{"title":"SSCB’nin Dağılma Sürecinden BDT’nin Kurulmasına Kadar Geçen Sürede Karabağ Eksenli Olarak, Nahçıvan, Ermenistan ve Azerbaycan Coğrafyasında Yaşanan Gelişmeler ve Türkiye’nin Tutumu (Ekim 1987- Aralık 1991)","authors":"Erdem Karaca","doi":"10.19060/GAB.70850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19060/GAB.70850","url":null,"abstract":"After dispersing of Soviet Union, Karabakh Armenians first made an effort for their freedom then tried to be connected with Armenia. The situation that supported by Armenia caused a huge conflict between Azerbaijan and Armenia. Turkey has sought to play a constructive interference to solve the emergent hitches which is impossible to avoid from this problem. “The Turkish National Assembly recording journal” and “Hurriyet newspaper” are the main sources in this study. Subject headings are like this: 1. Introduction: Karabakh, 2. Karabakh-Ralated Caos while Soviet Union Separating: Demonstration, Action, Cconflict Process, 3. Karabakh’s Bonding to Moscow and Unavoidable Caos, 4.The New Way of Seeking of Turkey, Azerbaijan and Armenia, 5. The Failure of the Union: Liberation Movements in Caucasians, 6. Abolition of Soviet Union and New Consortium (CIS) while Conflict Running on Between Azerbaijan and Armenia, 7. Conlusion and Evaluation.","PeriodicalId":41235,"journal":{"name":"Gazi Akademik Bakis-Gazi Academic View","volume":"9 1","pages":"113-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2015-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68325703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Almanya Maliye Bakanı Dr. Theodor Karl Helfferich’in Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın Sebeplerine Dair Değerlendirmeleri","authors":"Mustafa Çolak, İsmet Türkmen","doi":"10.19060/GAB.93565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19060/GAB.93565","url":null,"abstract":"In history mankind has experienced the most devastating experience during the years of the First World War. This pre-war and war in the later stages of a decision taken individually, even thousands, even millions of lives have been directly or indirectly affected. Experiencing the process and outcome of the war rather than the causes of human history has so much more busy. Therefore, the cause of the war which works popularity continues even today. Concerning the reasons for the war period, written by the German Finance Minister Dr. Helfferich especially in England, including working with its allies in the war of public opinion in the state has led to many discussions concerning the reasons. Dr. Helfferich’s “The Beginning of Great War”; “German’s Case in The Supreme Court of Civilization”; was published under the title of The New York Times by the Fatherland company in 1915. Dr. Karl Helfferich’s study has been translated in different languages in following period.","PeriodicalId":41235,"journal":{"name":"Gazi Akademik Bakis-Gazi Academic View","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2015-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68325899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antonio Gramsci’nin Kuramında Faşizm Çözümlemeleri","authors":"Demirhan Fahri Erdem","doi":"10.19060/GAB.78995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19060/GAB.78995","url":null,"abstract":"Antonio Gramsci, having an important place in Marxist thought tradition, made theoretically original and important contributions to the fascism analysis. In this context, Gramsci analyzed the conjuncture, ensuring the development of fascism as a movement and then its accession to power, in Italian political life after the First World War in political and class contexts and also pointed out the crucial role of petit bourgeoisie during that period. Moreover, he made some predicts about the fascist up period in Italy in line with his analyses. According to the dialectical method he used, while he was analyzing the development of