{"title":"Pieteikuma tiesības administratīvajā tiesā un varas dalīšanas princips","authors":"Inga Bērtaite-Pudāne","doi":"10.22364/juzk.80.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/juzk.80.48","url":null,"abstract":"Standing before the administrative court and the principle of separation of powers is a relatively rarely discussed topic in the continental legal tradition. This article focuses on the said topic in the Latvian legal system. The possible impact of the individual legal standing, as well as of actio popularis in environmental cases, on the principle of separation of powers is analysed separately.","PeriodicalId":413617,"journal":{"name":"Latvijas Republikas Satversmei – 100","volume":"02 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129148990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Legalizēšanas nozieguma objekta De Lege Ferenda","authors":"Juris Janums","doi":"10.22364/juzk.80.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/juzk.80.23","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the changes in the structure of the Laundering of the Proceeds from Crime in the Criminal Law as a legal norm, that has a blanket reference, after the implementation of the FATF recommendations in Latvia, especially paying attention to the object of Laundering of the Proceeds from Crime from the point of view of the Progressive criminal law school as of de lege ferenda, seeking to establish what the person is responsible for in the case of laundering crime. Thus, by taking a brief view at the findings of the Latvian criminal law theory on the object of a criminal offense and the protection of economic, fiscal and monetary interests in the Criminal Law in Latvia, the author finds that one of the constituent elements of a criminal offense – i.e., the object (protected interest) – theoretically de facto does not exist in the Laundering of the Proceeds from Crime offence. Thereby the principle of Nullum crimen nulla poena sine lege as provided in the Section 1 of the Criminal Law is not respected. At the end of the article, the author offers his solution to the established problem – it is to restore the previously stroked reference to the predicate crime in the description of the laundering crime, thus restoring the unbreakable link of money laundering crime with predicate crime, which would reveal to the law enforcer the legal interest protected by the Criminal Law.","PeriodicalId":413617,"journal":{"name":"Latvijas Republikas Satversmei – 100","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124178718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Konstitucionālo tiesību aizskārumi tiesu praksē par mantas atzīšanu par noziedzīgi iegūtu","authors":"Vadims Reinfelds","doi":"10.22364/juzk.80.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/juzk.80.41","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of non-conviction based asset forfeiture laws, policies and court decisions leads to a conclusion that the fundamental human right to property is violated on a systemic scale – standards of proof fall below standard of preponderance of evidence established by current Criminal Law, leading to confiscation of assets without a proof of true criminal origin. Meanwhile, the proof of the criminal origin of assets in most cases is neither linked to the existence of a predicate crime, nor to the traceability of assets from such crime. De facto, in most cases the only sufficient ground for asset forfeiture is a transactional activity match to suspicious transaction methodology by FIU – the lowest possible level of standard of proof, not reaching even the standards of reasonable suspicion or probable cause. Moreover, it is made difficult to prove the legal origin of the property, restricting admission of evidence of legality, as well as presuming “that there should be no difficulty in proving legitimate origin”, regardless of the asset size, transaction history and objective capabilities of the owner.","PeriodicalId":413617,"journal":{"name":"Latvijas Republikas Satversmei – 100","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114369055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Noziedzīgi iegūtas mantas institūta izpratnes no 1961. līdz 1991. gadam ģenēzes avoti","authors":"Daira Sergejeva","doi":"10.22364/juzk.80.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/juzk.80.35","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides an insight into the comprehension of sources of genesis underlying the institute of criminally acquired property in the territory of Latvia in the period from 1961 to 1991 (hereinafter – Soviet period). It should be emphasized that the legal regulation and understanding of the institute of criminally acquired property in the Soviet period was in line of that time, it can be concluded that the basic regulatory principles of the institute of criminally acquired property in the Soviet period can be found in the legal framework of the Russian Empire. It is a peculiar and even paradoxical synthesis of the ideology of Marxism-Leninism and the classical criminal procedure.","PeriodicalId":413617,"journal":{"name":"Latvijas Republikas Satversmei – 100","volume":"107 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117293657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tiešā prasība apdrošināšanas līgumtiesībās un tās regulējuma pilnveides nepieciešamība Latvijā","authors":"Vadims Mantrovs","doi":"10.22364/juzk.80.