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Bifidobacteria and Microflora最新文献

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Ecology of Bifidobacterium in the Human Intestinal Flora 双歧杆菌在人类肠道菌群中的生态学研究
Bifidobacteria and Microflora Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.6.2_33
M. Mutai, R. Tanaka
{"title":"Ecology of Bifidobacterium in the Human Intestinal Flora","authors":"M. Mutai, R. Tanaka","doi":"10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.6.2_33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.6.2_33","url":null,"abstract":"In this review, we present the evidence for the establishment and the succession of Bifidobacterium flora in the human intestine and suggest that the number of the Bifidobacterium is the potential marker of the stability of human intestinal flora. The significance of Bifidobacterium with regard to colonization resistance is dicussed .","PeriodicalId":414713,"journal":{"name":"Bifidobacteria and Microflora","volume":" 42","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113949279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 71
An Application of Dried Bifidobacteria Preparation to Scouring Animals 双歧杆菌干制剂在洗刷动物中的应用
Bifidobacteria and Microflora Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.2.1_41
N. Kimura, Yoshikane Miwako, Kobayashi Akio, T. Mitsuoka
{"title":"An Application of Dried Bifidobacteria Preparation to Scouring Animals","authors":"N. Kimura, Yoshikane Miwako, Kobayashi Akio, T. Mitsuoka","doi":"10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.2.1_41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.2.1_41","url":null,"abstract":"Effect of dried viable bifidobacteria preparations (108 B. thermophilum/g and 109 B. pseudolongum/g) on intestinal flora and clinical symptoms of scouring animals were investigated by oral administration to dogs, calves and pigs. Disturbances of bacterial flora while scouring were only seen in some limited bacterial species. In scouring animals, the population and/or incidence of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli obviously decreased while counts of enterobacteriaceae increased. Appearance of hemolytic E. coli and streptococci, and higher counts of Clostridium perfringens in scouring dogs were characteristic. Oral administration of the bifidobacteria preparation seemed to reinforce recovery of normal intestinal flora and alleviate clinical symptoms of scouring animals. Prophylactic effects of the preparation were observed in preventing diarrhea in weaned puppies, early weaned bull calves and suckling piglets.","PeriodicalId":414713,"journal":{"name":"Bifidobacteria and Microflora","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125754244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 40
Effect of Isomalto-oligosaccharides on Human Fecal Flora 异麦芽糖寡糖对人体粪便菌群的影响
Bifidobacteria and Microflora Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.7.2_61
T. Kohmoto, F. Fukui, Hajime Takaku, Y. Machida, M. Arai, T. Mitsuoka
{"title":"Effect of Isomalto-oligosaccharides on Human Fecal Flora","authors":"T. Kohmoto, F. Fukui, Hajime Takaku, Y. Machida, M. Arai, T. Mitsuoka","doi":"10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.7.2_61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.7.2_61","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of isomalto-oligosaccharides on human fecal flora was studied. Bifidobacteria and the Bacteroides fragilis group from human intestine could utilize isomalto-oligosaccharides but Escherichia coli and other bacteria could not. After the administration of isomaltooligosaccharides (13.5 g daily for 2 weeks) to healthy adult men and senile persons, the numbers of bifidobacteria in the feces increased. The consistency of feces was improved. These studies may support the usefulness of isomalto-oligosaccharides as components of new healthy foodstuffs for the improvement of the intestinal flora.","PeriodicalId":414713,"journal":{"name":"Bifidobacteria and Microflora","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126803610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 149
Intestinal Glycolipids and Their Possible Role in Microbial Colonization of Mice 肠道糖脂及其在小鼠微生物定植中的可能作用
Bifidobacteria and Microflora Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.8.1_13
Y. Umesaki