fascism in Italy, he competently presented the dichotomies imposed to the society by the Italian capitalism, being in a crisis, dichotomies emerged from the different tendencies in the fascist movement and also the dichotomies arising from the difference of opinion between the communists in their struggle against fascism. The fascism analyses of Gramsci, whose thoughts on fascism maintain their importance even today, are examined in this study.","PeriodicalId":41235,"journal":{"name":"Gazi Akademik Bakis-Gazi Academic View","volume":"46 33 1","pages":"295-314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2015-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68325757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Amerika'da Tek kişilik Lobi: Vahan Cardashian ( 1883-1934)","authors":"Ö. Karacagil","doi":"10.19060/GAV.58971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19060/GAV.58971","url":null,"abstract":"Turk-Amerikan iliskileri uzun bir tarihi gecmise sahiptir ve genel olarak dostluk icerisinde devam etmistir. Amerika Birlesik Devletleri’nin 1917 senesinde I. Dunya Savasina girmesiyle kesilen resmi iliskiler ancak 1927 senesinde yeniden kurulacaktir. Bunda en onemli etkenlerden birisi de Amerika’da yasayan Ermenilerin Turkiye aleyhtari yuruttukleri faaliyetlerdir. Bu baglamda 1934 senesine kadar Turkiye karsiti faaliyetleriyle dikkat ceken Amerika’da adeta tek kisilik bir lobi gibi calisan Vahan Cardashian ( Kardasyan) ismi on plana cikmaktadir.1883 senesinde Kayseri’de dogan Cardashian, ilk ve orta ogretimini ayni sehirde tamamladi. Yuksekogretimini Yale Universitesinde hukuk alaninda yapti. 1915 yilina kadar Osmanli yetkilileriyle iyi iliskiler kurmus hatta bir sure New York Konsoloslugunda tercumanlik yapmistir. Buna karsin Cardashian zikrolunan tarihten sonra Turk aleyhtari faaliyetleriyle dikkat cekmektedir. Nitekim Sevr Antlasmasinda gundeme gelen bagimsiz Ermenistan’in kurulmasi, 6 Agustos 1923 tarihinde Lozan’da Turkiye ile Amerika Birlesik Devletleri arasinda imzalanan antlasmanin onaylanmamasi ve Washington Sefiri Ahmet Muhtar Bey aleyhinde propaganda yapmasi gibi faaliyetleri bunlar arasinda sayilabilir","PeriodicalId":41235,"journal":{"name":"Gazi Akademik Bakis-Gazi Academic View","volume":"8 1","pages":"95-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2015-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68335169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ermenistan’da Miiliyetçilik Ve Demokratıkleşme Süreci: Dağlık Karabağ Meselesının Etkisi","authors":"A. Doğru","doi":"10.19060/GAV.27195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19060/GAV.27195","url":null,"abstract":"SSCB’nin yikilmasindan sonra yeni kurulan devletlerin demokratiklesme surecleri buyuk dikkat cekti. Yillardir komunist rejim altinda idare edilmenin sonrasinda bu devletler kendi ulusal hassasiyetlerini devlet insa sureclerine adapte etmeyi denediler. Milliyetci egilimler demokratik kurumlarin ortaya cikmasini hem desteklemis hem de engellemistir. Bir devletin demokratik degerlerin mutlak onsartlarini kristalize etmeyi basaramadigi durumda, radikallesen milliyetci egilimler, toplumsal farkliliklarin ve diyalog ortaminin asinmasi sonucunda demokrasi olgulasmamistir. Bu calismanin amaci DaglikKarabag catismasinin Ermenistanin demokratiklesme surecindeki rolunu anlamaktir. Milliyetci hareketlerin radikallesmesi ve milliyetci degerlerin catismaci tarzi demokratiklesme surecini engelleyerek otoriter rejimleri guclendirmistir","PeriodicalId":41235,"journal":{"name":"Gazi Akademik Bakis-Gazi Academic View","volume":"8 1","pages":"207-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2015-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68328638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bir Fransız Buharlı Deniz Nakliyat Kumpanyası Etrafında Osmanlı-Fransız-Ermeni İlişkileri","authors":"Süleyman