Chinese Historical Review最新文献

{"title":"Jade Mountains and Cinnabar Pools: The History of Travel Literature in Imperial China","authors":"Lifang He, J. Fang","doi":"10.1080/1547402X.2022.2126062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1547402X.2022.2126062","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41429,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Historical Review","volume":"29 1","pages":"130 - 132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47984912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is the Global? Rise and Demise of the Metanarrative on Global Change","authors":"Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1080/1547402X.2022.2126418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1547402X.2022.2126418","url":null,"abstract":"In the past, historians tended to perceive the global as a set of encompassing processes that made the world smaller and generated an upward trajectory of economic development in the industrialized countries, as we saw in the nineteenth and the better part of the twentieth centuries. At the core of the processes were the technological innovations, the rise of humanism, and the emergence of democratic systems, all of which were closely associated with western European culture. Only recently, have we begun to comprehend not only the multiplexity of the global, but also the deterritorialized, dispersed, and regionalized nature of global change. In this article, I suggest that the global is only the reification of the local. Instead of studying the global, we should focus on the changes in the local societies.","PeriodicalId":41429,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Historical Review","volume":"29 1","pages":"71 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42273788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthetic Fiber in Maoist China: Industry, Consumption and Daily Wearing Under Socialism","authors":"Tian-Tian Zhu","doi":"10.1080/1547402X.2022.2050054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1547402X.2022.2050054","url":null,"abstract":"When describing everyday life in Maoist China, there has been much attention on the state power that had a great impact on what people were wearing in a socialist state. This article explores the history of synthetic fibers in Maoist China to discuss how consumer behavior had an influence on the development of the textile industry. This article analyzes the growing popularity of a cotton-polyester blend fabric called diqueliang in the 1960–70s, and highlights technology development and a sense of novelty attached to the acceptance of a new fabric. This article argues that the everyday life in Maoist China was not entirely dominated by the state; rather, the society made its choices based on their living conditions, which also shaped life in the socialist state.","PeriodicalId":41429,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Historical Review","volume":"29 1","pages":"11 - 33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47888579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"《胡適的頓挫——自由與威權衝撞下的政治抉擇》 (Hu Shi's Frustration: The Political Choice Between Freedom and Authority)","authors":"Guo Wu","doi":"10.1080/1547402X.2022.2050058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1547402X.2022.2050058","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41429,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Historical Review","volume":"29 1","pages":"62 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46898395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anecdote, Network, Gossip, Performance: Essays on the Shishuo Xinyu","authors":"Xiaoxiao Li","doi":"10.1080/1547402X.2022.2050056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1547402X.2022.2050056","url":null,"abstract":"Anecdote, Network, Gossip, Performance is a study of the Shishuo Xinyu, the most important anecdotal collection of medieval China-and arguably of the entire traditional era. In a set of interconnected essays, Jack W. Chen, associate professor of Chinese Literature of the University of Virginia, offers new readings of the Shishuo Xinyu that draw upon social network analysis, performance studies, theories of ritual and mourning, and concepts of gossip and reputation to illuminate how the anecdotes of the collection imagine and represent a political and cultural elite. Whereas most accounts of the Shishuo Xinyu have taken a historical approach, Chen argues that the work should be understood in literary terms. At its center,Anecdote, Network, Gossip, Performance is an extended meditation on the very nature of the anecdote form, both what the anecdote affords in terms of representing a social community and how it provides a space for the rehearsal of certain longstanding philosophical and cultural arguments. Although each of the chapters may be read separately as an essay in its own right, when taken together, they present a comprehensive account of the Shishuo in all of its literary complexity. “Shishuo Xinyu” is a classical masterpiece that has had a profound impact on Chinese literature, ideology and