Medecine & Droit最新文献

{"title":"Civil law regulation and criminal enforcement of mandatory vaccination policies: A comparative aspect","authors":"Yurii M. Yurkevych ,&nbsp;Ivan V. Krasnytskyi ,&nbsp;Khrystyna B. Romaniv ,&nbsp;Oksana M. Bronevytska ,&nbsp;Vasyl M. Parasiuk","doi":"10.1016/j.meddro.2020.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meddro.2020.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>One of the most important tasks of any state is to provide everyone, including the child, with the opportunity for a healthy and fulfilling life. Processes of immunisation through vaccination are considered most appropriate for the prevention of infectious diseases. The purpose of this study is to understand the legal regulation of immunisation of the population and to give it a legal assessment, to review the legal acts on vaccination in different countries of the world and to identify the legal tendencies of resolving conflicts in the field of vaccination on the basis of court decisions. As a result of the research the prospective directions of work of civil and criminal regulation of vaccination of children, regulation of the right to education for children who have not been vaccinated, the lawsuits, petitions and court decisions regarding the population response to vaccinations were analysed. The authors of the study conclude on the methods of introducing mandatory vaccination of children, the development of new criminal legislation to protect rights and freedoms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":41275,"journal":{"name":"Medecine & Droit","volume":"2021 168","pages":"Pages 54-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.meddro.2020.11.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41655179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"« Actes de conformation sexuée imposés aux personnes intersexuées : qualification pénale, responsabilité des médecins, sanctions »","authors":"Lucie Dupin (Doctorante contractuelle en droit privé)","doi":"10.1016/j.meddro.2020.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meddro.2020.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Under French criminal law, acts of gendered conformation imposed on intersex persons can be qualified as volontary violence and, in some cases, volontary mutilating violence. French doctors who perform these acts may be held criminally liable. They can be sentenced to up to 20 years of imprisonment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":41275,"journal":{"name":"Medecine & Droit","volume":"2021 167","pages":"Pages 19-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.meddro.2020.12.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48326202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 : quel rôle pour les comités d’éthique ?","authors":"Henri-Corto Stoeklé ,&nbsp;Achille Ivasilevitch ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Hulier-Ammar ,&nbsp;Dominique Reynaert ,&nbsp;Christian Hervé","doi":"10.1016/j.meddro.2020.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meddro.2020.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Let us take advantage of this state of health crisis to promote within the committees a real ethics of the discussion on research practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":41275,"journal":{"name":"Medecine & Droit","volume":"2021 167","pages":"Pages 17-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.meddro.2020.11.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46206644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Réflexions critiques sur les notions d’abolition et d’altération de la faculté à discerner","authors":"Mathieu Garcia","doi":"10.1016/j.meddro.2020.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meddro.2020.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Inasmuch as the constitution of the <em>mens rea</em> of any offence remains suspended to its integrity, the capacity for discernment represents a condition of accountability whose definition responds to issues that are as much technical – with respect to psychiatric and psychological penal expertise – as they are theoretical – with respect to our conception of criminal responsibility and the psychological prerequisites that underlie it. Now, the fact is that since its introduction in 1992 with article 122–1 of the Penal Code, this notion of discernment is characterized by a certain conceptual inconsistency, giving rise to a damaging plurality of meanings making the verb <em>discern</em> the condensed version of a heterogeneous network of distinct psychological functions. The polysemic term of <em>discernment</em> thus gives rise to a fundamental indetermination as to the nature of the faculty that must be examined in order to decide on its abolition or its preservation at the moment of the act. This is not without favouring the appearance and persistence of arbitrary interpretations, and consequently discordant expert conclusions. Even more problematic, however, is the idea of an <em>alteration</em> of discernment, given the irreducible discrepancy between the continuous nature of an alteration and the discontinuous nature of the conclusion to which the agent is subject, in that the legal demand requires a decision – in a discretization of what is continuous – between the presence and absence of <em>something</em> that is lacking. We will in fact show in what way this concept of alteration as it applies to discernment tends to be either meaningless, or redundant – and therefore useless – in relation to that of abolition. So much so that the only conceivable solution to maintain a certain gradation of degrees of non-accountability seems to consist in having to specify the different types of abolition of discernment potentially observed, and then to propose a hierarchization according to their greater or lesser compatibility with the conservation of a criminal responsibility. .</p></div>","PeriodicalId":41275,"journal":{"name":"Medecine & Droit","volume":"2021 167","pages":"Pages 25-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.meddro.2020.12.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46641967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La Direction des affaires juridiques et des droits des patients de l’AP–HP et la première vague de la pandémie Covid-19","authors":"Jacques Belghiti (Professeur émérite chirurgie digestive, Coordonnateur de la cellule des médecins conseil de la DAJDP),&nbsp;Marie Pierre Dilly-Rushenas (Anesthésiste-Réanimateur, Directrice déléguée à la coordination de la qualité, gestions des risques et droit du patient de l’hôpital Bichât–Claude-Bernard),&nbsp;Sandra Fournier (Responsable du service de prévention du risque infectieux de la DPQAM de l’AP–HP),&nbsp;Magali Richard Piauger (Responsable du département médiation et responsabilité hospitalière de la DAJDP),&nbsp;Soisic Iroz (Directrice déléguée des affaires juridiques et des droits des patients),&nbsp;Daniel Vittecoq (Médecin-conseil DAJDP, SMIT Bicêtre),&nbsp;Charline Nicolas (Directrice des affaires juridiques et des droits des patients),&nbsp;Emmanuel Martinod (Professeur de Chirurgie thoracique et cardio-vasculaire de Coordonnateur cellule COVID-19, PCEML)","doi":"10.1016/j.meddro.2020.