The British Journal of Development Disabilities最新文献_第6页

The Value of a Genetic Diagnosis for Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities: Optimising Healthcare and Function Across the Lifespan 基因诊断对智力残疾个体的价值:优化整个生命周期的医疗保健和功能

The British Journal of Development Disabilities Pub Date : 2008-07-01 DOI: 10.1179/096979508799103215

E. Lopez-Rangel, E. Mickelson, Suzanne Lewis

引用次数: 24

Intellectual Disability: A Concept in Need of Revision? 智障:一个需要修正的概念?

The British Journal of Development Disabilities Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/096979508799103350

S. Whitaker

引用次数: 20

Use of Nice Guidelines in Schizophrenia in a Population with a Learning Disability Nice指南在有学习障碍人群中精神分裂症的应用

The British Journal of Development Disabilities Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/096979508799103341

L. Fernando

引用次数: 1

Biopsychosocial Case Formulation for People with Intellectual Disabilities and Mental Health Problems: A Pilot Study of A Training Workshop for Direct Care Staff 智障人士和精神健康问题人士的生物心理社会个案制定:直接照护人员培训工作坊的试点研究

The British Journal of Development Disabilities Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/096979508799103323

B. Ingham, L. Clarke, I. James

引用次数: 39

Use of Levomepromazine in the Management of Aggression in Adults with Intellectual Disability 左旋丙嗪治疗成人智力残疾患者的攻击行为

The British Journal of Development Disabilities Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/096979508799103305

J. Devapriam, S. Gibbons, H. Pannu, S. Bhaumik

引用次数: 2

Individuals with an Intellectual Disability Who Offend 有智力障碍的罪犯

The British Journal of Development Disabilities Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/096979508799103314

J. Rose, C. Cutler, Kate Tresize, Darinka Novak, D. Rose

引用次数: 15

Association of Sensory Impairment with Autism 感觉障碍与自闭症的关系

The British Journal of Development Disabilities Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/096979508799103332

{"title":"Association of Sensory Impairment with Autism","authors":"","doi":"10.1179/096979508799103332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096979508799103332","url":null,"abstract":"We read with interest A. G. Gordon’s response (Gordon, 2007, is every cause of autism a defi nite cause of deafness?) to our case report about the association of Waardenburg syndrome with intellectual disability, autistic spectrum disorder and unprovoked aggressive outburst (Kiani et al., 2007). His letter highlights an interesting link between autism and hearing impairment and offers a different perspective on the aetiology of autism. Hearing impairment and autism are both disorders of communication and can therefore be mistaken for each other during early childhood. Children eventually diagnosed with autism are often initially thought to be deaf by the parents (Grewe et al., 1994). However, both conditions may be present in a child simultaneously. Rosenhall et al., (1999) studied the presence of hearing impairment in those with a diagnosis of autism and found that 9.5% had a hearing impairment (sensorineural and/or conductive hearing loss). The prevalence of profound hearing impairment in their study was about 3.5%. Jure et al., (1991) reported a 4% prevalence of autism in 1150 children with hearing impairment. They did not fi nd any association between the severity of hearing impairment and autistic traits, but there was a relationship between the degree of intellectual disability and the autism (i.e. the higher the degree of intellectual disability, the more severe the autism). This observation is consistent with the large body of evidence showing an increased prevalence of autism and autistic traits in people with more severe intellectual disability (Deb and Prasad, 1994). The complex relationship between intellectual disability and autism is wellknown in the literature (Berney, 2000). This means that attribution of a new behavioural phenotype (including autistic traits) to a genetic syndrome (and/or a sensory impairment) alone should be made cautiously, as such an association is more probably mediated through intellectual disability (O’ Brian, 2006). The association between autism and sensory impairment is not just limited to hearing impairment. Clinicians in their day to day practice are aware of association of autism with hypo/hypersensitivity to certain sensory stimuli. A recent study (Kern et al., 2007) on sensory processing in autism shows that there are abnormalities in main sensory modalities (touch, oral, visual and auditory) and these seem to be interrelated. This supports the hypothesis that sensory dysfunction in autism is global in nature. Results of the various studies on sensory impairment and autism also show a clear association between visual impairment and increased autistic-like symptoms. However, it seems that this association has been mediated through brain damage (readers are advised to refer to Pring, 2005 for an excellent review of the subject). A well known example of this association can be seen in children with congenital rubella syndrome where Students You are en titled to a 50 % discount on a subscrip tion to The","PeriodicalId":412658,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Development Disabilities","volume":"304 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114395159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Is Every Cause of Autism a Definite Cause of Deafness? 自闭症的所有原因都是耳聋的确切原因吗?

