The British Journal of Development Disabilities最新文献

{"title":"The Narrative Profile in Williams Syndrome: There is more to Storytelling than Just Telling a Story","authors":"Ó. Gonçalves, A. Pinheiro, A. Sampaio, N. Sousa, Montserrat Fernández, M. Henriques","doi":"10.1179/096979510799102943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096979510799102943","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":412658,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Development Disabilities","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121853406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey of Carers Views on the Use of Rescue Medication in People with Intellectual Disability Having Prolonged Seizures: Are the Winds of Change Blowing?","authors":"A. Mukhopadhyay, G. Harsha, E. da Costa, S. Anderton, C. Karki","doi":"10.1179/096979510799102961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096979510799102961","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":412658,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Development Disabilities","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125770866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are People with Intellectual Disabilities Getting More or Less Intelligent?","authors":"S. Whitaker","doi":"10.1179/096979510799103005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096979510799103005","url":null,"abstract":"It has been well documented that over the last 60 years there has been a gradual increase in the intellectual ability of the population as a whole which has included people with low intellectual ability. The present study examined if this trend was still continuing in the UK by comparing the scaled scores given for individual raw scores on three common subtests (Symbol Search, Coding, and Digit Span) of the UK versions of the WISC-III and WISC-IV. It was found that over the 12.5 years between the two assessments being standardised there was an overall increase in intellectual ability. However, this increase was greater for those with high intellectual ability. For those with low intellectual ability there was a decline in their intellectual ability.","PeriodicalId":412658,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Development Disabilities","volume":"186 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125648808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Series: Melatonin Induced Agitation in Three Patients with Intellectual Disability","authors":"","doi":"10.1179/096979510799103032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096979510799103032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":412658,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Development Disabilities","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128506814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slippery When Whet: What Facilitated Communication Teaches about the Importance of Data-Based Decision-Making","authors":"","doi":"10.1179/096979510799102970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096979510799102970","url":null,"abstract":"Providing quality services to persons with special needs is a difficult task. Adding to the challenge of working with the individual are the external forces pressuring the service provider. In a recent review for the book “Now You Know Me Think More” A Journey with Autism Using Facilitated Communication Techniques (Hundal and Lukey, 2003), Bernard Menzinger (2006) provides an excellent discussion of one of these pressures: the identification of treatments that address the client’s specific needs. Consistent with Menzinger’s suggestions, working with persons with special needs cannot be approached with only one tool. Rather, the practitioner’s tool belt should be filled with a variety of tools from which the practitioner selects the one that best fits the clinical setting1. Unfortunately, developing a programme that includes individualisation of treatment exposes the service provider to a new set of pressures: the need to select empirically supported, valid treatments. Again, though entirely by accident this time, Menzinger’s book review does an excellent job of demonstrating the importance of selecting empirically validated treatments. The book discussed by Menzinger presents an apparent success of Facilitated Communication (FC). But what happens if the practitioner peers beyond the case-study and into the empirical data supporting FC? Unfortunately, with the romantic wrapping of FC removed, the practitioner is left holding an empty package. The overwhelming majority of peer reviewed empirical research on FC refutes its use as a linguistic therapy. Throughout this literature, researchers have used a variety of experimental techniques to test the validity of FC including, but not limited to: (1) the use of a mechanical hand-support to provide stability (Edelson et al., 1998); (2) discrepancies in the information shown between facilitator and communicator (Montee et al., 1995; Smith et al., 1994); (3) the use of a confederate and novice facilitators (Burgess et al., 1998; Wegner et al., 2003); and (4) novice facilitators in a 15 week study (Simpson and Myles, 1995). Overall, the empirical findings from these studies fail to provide support for FC as a clinical tool. As a sample of the empirical findings referenced above, consider the study of Montee and colleagues (1995). In this study, the researchers asked individuals with developmental disabilities, who were current experienced users of FC to perform multiple sessions of both a picture recognition task and an activity explanation task. Following","PeriodicalId":412658,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Development Disabilities","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129439149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parenting Stress Models and Their Application to Parents of Adults with Intellectual Disabilities","authors":"C. Hill, J. Rose","doi":"10.1179/096979510799103023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096979510799103023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":412658,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Development Disabilities","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126295648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Audit on Adherence to Nice Guidelines in A Specialist Epilepsy Clinic for People with Learning Disabilities","authors":"F. Esan, N. Markar","doi":"10.1179/096979510799102952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096979510799102952","url":null,"abstract":"Epilepsy is the most common neurological condition in the world (National Society for Epilepsy). It is the most common medical condition seen in people with learning disabilities (LD). Prevalence rates of epilepsy in people with learning disabilities vary according to the population studied. The prevalence among those with mild learning disability is estimated to be 6% while the prevalence may be as high as 60% in those in with severe learning disabilities (Wilcox and Kerr, 2006). The government committed to focus on neurological conditions including epilepsy in its National Service Frameworks for Long-term conditions in 2005 (Department of Health, 2005). In 2002, the National Sentinel Clinical Audit of Epilepsy Related Deaths was published (Hanna et al., 2002). Guidelines for epilepsy ‘the epilepsies: diagnoses and management of the epilepsies in adults & children in primary and secondary care’ was published by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in October 2004 and this included a chapter on epilepsy in people with learning disabilities in which the particular needs of this group were outlined regarding diagnosis, investigations and management (National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, 2004). The above publications thus form some of the backdrop against which this audit was conducted.","PeriodicalId":412658,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Development Disabilities","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132733452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Audit on Physical Healthcare Monitoring in a Tertiary Service for People with Learning Disability","authors":"S. Shardlow, S. Thalayasingam","doi":"10.1179/096979510799102998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096979510799102998","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":412658,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Development Disabilities","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123861117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Psychiatrists' Letters to General Practitioners on Learning Disabilities: GPs Make Their Choice","authors":"Sophia Mehnaz, C. Karki, A. Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.1179/096979510799103014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096979510799103014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":412658,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Development Disabilities","volume":"335 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123515094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disposal Powers of Criminal Courts and ‘Unfitness to Plead’: Striking A Balance between Therapeutic Needs and Public Protection","authors":"","doi":"10.1179/096979510799103041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096979510799103041","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":412658,"journal":{"name":"The British Journal of Development Disabilities","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117296228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}