{"title":"Intestinal Glycolipids and Their Possible Role in Microbial Colonization of Mice","authors":"Y. Umesaki","doi":"10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.8.1_13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.8.1_13","url":null,"abstract":"The alimentary tract is colonized by more than one hundred species of and more than one thousand billion microbes (per gram contents) . It is well known that the microbes colonized characteristically according to the site of the alimentary tract and species and physiological conditions of the host animal such as age (16, 17, 19) . Comparative studies between germfree and conventional animals clearly show that the intestinal microbes greatly affect physiology and morphology of the intestine of the host animal. However, we have not yet been able to obtain precise mechanisms of the difference between germfree and conventional animals in spite of great efforts thus far. On the other hand, the sphingoglycolipids are now studied from the aspect of the host receptor-intestinal microbe interaction. The glycolipids are very abundant in the microvillus membrane of the small intestinal epithelial cells (11, 14) . The composition of these glycolipids are different among species (3), developmental ages of the animals (12, 18), and between normal and pathological conditions of the host animals (6, 9) . And also these glycolipids have, at least in vitro, high affinity for the microbes (10) as well as the enterotoxins produced by pathogenic microorganisms (27) . Thus there is some reason to consider that the glycolipid might be a mediator between host animals and intestinal microbes. In this review, we summarize what changes occur in the intestinal glycolipids by association of the intestinal microbes with germfree animals, discuss the mechanism of this glycolipid change, and finally consider what roles these glycolipids play in the colonization of the intestinal microbes.","PeriodicalId":414713,"journal":{"name":"Bifidobacteria and Microflora","volume":"231 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131689843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Role of Bifidobacterium in Enteric Infection 双歧杆菌在肠道感染中的作用
Bifidobacteria and Microflora Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.3.1_3
R. Nakaya
{"title":"Role of Bifidobacterium in Enteric Infection","authors":"R. Nakaya","doi":"10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.3.1_3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.3.1_3","url":null,"abstract":"1. Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infections of the Intestinal Mucosa 2. Laboratory Models of Shigella Infection 3. Inhibitory Effects of Bifidobacterium on Cultured Cell Infection by Shigella Experimentals Inhibitory effects of B. infantis on HeLa cell infection by S. flexneri Effect of various bacterial strains on HeLa cell infection by S. flexneri Inhibitory effect of culture supernatant of B . infantis on cell infection by S. flexneri Interaction in vitro between Shigella and Bifidobacterium 4. Concluding Remarks","PeriodicalId":414713,"journal":{"name":"Bifidobacteria and Microflora","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130384175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
Isolation of Bacteria Elaborating Glycosyltransferase from the Feces of Humans and Animals 从人畜粪便中分离糖基转移酶细菌的研究
Bifidobacteria and Microflora Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.8.2_95
A. Inoue, K. Yazawa, K. Kondo, T. Fujisawa, T. Mitsuoka
{"title":"Isolation of Bacteria Elaborating Glycosyltransferase from the Feces of Humans and Animals","authors":"A. Inoue, K. Yazawa, K. Kondo, T. Fujisawa, T. Mitsuoka","doi":"10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.8.2_95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.8.2_95","url":null,"abstract":"Bacteria elaborating glycosyltransferase (GT) which produce polysaccharide or oligosaccharide from sucrose were surveyed from the feces of humans and animals. Three isolates having strong GT activity were obtained from animal feces. Strain F3-33 obtained from a common marmoset was identified as Bifidobacterium animalis, strain L2-13 obtained from a ruffed lemur was identified as Lactobacillus reuteri, and strain D2-38 obtained from a prairie dog was identified as Lactobacillus sp.","PeriodicalId":414713,"journal":{"name":"Bifidobacteria and Microflora","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134088366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Recommended Method for Enumeration of Lecithinase-Positive Clostridia in Human Feces 人粪便中卵磷脂酶阳性梭菌的推荐计数方法
Bifidobacteria and Microflora Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.13.1_27
A. Terada, H. Hara, Kimikazu Ikegame, Masakuni Sasaki, T. Mitsuoka
