Journal of Veterinary Medical and One Health Research最新文献

{"title":"A SIX-DECADE REVIEW: RESEARCH ON CATTLE PRODUCTION, MANAGEMENT AND DAIRY PRODUCTS IN BANGLADESH","authors":"M. A. Samad","doi":"10.36111//jvmohr.2020.2(2).0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36111//jvmohr.2020.2(2).0021","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Historical changes in the demand of animal protein sources (milk & meat) for human consumption have been largely increased due to increased growth of human population, income and urbanization in Bangladesh. Research on cattle production and management especially cattle breeding, feeds and fodders, milk production and products have contributed to increase potential production and genetic gains of cattle. A comprehensive review on the published inland research reports on cattle production, management and dairy products are lacking in literature which is required for further research for the cattle development and production.\u0000Objectives: An attempt to review on the published inland research reports on the advances in science and technology on cattle production, management and dairy products in Bangladesh\u0000Materials and Methods: A systematic literature review of research articles on cattle production, management and dairy products published between 1962 and 2020 from Bangladesh has been reviewed. A total of 1185 research articles on cattle production, management and dairy products supported with some international related articles have been reviewed and analyzed. \u0000Results: Research data on cattle production, management and dairy products are compiled from 1185 different research reports supported with some international reports. This review covers the status of cattle breeds and varieties with tabulated summary of 21 reports on draught cattle, 83 on fodder production, 97 on nutrition, feeds and feeding, 88 on trials of different feed formulations in non-dairy cattle and 68 on dairy cattle, 5 on the effects of heat stress on health and production, 39 on fattening of cattle, 27 on genetics and breeding, 75 on semen and AI, 20 on factors associated with conception rate (CR), 8 on oocyte and embryo collection, 9 on genotypes of dairy cows, 7 on management of smallholder dairy farms, 48 on milk production status of dairy cattle, 32 on economics of rearing cattle, 99 on productive and reproductive performances of cattle, 7 on estrus and pregnancy diagnosis, 7 problems of dairy farmers, 23 on preservative and adulteration of milk, 20 on constituents and methods of sweet preparation, 11 on cheese preparation, 9 on ice-cream, 56 on yoghurt, 4 on beef cattle production, 34 on birth weight, and 15 on calf rearing including calf milk replacer and calf starter. \u0000Conclusions: Data based reports are important for priority setting and targeting with mandate for cattle development and increase production. Currently, one of the biggest gaps in the inland datasets on cattle research and this review addresses this gap by bringing together in a review and highlighting some of the major findings. Cross-breeding remains an attractive option for cattle improvement because of the quick results that can be obtained by its use and the potential benefits it has farmers. This review would serve as an archive of research reports on cattle production, management and dai","PeriodicalId":414120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical and One Health Research","volume":"166 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122269937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPARISON OF HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSES BETWEEN CATTLE AND BUFFALOES IMMUNIZED WITH COMMERCIAL BRUCELLA ABORTUS STRAIN RB51 VACCINE IN BANGLADESH","authors":"A. Mohamud, A. Mohamud, M. Rahman, M. Ehsan, A. Maruf, F. Yasmin, F. Karim, H. Neubauer","doi":"10.36111/jvmohr.2020.2(2).0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36111/jvmohr.2020.2(2).0022","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The effective control and eradication of brucellosis can be achieved by rapid and accurate diagnosis and effective vaccination but both have limitations. Therefore, brucellosis research is currently focused on the improvement of the diagnosis and vaccine induced prophylaxis. Moreover, diagnostic tests and immunization have not been thoroughly studied in buffaloes and even not compared with cattle. Therefore, the comparative evaluation of the immunological responses of Brucella vaccinated cattle and buffaloes would be required for both the diagnosis and vaccine induced efficacy. \u0000Objectives: The main objective of this study was to compare the humoral immune response (HIR) between cattle and buffalo cows immunized with B. abortus RB51 vaccine by using indirect ELISA\u0000Materials and Methods: Each of the three randomly selected B. abortus sero-negative native cows and three buffaloes received 2.0 ml imported commercial B. abortus SRB51 vaccine subcutaneously in the neck region at day 0 and then booster dose at 60 days after first vaccination with similar dose and route. Each of the collected serum samples of both the cattle and buffaloes was tested to detect the antibody status by using commercial indirect ELISA kit.