The British Journal of Development Disabilities Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1179/096979508799103297

{"title":"Is Every Cause of Autism a Definite Cause of Deafness?","authors":"","doi":"10.1179/096979508799103297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096979508799103297","url":null,"abstract":"Everyone knows that autism is a primary brain disorder. This top-down theory seems so self-evident that it has proved impossible to get autismologists to engage with let, alone test, a radically different bottom up theory for which there is a large amount of evidence, namely that autism is a variant ear disorder (Gordon 1989). This means that every cause of autism is also a cause of deafness, any brain malfunction being secondary to sensory misspecification. Two recent papers provide a powerful comparison of these rival theories. Mankoski et al., (2006) provide clear evidence for autism being caused or aggravated by malaria, but totally ignore the fact that this was predicted by the otogenic theory, as is the case with their other implicated causes of autism (herpes, rubella, meningitis, mucopolysaccharidoses and cranial dysostoses) which also cause deafness (Gordon, 1991). One of their cases became autistic after Salmonella meningitis. Deafness is prominent after meningitis in African infants: of 19 survivors, 5 had se-quelae, 3 of whom were deaf (Molyneux et al., 2000). Not all causes of deafness may also cause autism, but there is a very long list of them that do (Gordon, 2007). So, does it include malaria, and is not the autism more plausibly explained by associated brain damage? Malaria is a common cause of deafness in Africa (Olu Ibekwe, 1998). Despite the strong co-morbidity between deafness and autism, most autists have normal pure tone audiograms (Hayes and Gordon, 1977). Hence any causal relationship is not with hypoacusis, but must be with hyperacusis or auditory fluctuation or distortion, as evident clinically and from many written accounts by autists. Itard (1821), who coined the word hyper(a)cousie, noted that this was often the first sign of progressive cochlear hypoacusis. There is a clear otological candidate for such an auditory syndrome, Meniere Spectrum Disorder, comprising the usual symptoms of Meniere's disease, but not chronic, obvious or progressive enough for a diagnosis of Meniere's disease in an otology clinic. The immediate trigger for this inner ear hyperirritability seems to be a drop in perilymph pressure from a fistula, low blood or spinal fluid pressure, weight loss, etc. (Gordon, 1983). In malaria, dehydration would be a clear trigger of such an endolymphatic hydrops. A doctor in Africa (Denti di Pirajno, 1956) gave an excellent description of his own sudden malarial Menieriform attacks: his knees turned to water; slight buzzing in his ears grew into deafening …","PeriodicalId":412658,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Development Disabilities","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126260437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Development of Learning Disability Services in the West Yorkshire Region 西约克郡地区学习障碍服务的发展

The British Journal of Development Disabilities Pub Date : 2007-07-01 DOI: 10.1179/096979507799103388

Jibowu Olubokun

引用次数: 0

Parents' Perspectives on Grounds For Out-of-Home Placement of Young Children with a Disability 父母对残疾幼儿在家外安置理由的看法

The British Journal of Development Disabilities Pub Date : 2007-07-01 DOI: 10.1179/096979507799103423

Ine Hostyn, B. Maes

引用次数: 13