Uygun","doi":"10.19060/GAV.06612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19060/GAV.06612","url":null,"abstract":"Sanayi Inkilâbi sonrasi Avrupa devletlerinin yayilmaci politikalarinin en onemli deniz araclari buharli nakliyat sirketleriydi. Fransa’nin da diger Avrupali devletler gibi ekonomik, siyasi, sosyal ve kulturel alanlarda izlemis oldugu politikanin, buharli deniz nakliyat sirketleri uzerinde ciddi yansimalari oldu. Osmanli Devleti, Fransa ve bir Fransiz sirketi olan Mesajeri Maritim Kumpanyasi icin nufuz olusturulmasi bakimindan, hayati oneme sahip bir cografyada bulunmaktaydi. Bu nedenle bu amaca hizmet edebilecek her turlu araclardan istifade edildi. Bu calismada Fransa’nin nufuz elde edebilmek amaciyla Osmanli Ermenilerine yonelik izledigi politikanin Mesajeri Maritim Kumpanyasi (18511914) uzerindeki etkileri ve Ermeni olaylarinda sirketin dogrudan ve dolayli olarak oynamis oldugu rol irdelenmeye calisilmistir","PeriodicalId":41235,"journal":{"name":"Gazi Akademik Bakis-Gazi Academic View","volume":"8 1","pages":"121-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2015-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68326411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gregoryen Ermeni Kilisesinde Patrik Seçiminin Krize Dönüşmesi ve Bunun Türk Basını İle Amerikan Belgelerine Yansıması (1944-1950)","authors":"Hikmet Öksüz","doi":"10.19060/GAV.85632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19060/GAV.85632","url":null,"abstract":"The death of the first Armenian Archbishop of Istanbul during the Republican era, Mesrob I Naroyan, in 1944 led to an unprecedented leadership crisis throughout the whole history of the Patriarchate of Istanbul, which was established in 1461 upon the orders of the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II. Several international actors, including the main opposition candidate Bakhtiyarian to the locum tenens Archbishop Kevork Arslanian, were involved in the process when the latter refused to initiate the election process for the post of next Archbishop. As this period coincided with the beginnings of the Cold War, the Turkish government strove to solve the interim crisis within its boundaries, a process which started with the Prime Minister Şemsettin Gunaydin in 1949 and was finalized in the first months of the Democrat Party government. Finally, in December 1950, an unexpected candidate from South America, Karekin I Khachadourian, who was born in Trabzon, was elected as the 112th Archbishop of Istanbul. This study focuses on unfolding the events during this crisis period of almost seven years from a political history perspective with the help of American government documents and the leading Turkish papers of the time. This article also introduces the history of the Patriarchate of Istanbul before the Republican era with special reference to cornerstones of the Turkish-Armenian relations","PeriodicalId":41235,"journal":{"name":"Gazi Akademik Bakis-Gazi Academic View","volume":"8 1","pages":"41-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2015-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68337568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Avrupa’da Yükselen Irkçılık: Pegida Örneği","authors":"M. Alkan","doi":"10.19060/GAV.81285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19060/GAV.81285","url":null,"abstract":"Soguk Savas sonrasi donemde Avrupa Birligi ulkelerinde irkci yaklasimlar yogun bir sekilde uluslararasi arenada yer almaya baslamistir. Genel olarak yabanci dusmanligi ve irkcilik denilince Avrupa’da akla gelen ilk ulke Almanya olmaktadir. Ancak 2014 yilinda yapilan Avrupa Parlamentosu secimleri gostermistir ki bu yaklasimlar sadece Almanya ile sinirli degildir. Avrupa Birligi ulkelerinin tamamina yakininda yabanci dusmanligi ve irkcilik gunden gune artmaktadir. Bugune kadar irkcilik Islam karsitligi seklinde Avrupa’daki asiri sag siyasi partilerin soylemlerinde gundeme gelmistir. Bugun soz konusu yaklasimlari Eylul 2014’te olusan