\u0000Results: The results showed that the OD value of the serum of cows and buffalos before inoculation of RB51 B. abortus vaccine was 0.088 ± 0.009 and 0.096  0.011 at 0 week and 0.124 ± 0.018 and 0.111  0.010 at 1st week, near about the negative control OD value (0.106). After that, the OD value started to rise from the 2nd week (OD value (0.144 ± 0.023 and 0.1333  0.007) and reached to a peak level at 90 days (OD value 0.376  0.0080 and 0.316  0.219) and then started to decline from 120 days (OD value 0.2963  0.0416 and 0.2863  0.070) to 180 days (OD value 0.1943 0.073 and 0.176 0.172) in cows and buffalos respectively.\u0000Conclusion: This study suggests that the RB51 vaccination has induced satisfactory HIR with initial inoculation but significantly higher immune responses with booster immunization which enhancing immunity against both in the cattle and buffaloes. The CMI plays major role in protection against brucellosis needs further investigation in both cattle and buffaloes in Bangladesh.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Brucellosis, SRB51 vaccine, Humoral immune response (HIR), I-ELISA, Cattle and Buffaloes","PeriodicalId":414120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical and One Health Research","volume":"258 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132236140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS ANTHRAX AT THE ANTHRAX BELT SIRAJGONJ DISTRICT IN BANGLADESH","authors":"M. M. Rahman, M. S. Hossain, M. Haque, M. Nabi, M. G. Morshed, G. Ahsan","doi":"10.36111/jvmohr.2020.2(2).0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36111/jvmohr.2020.2(2).0023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anthrax is one of the most important endemic zoonotic diseases due to its negative impact on the smallholder farmers associated with mortality in livestock and disease in humans in Bangladesh.\u0000Objective: The main objective of this investigation was to assess the extent of knowledge, awareness, attitude and practices addressing anthrax in animals and humans in the communities of Bangladesh\u0000Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted in the ‘anthrax belt’ Sirajgonj district where several anthrax outbreaks have been reported in both the livestock and humans. A total of 26 household were selected randomly for sampling from each of four villages during the period from August to December 2013. A total of 104 adult respondents participated in the questionnaire survey and the data were calculated by using the formula 4 pq/d2 and Chi-square test using software.\u0000Results: Result shows that 55.8% of the community respondents had knowledge of anthrax, while 44.2% of them did not. Analysis of anthrax cases record obtained from respondents showed 49.8% animals, 44.0% humans and 6.2% birds affected with this disease. Only 18.3 to 28.2% respondents knew the clinical signs cutaneous, gastro-intestinal and pulmonary forms, whereas 13.3 to 25.5% respondents knew more than one transmission routes in animals and humans. A certain percentage (2.9 to 16.8% & 8.9 to 20.9%) of community people obtained information on the outbreaks of anthrax in animals and humans from communication media, NGO workers and community health workers. \u0000Conclusions: The knowledge on anthrax of the participants was low with no consistent understanding of the disease. The educated family members in farming practices could improve the awareness and knowledge towards zoonotic diseases including anthrax. These findings could be useful for the decision makers to build technical capacity of veterinary medical services and to foster a ‘One Health’ approach especially a continued infection prevention and control training program for animal owners and local residents with close surveillance and reporting, burying or cremation of dead animal carcasses and decontamination and disinfection procedures as well as immunization of animals against anthrax to prevent the infection in endemic areas.