{"title":"Recommended Method for Enumeration of Lecithinase-Positive Clostridia in Human Feces","authors":"A. Terada, H. Hara, Kimikazu Ikegame, Masakuni Sasaki, T. Mitsuoka","doi":"10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.13.1_27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.13.1_27","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a recommended method for the detection and enumeration of lecithinase-positive clostridia in fecal specimens. The use of specimens treated at 80°C for 10 min in parallel with unheated specimens with both selective and nonselective media is needed for the enumeration of lecithinase-positive clostridia in fecal specimens, when the numbers are less than 104/g.","PeriodicalId":414713,"journal":{"name":"Bifidobacteria and Microflora","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133211469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Antitumor and Immunological Adjuvant Effect of Bifidobacterium infantis in Mice 婴儿双歧杆菌对小鼠的抗肿瘤和免疫佐剂作用
Bifidobacteria and Microflora Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.1.1_61
Y. Kohwi, Y. Hashimoto, Z. Tamura
{"title":"Antitumor and Immunological Adjuvant Effect of Bifidobacterium infantis in Mice","authors":"Y. Kohwi, Y. Hashimoto, Z. Tamura","doi":"10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.1.1_61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.1.1_61","url":null,"abstract":"Intraregional repeated injections of living or killed Bifidobacterium infantis inhibited the growth of established Meth-A tumor cells transplanted subcutaneousl y into syngeneic BALB/c mice (regression) . When tumor cells mixed with B infantis were inoculated subcutaneously into mice, tumors did not develop in the majority of the recipient mice (suppression) . Water-insoluble cell walls which were obtained b y sonication f k ll ed B. infantis induced suppression of tumor development but failed to induce regression of tumor growth when these preparations were injected intra regionally after tumor implantation . In contrast, although the water-soluble supernatant fractions of sonicated killed B. infantis did not exhibit tumor suppression , ef-f ective regression of established tumors followed intraregional injection of these frac tions. The immunological adjuvant effects of B. infantis or its components were also studied. These bacterial preparations potentiated both tumor tra nsplantation i mmunity and the delayed-type hypersensitivity response against sheep erythrocytes in mice.","PeriodicalId":414713,"journal":{"name":"Bifidobacteria and Microflora","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131778144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 21
Intestinal Microflora and Carcinogenesis 肠道菌群与癌变
Bifidobacteria and Microflora Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.9.2_65
B. Reddy
{"title":"Intestinal Microflora and Carcinogenesis","authors":"B. Reddy","doi":"10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.9.2_65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.9.2_65","url":null,"abstract":"The recognition that environmental and dietary factors play an important role in the etiology of several types of cancer, and that the role of microflora alterations during these conditions may be crucial, has given impetus to many nutritionists , toxicologists and oncologists to investigate the relationship among the gut microflora, nutritional factors and carcinogenesis in humans and in laboratory animals . The carcinogens responsible may be formed in the environment, or may be ingested in the form of a preformed carcinogen, cocarcinogen , promoter and/or procarcinogen, and metabolized to the ultimate carcinogen in the body. Furthermore, the external factors such as diet and bacterial supplements can affect the metabolic activity of gut microflora. In this context, the role of bacteria in the production , activation and/or deactivation of carcinogenes and tumor promoters has been investigated in several laboratories. This brief review evaluates the recognizable features on the relationship between the intestinal microflora and carcinogenesis and the mechanism whereby the intestinal microflora and their metabolites modulate the carcinogenesis in humans and in laboratory animal models.","PeriodicalId":414713,"journal":{"name":"Bifidobacteria and Microflora","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134185356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
β -Glucuronidase Activity of Escherichia coli Isolated over a Long Term from Feces of the Same Human 从同一人粪便中长期分离的大肠杆菌β -葡萄糖醛酸酶活性的研究
Bifidobacteria and Microflora Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.11.2_77
T. Fujisawa, M. Mori
{"title":"β -Glucuronidase Activity of Escherichia coli Isolated over a Long Term from Feces of the Same Human","authors":"T. Fujisawa, M. Mori","doi":"10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.11.2_77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12938/BIFIDUS1982.11.2_77","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":414713,"journal":{"name":"Bifidobacteria and Microflora","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121838056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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