culture, and the spirit of scholars. The author of Shishuo Xinyu, the catalogue works of the past dynasties were recorded as Liu Yiqing, the Linchuan King of Southern Song Dynasty. With vivid descriptions and beautiful and refined language, it records the anecdotes of the characters in the late Han Dynasty, the Three Kingdoms, and the Western and Eastern Jin Dynasties in different categories, ranging from emperors, generals and ministers, to scholars, monks, and Taoists, especially the gentry class, which broadly reflected theWei and Jin Dynasties. The political struggles, academic thoughts, and social customs over the past two hundred years were the epitome of an era. Yuan Xingpei commented that the book “although it is a novelist’s language, it cannot be regarded directly as a novel. It has a true record of its social politics, philosophy, religion, literature, and the lifestyle and psychological state of scholars in the Wei and Jin Dynasties.” Zong Baihua even used Shishuo Xinyu to refer to the era of the Wei, Jin, and Six Dynasties at the end of Han Dynasty, and called it the “Shishuo Xinyu Era.” A book is used to represent an era, except for Confucius’ “Spring and Autumn,” which is an extremely rare phenomenon in Chinese history or Chinese cultural history. Therefore, since its publication for more than 1,500 years, “Shishuo Xinyu” has been very popular in the world, especially for scholars, and it is a mustread book in life. The Chinese Historical Review, 29. 1, 56–69, May 2022","PeriodicalId":41429,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Historical Review","volume":"29 1","pages":"56 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47218417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mao’s Bestiary: Medicinal Animals and Modern China","authors":"Huaiyu Chen","doi":"10.1080/1547402X.2022.2050059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1547402X.2022.2050059","url":null,"abstract":"chapters, Yi Gu analyzes paintings by individual artists from the early part of the century through the tumultuous years of the Japanese invasion and the socialist age that followed. A brief epilogue traces the continuing history of open-air painting as landscapes themselves change in China. Art schools still require some open-air painting experience. There are sufficient illustrations with curatorial information and copious notes and bibliography. Following Yi Gu’s vivid but detailed explanation, we would gain better understanding why so many artistic activities promoted by different groups and academies all around China as a promising business, in remote countryside and villages, and in urban areas with new inspiring attractions. I want to refer “aerial perspective” to one artistic case. In the morning light, Leonardo da Vinci observed distant objects, such as mountains, which looked bluer and less clear than nearby mountains. He also noticed that the farther the mountain is, the closer its color is to the color of the surrounding air. His experiments show that if the artist wants to correctly color the scenes of different distances and nears, he should follow the subsequent practices that to depict the nearest scene in real colors; use a darker blue for the scene behind it in proportion and use deeper for the scene behind it. Leonardo da Vinci summed it up as follows, “If an object is five times away, its blue should be five times darker.” The modern definition of “aerial perspective” is this term describes how air conditions affect our perception of distant objects. The closer the scene is to the horizon (or farther away), the lighter its tones, the blurrier the details, and the bluer or colder the colors. After reading Yi Gu’s book, we feel just the opposite. We have a clearer and fresher view of open-air painting in China and how they have reflected social, political, and cultural changes from the very beginning of open-air painting since 1910s.","PeriodicalId":41429,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Historical Review","volume":"29 1","pages":"67 - 69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41403697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"James Z. Gao, 1948-2021: from a Son of Hangzhou to an Explorer of a Cutting-Edge Paradigm","authors":"Zhi-Yi Yang","doi":"10.1080/1547402X.2022.2050053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1547402X.2022.2050053","url":null,"abstract":"This article is a tribute to James Z. Gao, a founding member of CHUS and the organization's first president (1987-1988), who passed away in 2021. It traces his life, education, and teaching career in China and the United States in the context of China's social and economic changes during his lifetime. It also describes his success as a history educator in the United States, focusing on the pedagogy and teaching methodologies that Gao applied to making his history courses meaningful and inspiring to his students. Gao devoted his academic career to searching for a paradigm to better explain the role of modernization and revolution in the transformation of China in the twentieth century, and the third part of the article illustrates