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Anthrax, Bangladesh, Questionnaire survey, Knowledge, Attitude, Anthrax belt district","PeriodicalId":414120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical and One Health Research","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126276556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HOST FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE PREVALENCE OF CLINICAL MASTITIS IN LACTATING GOATS AT CHATTOGRAM CITY CORPORATION AREAS IN BANGLADESH","authors":"M. Foysal, M. Haque, M. M. Rahman, M. G. Morshed, M. Nabi, S. Sultana, A. Saifuddin, M. S. Hossain","doi":"10.36111/JVMOHR.2020.2(2).0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36111/JVMOHR.2020.2(2).0025","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mastitis is a multi-factorial and complex contagious disease of animal and public health importance associated with heavy economic loss in dairy industry worldwide. Some inland reports on the prevalence of sub-clinical mastitis (SCM) have been published but reports on clinical mastitis (CM) in lactating goats are very limited in Bangladesh. \u0000Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of host factors associated with the prevalence of CM in lactating goats of Chattogram City Corporation areas (CCCA).\u0000Materials and Methods: This study included 100 selected lactating goats brought for treatment at the two Veterinary medical hospitals which include TVH, CVASU and Upazila Veterinary Hospital, CCCA in Bangladesh during the month of April 2019. The CM was diagnosed in each of the selected lactating goats by visual inspection and physical palpation methods of teat and udder and abnormalities of milk.\u0000Results: This study examined clinically 100 lactating goats brought for treatment at the two veterinary hospitals at the CCCA, of which 43.0% affected with CM. Host factors including breeds, age, parity and lactation periods were used to detect their influence on the prevalence of CM in lactating goats. Higher prevalence of CM was recorded in Jamnapari (48.21%) in comparison to crossbred (37.5%) and Black Bengal (33.33%) goats. Higher prevalence of CM was observed in goats aged between 3 and 4 years (53.66%) in comparison to < 2 years (28.57%), 5-6 years (44.44%) and >6 years (50.0%). Influence of parity on the higher prevalence of caprine mastitis was observed during 3 to 4 parities (58.06%), followed by > 6 (28.57%) and < 2 (26.67%) parities. Similarly higher prevalence of CM was recorded in late (60.0%) in comparison to mid (43.90%) and early (33.33%) lactations. \u0000Conclusions: An overall 43.00% prevalence of CM recorded in lactating goats at the CCCA where goats are mainly maintained in both semi-intensive and intensive management systems. This study showed some association exists between the host factors and prevalence of CM in lactating goats which suggests the need for prevention of mastitis in goats considering these host factors.","PeriodicalId":414120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical and One Health Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125461914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATION OF BISPHENOL A INDUCED EFFECTS ON BLOOD BIO-CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND HISTO-STRUCTURE OF LIVER IN \u0000SWISS ALBINO MICE AND ITS ‘ONE HEALTH’ PERSPECTIVES","authors":"E. Hoque","doi":"10.36111/JVMOHR.2019.1(1).0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36111/JVMOHR.2019.1(1).0007","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a plastic synthetic chemical ingredient produced widely in large quantities for use primarily in production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins worldwide. The toxicity of BPA in human health is associated with enzymatic, androgenic, neurologic, liver and reproductive systems which have been reported but its toxicokinetics has not been established and even its status is not documented in Bangladesh. \u0000\u0000Objectives: The aim of this study was to detect the BPA induced effects on blood bio-chemical constituents and histo-texture of liver in adult Swiss albino mice. \u0000\u0000Materials and Methods: Fifteen mice, 6 to 8 weeks of age with an average bwt 27.1  0.5g, were equally divided into three groups (n = 5). Group A (control) received only normal mouse pellet feed while groups B and C received pellet feed mixed with BPA (Sigma-Aldrich Co., USA) @ 50 mg and 100 mg / kg bwt daily for 12 weeks, respectively. Sera of all the mice were tested for biochemical constituents and liver tissues for histo-pathological studies. \u0000\u0000Results: Results showed that cholesterol and LDL levels were elevated significantly (p < 0.01) in both the BPA treated groups (B and C) respectively in comparison to control group A. The HDL cholesterol and TG levels in mice of group C treated with BPA @100 mg / kg BW were significantly (p < 0.01) reduced in comparison to control group of mice. Serum glucose level was significantly (p < 0.1) decreased in both the BPA treated groups (B and C) whereas total serum protein level in mice of group C significantly (p < 0.1) increased in comparison to control group A. The liver enzymes (ALT, AST & ALP) were also significantly (p < 0.01) increased in BPA treated mice in comparison to control. Histo-pathological alterations were also detected in the liver of BPA-treated mice of both the groups. \u0000\u0000Conclusions: These findings provide evidence of changes in the blood bio-chemical constituents and liver histo-texture induced by BPA and may have implications for understanding the toxicity of BPA in animals and humans. Further research may be performed on the status of level of BPA in food and beverage of plastic containers and their impact on human health in Bangladesh.