Journal of Veterinary Medical and One Health Research最新文献

{"title":"OBSERVATIONS OF SIX REPRODUCTIVE CYCLES AND FOOD HABITS OF BROWN FISH OWL NESTING AT THE HUMAN HABITAT IN BANGLADESH","authors":"M. A. Samad","doi":"10.36111/JVMOHR.2019.1(1).0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36111/JVMOHR.2019.1(1).0006","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Research reports on wild nocturnal bird especially Brown fish owl are very limited not only in Bangladesh but also elsewhere. \u0000\u0000Objectives: This paper describes the diet profile and physiology of reproduction of a pair of wild Brown fish owl. \u0000\u0000Materials and Methods: A breeding pair of Brown fish owl has been used the abandoned flower planting site on the window sunshade for their reproduction during six breeding cycles from 2013 to 2019. The behavior, food sources, food habits and their physiology of reproduction were observed closely and keenly for six reproductive cycles. \u0000\u0000Results: The male owl is usually brought prey by hunting at night and supplied to the female owl and their owlet at the nest but the only unconsumed prey lying on the nest were identified visually during the daytime. The most commonly recorded prey consumed by the habitat lost Brown fish owl include fish, frogs, rats, snake, birds and lizards. Investigation of all the six breeding cycles of this species of owl showed that all the six reproductive cycles were completed during the high cold winter months from end of November to early March. The egg clutch size varied from 1-2 with an average of 1.33 and the female owl alone incubated eggs and the incubation period varied from 37 to 38 days with an average of 37.5 days. The brooding and care of owlets were mainly performed by the female owl but the male owl supplied the food usually at night time. All the six reproductive cycles of the owls were successfully completed with fledged the juvenile owls between 53-63 days with an average of 59.25 days parental care with a total of breeding cycle from 91 to 101 with an average of 96.75 days. \u0000\u0000Conclusions: The objectives of the wild and zoo birds are for the conservation, research, education, recreation, ecology and economic benefits. This article would help to encourage development of bird parks, to create awareness of bird life and generate interest in ornithology and to help promote conservation of endangered species of birds by captive breeding.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Brown fish owl, Food and food habits, Physiology of reproduction, Egg clutch, Incubation period, Seasonal breeding cycle","PeriodicalId":414120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical and One Health Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134061888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 50-YEAR REVIEW ON THE PREVALENCE OF CLINICAL DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF CATTLE IN BANGLADESH","authors":"M. A. Samad","doi":"10.36111/JVMOHR.2019.1(1).0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36111/JVMOHR.2019.1(1).0001","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The 25.7 million cattle populations in Bangladesh which is endangered by different diseases and disorders that are associated with significant socio-economic losses to the smallholder farmers and even in modern dairy farms. More than 100 articles on the retrospective evaluation of clinical case records have been published during the last 50 years from 1968 to 2018 in Bangladesh and their compilation and evaluation would help to understand the predominant diseases associated with morbidity and mortality. \u0000\u0000Objectives: To analyze and evaluate the 50-year data on the prevalence of clinical diseases and disorders of cattle to identify the predominant and priority ailments for their prevention and control.\u0000\u0000Materials and Methods: Data obtained from all the available 118 articles published on clinical cases of cattle during the last 50 years in Bangladesh were analyzed to detect their status on bovine health. \u0000\u0000Results: Out of 137 different types of clinical cases recorded during the last 50 years, of which, calves affected with 27 (19.71%), adult cattle with 76 (55.47%) and both calves and adult cattle with 34 (24.82%) types of diseases and disorders. The highly statistical significant (p < 0001) percentage of clinical cases of cattle required medicinal treatment (81.19%) in comparison to surgical (10.03%) and gynaeco-obstetrical (GO; 08.78%) intervention. Results revealed that the parasitic diseases (fascioliasis 66.16%, humpsore 22.35%, gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodiasis 17.44%, ascariasis 12.17%, tick infestation 15.71%) and GI disorders (anorexia 14.90%, indigestion 6.15%) were highly prevalent as clinical cases in comparison to infectious diseases (anthrax 0.21%, BQ 0.92% and HS 0.45%) except FMD (10.13%) and mastitis (6.46%). Anestrus (3.04%), retained placenta (2.73%), repeat breeding (2.73%) and pyometra (2.12%) were recorded as major gynaeco-obstetrical problems, whereas umbilical myiasis (10.11%), lameness (4.25%) and abscess (1.15%) that mainly required surgical interventions. \u0000\u0000Conclusions: The analysis of 50-year published reports on clinical cases of cattle gives an overall comprehensive idea about the disease problems that would help to formulate the devices for their prevention and control.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Prevalence, Clinical diseases and disorders, 50-year review, Calf diseases, Adult cattle diseases, Medicinal cases, Gynaeco-obstetrical cases, Surgical cases","PeriodicalId":414120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical and One Health Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128865740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF ANIMAL WELFARE STATUS DURING TRANSPORTATION AND SLAUGHTERING OF RUMINANT ANIMALS AT LOCAL SLAUGHTER HOUSES IN BANGLADESH","authors":"K. Rudra","doi":"10.36111/JVMOHR.2019.1(1).0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36111/JVMOHR.2019.1(1).0008","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Most of the developing countries including Bangladesh where humane treatment of slaughter animals is not satisfactorily practiced mainly due to poorly developed and implemented animal welfare legislation resulting in stress conditions and excessive suffering of animals.\u0000\u0000Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the animal welfare knowledge and attitudes of animal transporters and butchers during transportation and slaughtering animals in local slaughter houses in Bangladesh \u0000\u0000Materials and Methods: This study was carried out from July to October 2017 at 40 local slaughter houses of 10 Upazilas in Mymensingh district. A pre-structured questionnaire was used to collect information from butchers at pre- and during slaughtering animals. The welfare data of 123 ruminant animals (84 cattle, 31 goats and 8 sheep) which were subjected to slaughter was collected by direct observation and examination. \u0000\u0000Results: Meat animals are usually purchased from the local market, some from farms and even from imported Indian cattle are usually transported from far away to slaughter houses. Significantly (p < 0.01) highest percentage of animals were transported by walking (42.28%), followed by truck (22.76%), pick-up van (20.33%), local vehicle (11.38%) and lowest by auto-rickshaw (3.25%). Small ruminants were kept in a lair-age for 1 to 2 days but most of the cattle were slaughtered upon arrival. Out of 123 animals investigated, 0.81 to 4.07% had lameness, 0.81 to 10.57% had skin lesions and 4.06 to 18.69% had dirty conditions in the different body regions. Diarrhea was recorded in 4.88% animals whereas 7.32% had nasal and 4.07% had ocular discharges. Lair-age was found in 85% slaughter houses with pacca (15.0%), kaccha (45.0%) and semi-pacca (40.0%) conditions but 80% had no bedding materials and 92.5% dirty floor condition. Mostly jute rope (89.43%) and halal method (100%) were used for casting and slaughtering of animals respectively without regular veterinary inspection. The stress caused by transportation and slaughtering of animals were not minimized due to lack of practice of animal welfare legislation in Bangladesh. \u0000\u0000Conclusions: The insufficient knowledge of animal transporters and butchers about animal behavior and animal welfare suggests that there is a need to improve animal welfare situation through training to the concerned people. Humane slaughter of animals may reduce the incidence of injury to the animals and less bruise to the carcasses that improve the meat quality. \u0000\u0000Keywords: Transportation, Slaughter house, Animal welfare, Animal handling, Butchers","PeriodicalId":414120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical and One Health Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132237077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}