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Preternature-Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural最新文献

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Dangers of the Night: The Witch, the Devil, and the "Nightmare" in Early Modern England 《黑夜的危险:近代早期英格兰的女巫、魔鬼和“噩梦”
IF 0.2
Preternature-Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural Pub Date : 2018-08-31 DOI: 10.5325/PRETERNATURE.7.2.0154
Charlotte-Rose Millar
{"title":"Dangers of the Night: The Witch, the Devil, and the \"Nightmare\" in Early Modern England","authors":"Charlotte-Rose Millar","doi":"10.5325/PRETERNATURE.7.2.0154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/PRETERNATURE.7.2.0154","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:This article focuses on associations between early modern English witchcraft, demonic activity, temptation and transformation, and the night. It has a particular emphasis on \"nightmare\" encounters, a term used here not in the modern sense of a bad dream but in the premodern sense of a physical assault by a supernatural being. In most early modern nightmare encounters, victims reported that it was either the Devil or, more commonly, a witch assaulting them in the night. However, in stories of accused witches reporting nightmare encounters, we see a distinctly different belief: that devils could lie on potential witches as part of a process of demonic temptation and transformation. In this article I will argue that these nightmare encounters represented a physical manifestation of an internal struggle against Satan. In doing so I will revisit and reinterpret current scholarship on the nightmare and reinforce the importance of the demonic in English witchcraft belief.","PeriodicalId":41216,"journal":{"name":"Preternature-Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural","volume":"31 1","pages":"154 - 181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87490765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Shakespeare and the Magic of Mummy: Julius Caesar's Consumed/Consuming Bodies 莎士比亚和木乃伊的魔力:尤利乌斯·凯撒被消耗的身体
IF 0.2
Preternature-Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural Pub Date : 2018-08-31 DOI: 10.5325/preternature.7.2.0215
Katherine Walker
{"title":"Shakespeare and the Magic of Mummy: Julius Caesar's Consumed/Consuming Bodies","authors":"Katherine Walker","doi":"10.5325/preternature.7.2.0215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/preternature.7.2.0215","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:I argue in this article for a reconsideration of Shakespeare's play in light of the phenomena of eating mummified flesh in early modern medicinal practice. At various junctures in Julius Caesar, characters imagine consuming Caesar's sanctified flesh as an act of revenge, dissolution, or medical regimen. As this article shows, however, such an act is never empirically neutral. Rather, Shakespeare's drama explores the intractable animus that inheres in the corpse, particularly in the material of Caesar's flesh. In attending to the preternatural discourses surrounding this type of consumption, the article provides a new lens for understanding the period's fascination with—and desire for—a panacea that enfolds imprecation and special consideration of the preternatural properties of the human body.","PeriodicalId":41216,"journal":{"name":"Preternature-Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural","volume":"1998 1","pages":"215 - 238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88228128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
From Fairy Host to Mutant Community: The “Singular” Changeling in Folklore, Medical Discourse, and Theories of Evolutionary Change 从仙女宿主到突变群体:民间传说、医学话语和进化变化理论中的“单一”变灵
IF 0.2
Preternature-Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural Pub Date : 2018-03-16 DOI: 10.5325/PRETERNATURE.7.1.0088
Adam Lawrence
{"title":"From Fairy Host to Mutant Community: The “Singular” Changeling in Folklore, Medical Discourse, and Theories of Evolutionary Change","authors":"Adam Lawrence","doi":"10.5325/PRETERNATURE.7.1.0088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/PRETERNATURE.7.1.0088","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:The socially and biologically diverse “Fairyland” we find in legends represented to those who believed in supernatural agency both an alternative model for social relations and a metaphor for the unpredictable nature of life, including sudden physical transformation. The changeling legend—in which a healthy human is exchanged for a malformed fairy—played a significant role not only in traditional “diagnoses” for congenital malformation but also in contemplating evolutionary change. Science-fiction authors like Theodore Sturgeon, Poul Anderson, Paul McAuley, and Harlan Ellison appear to have adapted the legend to reimagine the versatile folkloric changeling as a potential model in a technologically advanced environment, where sympathy and hospitality are often pushed to the wayside. In highlighting humanity’s changeling status, these authors encourage us to reverence those earth-dwelling denizens that possibly gave us our ethos in the first place.","PeriodicalId":41216,"journal":{"name":"Preternature-Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural","volume":"70 1","pages":"118 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90401559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