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/juzk.80.07","url":null,"abstract":"The present article deals with direct claim in insurance contract law in Latvia in conjuncture with a discussion of necessity for its modernization. At the beginning, the article provides review of direct claim in Latvian legal environment by analysing its aim and character. Furthermore, the article analyses regulation of direct claim in Latvian civil liability insurance law, particularly Article 53 of theLatvian Insurance Contract Law, in conjuncture with existing Latvian court practice by providing insight in the perception of Latvian courts in respect of application of this regulation. Likewise, this discussion is carried out closely with analysis of regulation of direct claim in other European countries, especially other Baltic states. The article proceeds with characterising modernization of Latvian civil liability insurance regulation on direct claim. Particularly, the author of the article argues that direct claim should be envisaged in Latvia at least in compulsory insurance by following the modern approach and an example of other European countries including the Baltic states. The article finishes with the conclusion summarising the discussion reflected in the article and emphasising the legislative proposal to express Article 53 of the Latvian Insurance Contract Law in a new wording envisaging direct claim at least in compulsory insurance cases.","PeriodicalId":413617,"journal":{"name":"Latvijas Republikas Satversmei – 100","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133009134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tiesiskās paļāvības principa nozīme krimināltiesību normu piemērošanā","authors":"Māris Leja","doi":"10.22364/juzk.80.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/juzk.80.18","url":null,"abstract":"The publication examines the impact of the principle of the protection of legitimate expectations on the understanding of the legal concept of legal error in criminal law. It argues that the prevailing view in Latvian criminal law, according to which a legal error cannot affect criminal liability, does not apply, if the following two (cumulative) conditions are met: the person believed, as a result of erroneous information by a competent authority of the State, that he was acting lawfully, even though that conduct actually met all the elements of a criminal offence; and the person had a right to rely on this information.","PeriodicalId":413617,"journal":{"name":"Latvijas Republikas Satversmei – 100","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121466766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Autonomā interpretācija Briseles I bis regulā","authors":"Inga Kačevska","doi":"10.22364/juzk.80.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/juzk.80.28","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution discusses the autonomous interpretation of concepts in the Brussels I bis regulation. It explains a meaning of “autonomous interpretation” and gives guidance for establishment of autonomous concepts in the Regulation. Most particularly, this article deals with the autonomous meanings of “sale of goods”, “provision of services”, “object rights in rem in immovable property or tenancies” and difficulties of application of those concepts in the courts of Latvia.","PeriodicalId":413617,"journal":{"name":"Latvijas Republikas Satversmei – 100","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114142266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Atsevišķi galvojuma institūta aspekti profesora Aleksandra Būmaņa un Senāta judikatūras atziņās","authors":"Erlens Kalniņš","doi":"10.22364/juzk.80.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/juzk.80.06","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers certain aspects of the institute of suretyship, reflecting the insights into the relevant issues that can be found in the dissertation “Suretyship in Civil Law” by Professor Aleksandrs Būmanis (1881–1937), defended in 1933, and expressed in the recent case law of the Senate. Although the final conclusions (leading theses) of A. Būmanis and the Senate coincide in all aspects discussed in this article, not all of these conclusions have been supported by the same arguments. Therefore, the article explores the differences or similarities in the reasoning used by A. Būmanis and the case law of Senate in order to support the above-mentioned final conclusions.","PeriodicalId":413617,"journal":{"name":"Latvijas Republikas Satversmei – 100","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116766274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Īpašuma aizsardzība Satversmē","authors":"Jānis Rozenfelds","doi":"10.22364/juzk.80.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/juzk.80.03","url":null,"abstract":"Constitution of Latvia of 1922 consisted of 88 articles. Chapter VIII of the Constitution addressing human rights’ protection became a part of the Constitution only in 1997. Article 105 provides that everyone has the right to own property. Article 105 of Constitution corresponds with the contents of the paragraph 1 of the First Protocol to the European Convention of Human Rights. Protection of the right to ownership as provided by the Constitution is carried out by the Constitutional Court of Latvia. The latter was established in 1996. The current report is based on the analysis of a significant number of judgements which have been handed down by the Constitutional Court in order to establish whether certain acts of legislation are compatible with the Constitution. The effectiveness of such protection could be achieved, if Constitutional court were to scrutinise each contested norm against the Constitution as a whole.","PeriodicalId":413617,"journal":{"name":"Latvijas Republikas Satversmei – 100","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124926278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cietušā loma krimināltiesisko attiecību taisnīgā noregulējumā","authors":"Dāvids Gurevičs","doi":"10.22364/juzk.80.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/juzk.80.26","url":null,"abstract":"In the criminal justice system, the victim is a party whose rights, including the right to redress of harm, are protected by the Constitution and general principles of law. At the same time, the victim is obliged to participate in criminal proceedings in order to provide significant facts both for the investigation and for the person who has the right to defence. Therefore, this paper examines the role of the victim in achievement of the purpose of criminal proceedings: fair regulation of criminal legal relations.","PeriodicalId":413617,"journal":{"name":"Latvijas Republikas Satversmei – 100","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129260672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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