such a commitment and his scholarly achievement.","PeriodicalId":41429,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Historical Review","volume":"29 1","pages":"1 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41574083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What the Emperor Built: Architecture and Empire in the Early Ming","authors":"Aaron Molnar","doi":"10.1080/1547402X.2022.2050057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1547402X.2022.2050057","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41429,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Historical Review","volume":"29 1","pages":"59 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47930549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chinese Ways of Seeing and Open-Air painting","authors":"Xiaoxiao Li","doi":"10.1080/1547402X.2022.2050116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1547402X.2022.2050116","url":null,"abstract":"genuine attitude towards Hu: Chiang more than once vented his anger and disdain towards Hu, denigrating him as a shameless, manipulative “rogue politician” (wulai zhengke無賴政客) and lackey of America (334–37) who wanted money, position, and prestige (p.319). However, instead of following through, Hu Shi gave up his resistance to Chiang’s coveting of power under political pressures, and Huang once again points out Hu’s ambivalence between his liberal, antiauthoritarian side and his anxiety-ridden and compromising personality. Hu Shi’s ambiguous position and identity as a “conservative liberal” met another challenge in theWenxingMagazine incident inwhich Lei Zhen, a radical liberal intellectual and outspoken critic of Chiang Kai-shek, was arrested and jailed. To another radical thinker Yin Haiguang, Hu Shi had become an instrument of power-holders and his relationship with political power was always ambiguous. Yet, for Hu Shi himself, he made a wise choice by maintaining his stature as an enlightenment thinker, a fighter for the ideal of freedom and a compromiser who refused to break with the government. Despite the magazine’s enthusiastic engagement with Hu Shi, Huconsistently turnedhis back tokeep adistance from thepolitical radicals’ temerity. Culturally, however, Hu Shi was still an iconoclastic even after he moved to Taiwan, and his assertion that theChinese tradition “does not contain the spiritual values conducive tomodern science” (229) offended the apologists ofChinese culture inTaiwan. Based on his steadfast defense of the liberal, anti-traditional legacy of the May Fourth Movement, Hu Shi challenged Chiang Kai-shek in Taiwan, insisting that the May Fourth iconoclasm was appropriate and Chinese “liberalism” should not be accountable for the rise of Communism, as Chiang denigrated. And Chapter 6 of the book focuses on the divergent interpretation of the meaning of the May Fourth in the 1950s’ Hong Kong and Taiwan. A timely and valuable addition to the burgeoning field of Hu Shi studies, the book successfully delineates the multiple facets of Hu Shi: the ideological origins of his liberal thinking, his political choice in early Republic partisan politics, and his enmeshed and troubled relationship with the Chiang Kai-shek administration in Taiwan. The book unravels this mixed image of Hu Shi as a person who harboured ambivalent personal ambitions to be a promoter of liberal democratic values, a defender of May Fourth progressivism, and a loyal yet critical minister to an authoritarian regime. Assuming all these personas indeed put Hu Shi in a “difficult situation” ( jianxin chujing艱辛處境) (390).","PeriodicalId":41429,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Historical Review","volume":"29 1","pages":"64 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43300532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Battle of Shanghai: How China Lost its Defense to Japan","authors":"Payce Whiteman","doi":"10.1080/1547402x.2022.2050055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1547402x.2022.2050055","url":null,"abstract":"This article on the Second Battle of Shanghai explains what caused a Chinese defeat in the face of Imperial Japan in 1937. The study of the battle is to examine how it is the Chinese lost while having greater manpower, the advantage of defense, and the backing of most of the West. The battle at Shanghai would unfold in front of the Shanghai International Settlement, allowing Western powers to witness the conflict unfold in front of their cameras and reporters. Despite this, this battle is mostly overlooked by most Western studies of the Second World War. This study examines how the lack of unity, poor leadership, inferior arms, and the lack of a long-term defensive plan undercut any advantages the Chinese held over the Japanese. This battle is the first major clash during the Second Sino-Japanese War, and arguably the first major battle of the Second World War.","PeriodicalId":41429,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Historical Review","volume":"29 1","pages":"34 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47358510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}