Dentistry and Medical Research最新文献

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Primary Health-Care Workers toward NOMA Disease in Sokoto","authors":"M. Bala, S. Omotayo, R. Braimah, A. Taiwo, R. Jaafar, A. Abubakar, M. Abubakar, A. Saleh","doi":"10.4103/dmr.dmr_33_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/dmr.dmr_33_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Noma is a quickly progressing and neglected opportunistic infection which if left untreated can result in a sequelae of severe facial destruction and death. Early detection and prompt treatment is paramount to the prevention of its sequelae. The aim of this study, was therefore, to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices of primary healthcare workers towards Noma in Sokoto state, Nigeria. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study approved by the Sokoto State ministry of health. Participants consented were recruited using self-administered questionnaire between July, 2022 and August, 2022.The questionnaire consisted of 10 and 16 questions covering the domains of knowledge and, attitude/practices respectively. The total score for each domain was obtained and then categorized as low (less than or equals to 50%), fair (51 to 69%) and good (70% and above). Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results: A total of 251 participants filled and returned the questionnaires. There were 151(60.2%) males and 100(39.8%) females in the age range of 22-57years with a mean±SD of 34.9±8.5 years. Out of 251 participants, 210(83.7%) were aware of Noma. The total score recorded in both the knowledge and attitude/practice domains were 75% and 78% respectively. Conclusion: The basic knowledge and attitude/practices of NOMA among primary healthcare workers in our clime was good. Therefore, there is need for continuing medical education among this groups of healthcare workers considering their role as the first contact health personnel in the community.","PeriodicalId":413497,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry and Medical Research","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122528784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of autonomous controlled integrated system for increasing comfort in newborns: Interdisciplinary collaboration between engineering and nursing studies","authors":"E. Yilmaz, Serap Ozdemir, Mehmet Ozen","doi":"10.4103/dmr.dmr_9_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/dmr.dmr_9_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The adaptations of “term” and “preterm” newborns to the world are quite different, but one of the important problems for both groups during these periods is to provide temperature control of the newborn, to reduce its exposure to light, and to provide ambient sound control. One of the important criteria in the postpartum adaptation of newborn babies is the attempts to increase environmental comfort. In providing comfort; ambient factors such as noise, light, heat, are tried to be controlled. Aim and Objectives: It is aimed to increase comfort by optimizing the environmental conditions of the baby in the Autonomous Controlled Integrated System for Increasing Comfort in Newborn Babies, which will be designed within the scope of this study. Materials and Method: To summarize the integrated system, the autonomously controlled integrated system to be designed and produced within the scope of the project generally consists of three main modules. These modules can be summarized as analyzing the environmental conditions, making decisions based on artificial intelligence depending on the analyzed environmental conditions, and reporting the operations performed to the users using different communication channels. In this structure, first of all; The integrated system designed will measure the cradle environment and baby body temperature in real-time to increase baby comfort. The system will evaluate the measurement values obtained in the second module on the artificial intelligence map and generate commands for the environment to reach optimum conditions. To summarize this module, noise measurement in the integrated system will be measured in decibels with sound level measurement devices. In cases where babies are exposed to excessive noise, system stimulation will be activated and the ambient noise will be reduced, thus protecting the baby from the harmful effects of excessive noise. The light intensity of the lighting environment where the baby's environment is located will be kept in the range of a minimum of 10 lux and a maximum of 600 lux mentioned in the literature. By performing system simulation below or above this range, the user will be informed and the environment will be brought to optimum conditions. In addition to monitoring the environment, the recorded sound data will also make predictions based on artificial intelligence about the baby's needs or problems, according to the baby's crying pattern. In the third module, the system will ensure that the real-time transaction process is reported to the user and the family health center. Results: As a result, with the integrated system that will be designed and produced, it will be possible to intervene in real-time based on artificial intelligence technology to the changes in the environment where the baby is located, and this situation will be reported with real-time data. Conclusion: Thus, baby comfort will be increased, family anxiety level will be reduced, and changes in the baby'","PeriodicalId":413497,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry and Medical Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130317852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socket preservation using autogenous bone graft and dentin autograft after surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar – A split-mouth study design","authors":"P. Gupta, P. Punde, K. Nilesh, P. Patil, Shrenik Chouradiya, Riddhi Mahalle","doi":"10.4103/dmr.dmr_25_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/dmr.dmr_25_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In our study, we have compared the efficacy of dentin bone graft for purpose of ridge preservation and have compared it with autogenous bone graft (ABG). A total of 15 patients were included in this study requiring extraction of bilaterally impacted third molar. On the one side, the socket was filled with processed dentin graft prepared after extraction of the third molar, and on the other side, the socket was filled with ABG harvested from external oblique ridge. The two were compared on the basis of various soft tissue and hard tissue parameters. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of the dentin autograft with ABG for preservation of socket defect after removal of mandibular third molars clinically and radiographically. Materials and Methods: A total of 15 patients were included undergoing extraction for bilaterally impacted third molar. The socket on one side after extraction was filled with processed dentin from the same extracted tooth, and the other side of the socket was filled with ABG harvested from the external oblique ridge. Results: It was seen that dentin graft had the regenerative properties and showed potential for ridge preservation. Conclusions: Ridge preservation is essential for placement of implant and other prostheses. Preservation of ridge immediately after extraction bypasses the need for extensive ridge augmentation procedure. Hence, dentin graft can be used for this purpose as it has potential for bone regeneration.","PeriodicalId":413497,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry and Medical Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133616088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of In situ Adaptability of two types of fissure sealants placed with or without enameloplasty","authors":"T. Khan, F. Khan","doi":"10.4103/dmr.dmr_5_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/dmr.dmr_5_22","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Literature has no consensus over the utility of enameloplasty before fissure sealant placement. Aim: The objective of the study was to explore the effect of enameloplasty using a scanned electron microscope on the adaptability of resin-modified glass ionomer versus flowable resin-based sealants. Settings and Design: An in vitro, experimental study was done from July to November 2017 at the NED University and Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. Materials and Methods: An in vitro experimental study was done, for which twenty extracted human molars and premolars were selected. They were divided into two groups on the basis of sealant type (resin-modified glass ionomer versus flowable resin-based sealant). The groups were further subdivided on the basis whether these were subjected to enameloplasty or not. All specimens were thermocycled, sectioned, dried, and gold sputtered before inspection under a scanning electron microscope (×50). Statistical Analysis Used: The adaptability of the sealant material in the tooth fissures was assessed on an ordinal scale. SPSS version 23.0 was used for data analysis. Mann–Whitney U-test and ordinal regression were applied at 0.05 level of significance. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between adaptability scores achieved with resin-modified glass ionomer-based sealant and flowable resin-based sealant (P = 0.96). Moreover, enameloplasty resulted in inferior adaptability of the two sealant materials (P = 0.02). Conclusions: Enameloplasty has shown to exert a negative influence over adaptation of the sealant material into the tooth fissure irrespective of the sealant chemistry.","PeriodicalId":413497,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry and Medical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133198171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning statistics: Interprofessional survey of attitudes toward statistics using SATS-36","authors":"Htoo Htoo Kyaw Soe, Sujata Khobragade, H. Lwin, Mila Nu Nu Htay, N. Than, K. Phyu, A. Abas","doi":"10.4103/dmr.dmr_68_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/dmr.dmr_68_20","url":null,"abstract":"Context: In medical education, statistics is part of the core training to enable the students to plan, design, analyze, and interpret the experimental data. It is believed that attitudes toward statistics play an important role in learning statistics. Aims: We conducted this study to assess the attitudes toward statistics among undergraduate medical and dentistry students. Settings and Design: This cross-sectional study was done among 3rd-year medical students and 4th-year dentistry students in a private medical college in Malaysia. Subjects and Methods: We employed purposive sampling and invited the 3rd-year medical students and the 4th-year dentistry students before the commencement of the biostatistics course. A total of 206 students participated in this study. We utilized SATS-36 scale which consisted of 36 items that were divided into six subscales such as affect, cognitive competence, value, difficulty, interest, and effort. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and Spearman's rho correlation. Results: The students had positive attitudes toward statistics in most of the domains of SATS-36 except difficulty. There were no significant differences of attitudes toward statistics between male and female students. However, male students had a significantly higher mean score in the interest domain (mean difference 0.40 [95% confidence interval 0.07, 0.74]). Conclusions: The undergraduate medical and dentistry students had positive attitudes toward statistics, but the students found that statistics is a difficult subject. Hence, the instructors need to understand the student's attitudes and create effective learning strategies which not only provide knowledge and skills but also change student's attitudes toward the desired direction.","PeriodicalId":413497,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry and Medical Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133337187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of different manufacturing techniques on color in zirconia-based all ceramics","authors":"M. Uğur, İ. Kavut","doi":"10.4103/dmr.dmr_30_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/dmr.dmr_30_21","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of different veneering techniques on the color, translucency, of zirconia-based systems. Materials and Methods: Specimens were randomly divided into three groups (n = 12): layering (L), pressing (P), and computed aided design (CAD)-on (CO). Group L was veneered with nano-fluorapatite veneering ceramic. Group P was heat pressed with fluorapatite glass-ceramic ingots. Group CO the veneering ceramics were designed with and milled from lithium disilicate glass-ceramic blocks in CAD/computed aided manufacturing unit. Color parameters (L* a* b*) were measured with a spectrophotometer and color difference (ΔE), and translucency parameter (TP) properties were calculated. The results were analyzed with one-way ANOVA (P < 0.05). Results: There were significant differences between the ΔE of the groups (P < 0.05). The highest value was observed in the L group (ΔE = 4.17 ± 0.98); the lowest value was observed in the P group (ΔE = 2.08 ± 0.54). There were significant differences between the TP values of the groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Optical properties of the zirconia-based systems are greatly affected by the fabrication techniques.","PeriodicalId":413497,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry and Medical Research","volume":"173 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122097057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative assessment of width of neutral zones recorded using two neutral zone impression methods (phonetic and swallowing) and two different materials (tissue conditioner and polyether): A crossover pilot study","authors":"Manjita M Parab, M. Aras, V. Chitre, Anchal Qanungo","doi":"10.4103/dmr.dmr_67_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/dmr.dmr_67_20","url":null,"abstract":"Statement of Problem: Medium body polyether impression material has been recently used as neutral zone recording material. However, there is a lack of studies comparing it with routinely used material. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to compare neutral zone width of phonetic (PNZ) and swallowing (SNZ) neutral zone impression techniques with a tissue conditioner and a polyether impression material within the same subjects. Materials and Methods: Assessments of neutral zone width were carried out in ten completely edentulous patients with advanced mandibular resorption. On each patient, four neutral zone impressions were recorded as follows: SNZ with tissue conditioner material, PNZ with tissue conditioner material, SNZ with polyether impression material, PNZ with polyether impression material. Putty indices were made of each neutral zone and traced on graph paper. The buccolingual measurements were made at five different locations, midline, right first premolar, left first premolar, right first molar, and left first molar. Statistical analysis was done using Mann–Whitney U test. Results: There was no significant difference observed when comparison was done either between materials or techniques. Conclusion: Medium body polyether can be a viable alternative to conventional tissue conditioner material and can be used with both swallowing and phonetic techniques with equal efficacy.","PeriodicalId":413497,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry and Medical Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114370266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Child oral health","authors":"Yasmen Elamin Elsadek","doi":"10.4103/dmr.dmr_29_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/dmr.dmr_29_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":413497,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry and Medical Research","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133272967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Porphyromonas gingivalis count and salivary immunoglobulin A against lipopolysaccharide of Porphyromonas gingivalis in periodontal health and disease","authors":"Abhinav S Baheti, P. Pudakalkatti, K. Bhat","doi":"10.4103/dmr.dmr_9_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/dmr.dmr_9_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) have been implicated to play a role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare P. gingivalis in subgingival plaque samples and salivary (immunoglobulin A [IgA]) antibodies against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of P. gingivalis in periodontal health and disease. Materials and Methods: Totally sixty subjects were included, thirty subjects in healthy group and thirty subjects in chronic periodontitis group. Subgingival plaque and unstimulated saliva samples were obtained from each study subject. P. gingivalis (colony-forming units [CFUs]) were detected using culture method, and salivary IgA levels were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Comparisons between the healthy and chronic periodontitis groups were done for P. gingivalis CFUs/ml (CFUs/milliliter) as well as for salivary IgA levels using Mann–Whitney U-test. Correlation between CFUs/ml of P. gingivalis and salivary IgA levels was also assessed in both the groups. Results: Although P. gingivalis CFUs/ml count was more in the chronic periodontitis group, difference was not statistically significant. Salivary IgA levels were significantly higher in the chronic periodontitis group compared to the healthy group. No correlation was observed between CFUs/ml of P. gingivalis and salivary IgA levels in the healthy group as well as the chronic periodontitis group. Conclusions: Increased levels of specific salivary antibodies (IgA) against LPS from P. gingivalis are associated with periodontal disease. Salivary IgA level against LPS from P. gingivalis can be a promising indicator in the serological diagnosis of periodontal disease.","PeriodicalId":413497,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry and Medical Research","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134112383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing stress and burnout in dental students in a dental institution","authors":"Avijit Avasthi, Sakshi Aasdhir","doi":"10.4103/dmr.dmr_11_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/dmr.dmr_11_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dental students feel stress in their professional education such as fear of examinations, burden of workload, stress in completion of academic course, and adjustment in college atmosphere. The objective of the study was to assess stress among dental students and its association with academic year of training and gender differences in perceived stress. Materials and Methods: A 31-item self-constructed Modified Garbee's Dental Environmental Stress Survey (1980) Questionnaire was distributed among students to obtain their stress response on a 4-point Likert scale with responses ranked: 1 – not stressful, 2 – slightly stressful, 3 – moderately stressful, and 4 – very stressful. Statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21.0, Armonk, NY, USA: IBM Corp. Results: Responses were obtained from 232 students; 74.2% were female and 24.6% were male. Top stressors were fear of failure, insecurity of future, stress of examinations, fear of excessive workload, assigned work burden, unavailability of clinical cases, the lack of time to complete work, less time for recreation, coping with competition among classmates, lack of confidence in career decision, receiving criticism of work from teachers, and the lack of confidence to be successful student. Less stressful responses were difficulty in learning preclinical procedures, learning environment created by faculty, the attitude toward faculty, relationship with colleagues, financial stress, impact on personal health, discrimination due to race, class, etc., The mean stress scores were more in preclinical years (BDS 1st and 2nd years) when compared to clinical years (BDS 3rd and 4th years). Stress perceived by female students outweighed male students. Conclusion: Therefore stress reduction strategies need to be incorporated in dental curriculum.","PeriodicalId":413497,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry and Medical Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121796331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}