Pegida adli hareket kullanmaktadir. Bu makalede son donemde Avrupa Birligi ulkelerinde yukselen yabanci dusmanligi, Islam karsitligi ve irkcilik baglaminda Pegida hareketi incelenecektir","PeriodicalId":41235,"journal":{"name":"Gazi Akademik Bakis-Gazi Academic View","volume":"8 1","pages":"275-289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2015-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68336669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Minas Çeraz’ın (Minasse Tcheraz) Avrupa Temasları ve Berlin Kongresi İzlenimleri","authors":"Serdar Sakin","doi":"10.19060/GAV.59118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19060/GAV.59118","url":null,"abstract":"Berlin Konferansi toplanmadan once Ermeni milletinin isteklerini iceren bir muhtirayi konferansa katilacak devletlere onceden sunmak ve konferansta desteklerini saglamak icin Ermeni Patrigi Nerses Varjabedyan Berlin’e bir heyet yollamistir. Osmanli Devleti’nin haberi olmadan gonderilen bu heyette eski patrik Migirdic Kirimyan, Horin Narbey temsilci sifatiyla, Minas Ceraz da kâtip ve tercuman goreviyle hazir bulunmuslardir.Soz konusu heyet 8 Mart 1878’de Istanbul’dan ayrilmis ve Avrupa seyahati Minas Ceraz tarafindan kaleme alinmistir. Ceraz’in anlattiklari dogrultusunda sirasiyla Italya, Roma, Londra ve Berlin’de temaslarda bulunmuslardir. Bu temaslar baglaminda Italya’da Hariciye Naziri Luigi Corti, Londra’da Lord Salisbury ile yapilan gorusmelere deginilmistir. Avrupa gezisi sirasinda yapilan gorusmelerde Ermenilerin Avrupalilarca bilinmedikleri gorulmustur. Buna dair cesitli gorusmeler, yemek ziyafetlerinde, ziyaret edilen okullarda karsilasilan durumlar ornek olarak siralanmistir. Ayrica Avrupalilarin Ermeniler hakkinda az bilgi sahibi olmalarinin nedenlerine deginilmistir. Ermeni heyetinin gezisi sayesinde Ermeniler hakkinda daha fazla bilgi sahibi olacaklarina isaret edilmistir. Nihayet Berlin Kongresi’nde kabul edilen 61. Maddenin Ermeniler icin zarar degil fayda saglayacagi, bunu gerceklestirmek icin Ermenilerin birlik ve beraberlik icinde yapmasi gerekenler belirtilmistir","PeriodicalId":41235,"journal":{"name":"Gazi Akademik Bakis-Gazi Academic View","volume":"8 1","pages":"237-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2015-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68335517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Memlûk - Ermeni Münâsebetleri","authors":"F. Yiğit","doi":"10.19060/GAV.86458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19060/GAV.86458","url":null,"abstract":"Aile ve nufus politikasinin temelini olusturan evlenme konusu Milli Mucadele yillarindan itibaren ulke gundeminde siklikla kendine yer bulmustur. Nufusun artirilmasi icin bekârlarin evlilige tesvik edilmesi alinacak tedbirler arasinda dusunulmustur. Bu baglamda bekârlardan vergi alinmasina dair ilk kanun teklifini 19 Ekim 1920 tarihinde Canik Milletvekili Hamdi Bey yapmistir. Hamdi Bey’in teklifini, 22 Şubat 1921 tarihinde Erzurum Miletvekili Salih Efendi’nin “Mecburi Teehhul Hakkindaki Kanun Teklifi” izlemistir. Sunulan bu teklifler meclis tarafindan kabul gormemisse de Cumhuriyet’in ilk yillarinda ulke nufusunun artirilmasi hususundaki cabalarin devam ettigini bize gostermektedir. Bunlari muteakip Yozgat Milletvekili Suleyman Sirri Icoz 18 Mart 1929 tarihinde Bekârlik Vergisi’ne iliskin teklifini meclise tasimistir. Soz konusu teklif basinda genis yanki bulmus olmakla birlikte meclisten gecirilememistir. Icoz’un, teklifini bazi farkliliklarla 1931, 1940 ve 1944 yillarinda yineledigi gorulmektedir. Calismamizda Bekârlik Vergisi teklifleri, icerikleri ve basindaki yansimalariyla birlikte ortaya konulmaya calisilacaktir.","PeriodicalId":41235,"journal":{"name":"Gazi Akademik Bakis-Gazi Academic View","volume":"8 1","pages":"171-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2015-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68337344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}