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meddro.2020.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To facilitate the analysis and the management of claims related to the last Covid-19 pandemic, the DAJ of the AP–HP constituted a medical group assisted by lawyers intending to review the scientific knowledge and organizational measures during the first wave of this pandemic. This group brought together medical doctors with both scientific expertise in the main specialties requested during this viral infection and knowledge of repairing bodily damage. Based on the data provided by the hospital dashboards and the collection of hospital procedures for Covid-19 and non-Covid-19 patients, the goal of this group was to assess the level of scientific knowledge and organizational measures respectively at the start of the epidemic, its peak and at the end. During the three periods of this pandemic the main changes observed included a greater selectivity on admissions with increasing consideration on the patient's comorbidity; a continual evolution in drug management and more rigorous isolation measures with interruption of visiting rights. The target was to prevent contamination of the non-infected persons with an obsession to protect healthcare workers. The absence of selection for patients requiring intensive care for compensation of their respiratory failure forced AP–HP to double the number of intensive care beds and to refer some patients in other regions. In a context of unstable scientific knowledge and evolving organizational measures, the collection of these data should facilitate the management of claims related to Covid19 during the first wave of this pandemic and open a prospective study for the next pandemic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":41275,"journal":{"name":"Medecine & Droit","volume":"2021 167","pages":"Pages 30-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.meddro.2020.11.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49250449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plus de contention ni d’isolement sans contrôle du juge judiciaire","authors":"Jean-Philippe Vauthier (Docteur en Droit, Chargé d’enseignements à l’Université de Guyane, Chercheur associé à l’Institut François Gény (EA 7301) – Université de Lorraine)","doi":"10.1016/j.meddro.2020.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meddro.2020.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although of old and common use, the use of isolation and restraint in psychiatry was not regulated until 2016 with the creation of article L. 3222-5-1 of the Public Health Code. However, the Court of Cassation considered that, as a form of care, it was beyond the office of the liberty and custody judge to controle its implementation. Questioned by a plea of unconstitutionality submitted by the Court of Cassation, the Constitutional Council considered, with its decision of 19 June 2020, that these measures constituted a deprivation of liberty requiring judicial review at short notice. The Sages thus declare the provisions of article L. 3222-5-1 unconstitutional, with delayed effect as of December 31, 2020, requiring legislator to rethink and organise the supervision and control of decisions of restraint and isolation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":41275,"journal":{"name":"Medecine & Droit","volume":"2021 166","pages":"Pages 11-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.meddro.2020.08.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49533629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non, le COVID ne mérite pas les justes combats de l’époque du Sida pour le respect du secret médical","authors":"Dr Philippe Biclet (Ancien membre du Conseil National de l’Ordre des Médecins, Expert près la Cour Administrative d’Appel de Paris)","doi":"10.1016/j.meddro.2020.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meddro.2020.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41275,"journal":{"name":"Medecine & Droit","volume":"2021 166","pages":"Pages 3-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.meddro.2020.11.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91599410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fallait-il sacrifier le secret professionnel sur l’autel de la santé publique ?","authors":"Bruno Py","doi":"10.1016/j.meddro.2020.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meddro.2020.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41275,"journal":{"name":"Medecine & Droit","volume":"2021 166","pages":"Pages 1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.meddro.2020.10.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41928062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Le contentieux de la régularité externe des décisions rendues par les juridictions ordinales des médecins","authors":"Nadia Miloudia (Avocate au Barreau de Lyon, Docteur en droit)","doi":"10.1016/j.meddro.2020.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meddro.2020.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the event of irregular composition of the ordinal jurisdiction or omission of certain compulsory particulars in the decision rendered, the parties may challenge the external regularity of the decision. The pleas based on the contested decisions are formal and procedural defects. If successful, these means result in the annulment of the decision ordering the doctor to be disciplined. These means constitute a separated legal cause and can only be invoked within the time limit for appeal, unless they are of public order.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":41275,"journal":{"name":"Medecine & Droit","volume":"2021 166","pages":"Pages 5-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.meddro.2020.08.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46597134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Les grands magasins de la médecine de Milton Friedman","authors":"Mathieu Ginier-Gillet (Omnipraticien, Chercheur indépendant)","doi":"10.1016/j.meddro.2020.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meddro.2020.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The coronavirus pandemic has brought back the question in Western countries of the solidity of their health systems. This article discusses Friedman's 1962 piece of work, “Capitalism and Freedom”, and more specifically his presentation based on American occupational licensure. This research insists beyond the complexity of “de-licensing laws” passed for some U.S. health care facilities, on the consequences of a parasitic competition on health care ethics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":41275,"journal":{"name":"Medecine & Droit","volume":"2020 165","pages":"Pages 150-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.meddro.2020.07.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44984007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}