“Something Came Over Him”: Narratives on Being “Carried by Witches” and Their Possible Connection to Altered States of Consciousness “有什么东西压倒了他”:关于“被女巫携带”的叙述及其与意识状态改变的可能联系
IF 0.2
Preternature-Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural Pub Date : 2018-03-16 DOI: 10.5325/PRETERNATURE.7.1.0050
M. Mencej
{"title":"“Something Came Over Him”: Narratives on Being “Carried by Witches” and Their Possible Connection to Altered States of Consciousness","authors":"M. Mencej","doi":"10.5325/PRETERNATURE.7.1.0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/PRETERNATURE.7.1.0050","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:The article discusses the experience of being “carried by witches” narrated to me repeatedly during my field research in rural eastern Slovenia in 2000–2001. The experience, which was ascribed to the agency of witches who “enchanted” their victims and led them astray, typically occurred in the forest at night and implied disorientation, sometimes (but not necessarily) the vision of light(s) that people followed or were drawn to, and a shift of consciousness. The article argues that particular neurological conditions (out-of-body experiences, near-death experiences) may have provided a basis for the experience of at least some of the subjects in the memorates, and that various cultural concepts explaining the experience, and cultural patterns of structuring narratives about it, may have been adopted by people in order to cope with and make sense of what they experienced in a society that does not grant cultural value to altered states of consciousness.","PeriodicalId":41216,"journal":{"name":"Preternature-Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural","volume":"40 1","pages":"50 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81346657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Living Plants, Dead Animals, and Other Matters: Embryos and Demons in Porphyry of Tyre 活的植物、死的动物和其他物质:泰尔斑岩中的胚胎和魔鬼
IF 0.2
Preternature-Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural Pub Date : 2018-03-16 DOI: 10.5325/PRETERNATURE.7.1.0001
Heidi Marx-Wolf
{"title":"Living Plants, Dead Animals, and Other Matters: Embryos and Demons in Porphyry of Tyre","authors":"Heidi Marx-Wolf","doi":"10.5325/PRETERNATURE.7.1.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/PRETERNATURE.7.1.0001","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:This article uses the notion of the body as “machinic assemblage” in the works of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari as a lens through which to approach the complex nature of embodiment in the work of the third-century Platonist and student of Plotinus, Porphyry of Tyre. In particular it focuses on the many assemblages Porphyry’s embryonic and demonic bodies make with other beings and forces in the late ancient cosmos. It concludes that by using this lens, we are invited to shift our attention away from approaches to ancient discussions on embodiment that focus on ontology and questions of static, singular essences and organisms, and instead focus on multiplicity and becoming. This approach, the article argues, gives rise to a more nuanced and complex picture of ancient cosmological and taxonomic thinking.","PeriodicalId":41216,"journal":{"name":"Preternature-Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural","volume":"78 5 1","pages":"1 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89539201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Witches and Cunning Folk in British Literature 1800–1940 1800-1940年英国文学中的女巫和狡猾的人
IF 0.2
Preternature-Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural Pub Date : 2018-03-16 DOI: 10.5325/PRETERNATURE.7.1.0027
R. Hutton
{"title":"Witches and Cunning Folk in British Literature 1800–1940","authors":"R. Hutton","doi":"10.5325/PRETERNATURE.7.1.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/PRETERNATURE.7.1.0027","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:Relatively little attention has been paid to representations of witches and cunning folk (popular magicians) in British literature of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. There have been a few pioneering works, but they have adopted different definitions of witches, concentrated on different spans of time, and reached different conclusions (and half of them are still contained in unpublished theses). This study covers the whole period between 1800 and 1940 and operates a consistent and rigorous set of definitions of the figures under consideration. It considers images of the witch as villain, victim, and heroine along with parallel images of cunning folk, and it demonstrates what remains constant in them and what changes over this long span of time. In doing so, it is intended to make a contribution to a better understanding of the place of witchcraft and magic in the modern British imagination.","PeriodicalId":41216,"journal":{"name":"Preternature-Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural","volume":"126 1","pages":"27 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78747387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