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Bisphenol A, Mice, Induced effects, Biochemical constituents, Histo-structure of liver, Public health importance","PeriodicalId":414120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical and One Health Research","volume":"462 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125812919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF ASCITES IN SPITZ DOG IN BANGLADESH WITH A BRIEF REVIEW ON CANINE ASCITES","authors":"M. A. Samad","doi":"10.36111/JVMOHR.2019.1(1).0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36111/JVMOHR.2019.1(1).0005","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ascites is one of the most important clinical syndromes, caused by multiple organ disorders, characterized by abdominal distension with accumulation of fluid of various colors and consistencies depending on the etiology that are encountered commonly in canine practice worldwide. Although it has been reported from different countries including India but it has not yet been documented from Bangladesh. \u0000\u0000Objectives: To evaluate the successful therapeutic management of a clinical case of ascites in dog supported with its brief review for its appropriate application \u0000\u0000Materials and Methods: A female Spitz dog two and half years old brought for treatment with the history of abdominal distension on 1st November 2009. Clinical examination, abdominocentesis and laboratory examination of ascitic fluid were used for the diagnosis of ascites in dog.\u0000\u0000Results: Clinical examination revealed dyspnea, discomfort, lethargy, weakness, pale mucous membrane, normal rectal temperature 103.2 0F and distended abdomen with fluid thrill on palpation. Examination of ascitic fluid revealed clear white fluid (pure transudate) which is mainly hepatic origin resulting portal hypertension and hypoproteinaemia. Treatment with restricted sodium diet, antibiotic (amoxicillin), diuretic (furosemide; Lasix, Sanofi Aventis) and vitamin B-complex and C- vitamin supplement with regular monitoring assisted in successful recovery. The recovered dog survived for next five years up to 2014 and then died due to other reasons. \u0000\u0000Conclusions: This clinical case record on canine ascites with successful treatment along with review especially on the methods of diagnosis and cause-wise treatment would certainly help the clinician for proper management of the clinical cases of canine ascites.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Ascites, Spitz dog, Diagnosis, SAAG, Therapeutic management, Brief review","PeriodicalId":414120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical and One Health Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115791695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PREVALENCE OF CERTAIN VIRAL DISEASES AND DIROFILARIA IMMITIS INFECTION IN STRAY DOGS IN BANGLADESH","authors":"M. Tarafder","doi":"10.36111/JVMOHR.2019.1(1).0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36111/JVMOHR.2019.1(1).0004","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stray and pet dogs constitute the dog population in Bangladesh without any established dog statistics. Diseases of dogs are not only associated with morbidity and mortality in dogs but also associated with human health problems as zoonotic diseases. Inland reports on the prevalence of dog diseases are limited in Bangladesh and there is need to investigate diseases in both stray and pet dog populations. \u0000\u0000Objectives: The main objective is to determine the prevalence of Canine distemper (CD), Canine adenovirus- 1 (CAV-1), CAV-2, Canine influenza (CI) and Dirofilaria immitis (Heart worm infection = HWI) infection in stray dogs in Bangladesh. \u0000\u0000Materials and Methods: Blood, ocular and nasal samples were collected from each of 30 randomly caught stray dogs (11 male and 19 female) and of different ages, including growing (n = 3) and adult (n = 27) dogs in the district of Mymensingh in Bangladesh from January to June 2010. These samples were tested by using Antigen Test Kits (RapiGEN Inc, Korea). \u0000\u0000Results: All the 30 stray dogs showed negative results to CD, CAV-1 and CAV-2, whereas an overall high prevalence of CI (4/30; 13.33%) and HWI (15/30; 50.0%) were recorded. The higher prevalence of CI was recorded in growing (n = 2/3; 66.67%) than adult (n = 2/27; 7.41%) but it did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) between male (n = 2/11; 18.18%) and female (n = 2/19; 10.53%) dogs. Significantly (p < 0.05) higher prevalence of D. immitis infection was recorded in adult (n = 15/27; 55.56%) than growing (0/3; 0.0%), male (n = 8/11; 72.73%) than female (n = 7/19; 36.84%) dogs. \u0000\u0000Conclusions: Further studies on CI and D. immitis are necessary on a large population of stray and pet small animals along with humans to ascertain their importance on health and zoonotic significance in Bangladesh. \u0000\u0000Key words: Viral diseases, Dirofilariasis, Stray dogs, Antigen test kits","PeriodicalId":414120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical and One Health Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126566999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPARISON OF BACTERIAL PATHOGENS ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF BOVINE MASTITIS AND THEIR ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE\u0000STATUS IN BANGLADESH","authors":"S. F. Siddiki","doi":"10.36111/JVMOHR.2019.1(1).0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36111/JVMOHR.2019.1(1).0002","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mastitis is one of the most prevalent complex diseases of mammals with high economic impact in dairy industry worldwide. Most of the published inland reports on bovine mastitis are mainly based on sub-clinical mastitis and some extent to clinical types. \u0000\u0000Objectives: The main objectives of this study are (a) to compare the bacterial pathogens associated with sub-clinical, clinical and chronic mastitis, and (b) to detect the antibiotic sensitivity and resistance status of the isolated bacteria from different types of mastitis. \u0000\u0000Materials and Methods: A total of 539 quarter milk samples, collected from lactating cows of Rajshahi and Mymensingh districts were subjected to standard bacterial culture and biochemical tests during the period of 2010-2011. Antibiogram test was done on bacteria isolated from sub-clinical (n = 444), acute (n = 35) and chronic (n = 60) mastitis cases include Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Bacillus spp. and E. coli in 78.54%, 80% and 71.67% milk samples as a single and 21.46%, 20% and 28.33% as mixed infection, respectively. \u0000\u0000Results: The Staphylococcus spp. was recorded as major pathogen for all the sub-clinical (42.15%), acute (45.71%) and chronic (41.67%) mastitis cases. The right hind quarters were found significantly (p < 0.05) more affected with sub-clinical, acute and chronic types of mastitis than other three quarters in cows. The highest sensitivity (up to 100%) was recorded with gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, oxytetracycline and enrofloxacin against all the tested four organisms isolated from sub-clinical, clinical and chronic mastitis cases. Antibiotic resistance was highly prevalent, especially streptomycin (70-100%), amoxicillin (30-100%) and ampicillin (0-100%) against the four isolated bacteria of three different types of mastitis. \u0000\u0000Conclusions: It may be concluded that there is a need to establish a nationwide plan for monitoring the resistance of antibiotics and ensure the cautious use of antibiotics in the veterinary medical practices.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Bovine mastitis, Clinical mastitis, Subclinical mastitis, Chronic mastitis, Mastitic bacterial pathogens and Antibiogram","PeriodicalId":414120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical and One Health Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130764936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PREVALENCE OF SUB-CLINCIAL KETOSIS AND ITS ASSOCIATED COW LEVEL RISK FACTORS IN LACTATING DAIRY CROSS-BRED COWS IN BANGLADESH","authors":"S. Hossain","doi":"10.36111/JVMOHR.2019.1(1).0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36111/JVMOHR.2019.1(1).0003","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ketosis is one of the most economically important metabolic diseases commonly found in high milk producing dairy cows worldwide. Objectives: The main objectives of this study were: (a) to evaluate the relationship between the urinary ketone bodies Rothera’s test and the serum glucose level to determine the prevalence of sub-clinical ketosis (SCK) and (b) to explore the cow-level risk factors associated with SCK in cross-bred dairy cows. Materials and Methods: Two types of cross-bred, Holstein Friesian  Local (HF  L) and Shahiwal  Local (SH  L) of a total of 68 lactating cows of three dairy herds were randomly selected to study the SCK from January to May 2012. Serum glucose level (SGL) was estimated by using Reflotron Glucose test strip (Roche) and urinary ketone bodies (UKB) by Rothera’s nitroprusside test. Results: An overall 25% prevalence of SCK was detected by Rothera’s test of which comparatively higher percentage of SCK was recorded in HF  L (25.9%) than SH  L (21.43%) cross-bred lactating cows. The overall SGL of Rothera’s test positive cases varied from 30 to 39 mg / dl with an average of 34.24  2.44 which was significantly (p < 0.001) lower than the Rothera’s test negative cows (40 to 49 and 46.27  3.77 mg / dl). The SCK detected on Rothera’s test was compared with SGL which was 100% sensitivity at  39 mg / dl which could be considered as a ‘cutoff point’ of SGL for SCK. Results of the Rothera’s test were highly correlated with the concentrations of SGL. The significantly (p < 0.01) highest prevalence of SCK was recorded in the fourth parity (66.7%) and fourth week of lactation (46.7%) in comparison to their respective parameters. Conclusions: The present findings reveal that the prevalence of SCK in lactating dairy cows in Bangladesh is very high and remain undetected and unattended. To prevent the SCK, feeding a good feed stuff and implementing good management at the transition period with regular testing for detecting SCK to reduce the consequences and economic losses caused by SCK in dairy industry in Bangladesh. Keywords: Serum glucose level, Rothera’s test, Subclinical ketosis, Cross-bred dairy cows, Cow-level risk factors","PeriodicalId":414120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical and One Health Research","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122394433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DETECTION OF LEISHMANIA INFECTION IN STRAY DOGS IN HUMAN LEISHMANIASIS ENDEMIC AREA IN MYMENSINGH DISTRICT WITH \u0000ITS POSSIBLE PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE IN BANGLADESH","authors":"M. A. Hossen","doi":"10.36111/JVMOHR.2019.1(1).0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36111/JVMOHR.2019.1(1).0009","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Leishmaniasis is primarily caused by two species of Leishmania (L. donovani and L. infantum) of which clinical infection with L. infantum has been recognized in both humans and dogs as zoonotic disease with dogs as the main reservoir hosts in the Mediterranean, the Middle East, Asia and South America. Although L. donovani has been associated with both clinical and asymptomatic infection in humans but it is still associated with asymptomatic infection in dogs in Indian sub-continent without any evidence of zoonotic infection. \u0000\u0000Objectives: The objective of this research was to investigate the potentiality of dog as reservoir host for visceral leishmaniasis in the human leishmaniasis endemic regions in Bangladesh. \u0000\u0000Materials and Methods: A total of 20 stray dogs in the human VL endemic areas of Mymensingh district were captured for the detection VL during the period of November 2010 to May 2011. The dipstick test rK39 (Bios International; n = 20), Giemsa’s stained impression smears of liver and spleen (n = 6) and PCR with the tissue of liver and spleen (n = 6) were tested as per manufacturer instructions and conventional standard methods. \u0000\u0000Results: Out of 20 stray dogs examined, 4 (20.0%) were positive for L. donovani infection with rK39 strip test. Of the six randomly selected dogs tested with Modified Giemsa’s stained of impression smears of spleen and liver showed 2 (33.33%) positive whereas PCR technique detected 5 (83.33%) positive for L. donovani. Results of PCR showed 145bp amplicon, specific for L. donovani infection in 83.33% stray dogs. \u0000\u0000Conclusions: This study reveals that a high percentage of L. donovani asymptomatic carrier infections occur in dogs and evidence indicates that dogs and humans may potentially serve as a source of infection to sand fly vectors and accordingly dogs can be recognized as a probable animal reservoir for the Leishmania infection in the endemic region in Bangladesh. However, further studies are required to determine the ability of dogs to transmit the L. donovani to the vector sand fly in nature and its evidence on ‘One Health’ perspectives. \u0000\u0000Keywords: Visceral leishmaniasis, Endemic region, Stray dogs, rK39 strip test, Giemsa’s stained liver and spleen impression smears, PCR, Reservoir host, Mymensingh","PeriodicalId":414120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical and One Health Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134261662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}