting in the early decades of the twentieth century. Drawing on unpublished draft material from the dictionary’s archives, this paper examines the scientific ideologies of lexicography and sexology as they interacted in the OED, exploring what they reveal about the tension between scholarly principles and social practice.","PeriodicalId":41504,"journal":{"name":"Language & History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17597536.2020.1755204","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45285964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4