To Accommodate the Earthly Kingdom to Divine Will: Official and Nonconformist Definitions of Witchcraft in England (ca. 1542–1630) 使世俗王国适应神的意志:英格兰官方和非正统的巫术定义(约1542-1630)
IF 0.2
Preternature-Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural Pub Date : 2017-09-14 DOI: 10.5325/PRETERNATURE.6.2.0278
A. Mendez
{"title":"To Accommodate the Earthly Kingdom to Divine Will: Official and Nonconformist Definitions of Witchcraft in England (ca. 1542–1630)","authors":"A. Mendez","doi":"10.5325/PRETERNATURE.6.2.0278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/PRETERNATURE.6.2.0278","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:This article compares and contrasts England's first three Witchcraft Acts (1542, 1563, and 1604) with demonological treatises published by English theologians and clerics between 1580 and 1627 with the intention of highlighting the different ways both types of texts defined witches and their actions. This research focuses on cunning folk as healers to emphasize the disparity of interests and aims that underpinned the representation of witchcraft in civil law and religious treatises concerning that issue. I suggest that during Elizabethan and Jacobean periods, discussions about the definition of witchcraft became one of the battlefields where those who thought the English Reformation had achieved its ends and those who propelled a more thorough disciplining of the population to create a godly society collided. I argue that demonological works served, among other purposes, to express grievances about the official religious policy.","PeriodicalId":41216,"journal":{"name":"Preternature-Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural","volume":"1 1","pages":"278 - 309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75577546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Fabricating Monstrosity: Secrets and Violence in the Lay of Graelent and Several Old French Fabliaux 《制造怪物:格莱伦特和几个古法国法布里奥的秘密与暴力》
IF 0.2
Preternature-Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural Pub Date : 2017-09-14 DOI: 10.5325/preternature.6.2.0212
Stefanie A. Goyette
{"title":"Fabricating Monstrosity: Secrets and Violence in the Lay of Graelent and Several Old French Fabliaux","authors":"Stefanie A. Goyette","doi":"10.5325/preternature.6.2.0212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/preternature.6.2.0212","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:Hidden knowledge in the Old French lays and fabliaux predominantly concerns the bodies, behaviors, and desires of women, who are portrayed as jealously guarding their secrets while men seek to discover them. In the twelfth-century Lai de Graelent and various Old French fabliaux from the twelfth through fourteenth centuries, women are marked with the trait of monstrosity, indicating the bodily site of hidden knowledge. The body itself thus becomes the secret, representing the material difference that supposedly produces epistemological difference, and these two registers are conflated as knowledge is sought by violating the body. This article connects the lays and fabliaux, which are rarely studied together, and argues that women in these tales can exploit perceptions of monstrosity to short-circuit the violence inherent to conventions that pose them as the ultimate object of knowledge.","PeriodicalId":41216,"journal":{"name":"Preternature-Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural","volume":"15 1","pages":"212 - 235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86973327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rethinking with Demons: The Campaign Against Superstition in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe from a Cognitive Perspective 与恶魔一起反思:从认知视角看中世纪晚期和近代早期欧洲的反迷信运动
IF 0.2
Preternature-Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural Pub Date : 2017-09-14 DOI: 10.5325/PRETERNATURE.6.2.0236
Andrew W. Keitt
{"title":"Rethinking with Demons: The Campaign Against Superstition in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe from a Cognitive Perspective","authors":"Andrew W. Keitt","doi":"10.5325/PRETERNATURE.6.2.0236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/PRETERNATURE.6.2.0236","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:Popular religion in late medieval and early modern Europe posited an invisible world densely populated with both personal spirits and impersonal forces that interacted constantly with the natural and social realms in ambiguous and unpredictable ways. This represented a stark contrast to elite theological discourse, which insisted on dividing the spirit world into a strict moral dichotomy of good and evil spirits, operating within a rigid causal taxonomy of natural, preternatural, and supernatural. During this period, deviations from this elite theological consensus were increasingly labeled \"superstitious.\" The cognitive science of religion postulates that beliefs about demons and spirits are constrained by the evolved cognitive architecture of our species, and in this article I show that the patterns of religious belief and practice targeted by the critics of superstition are compatible wth key hypotheses in the cognitive science of religion.","PeriodicalId":41216,"journal":{"name":"Preternature-Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural","volume":"8 1","pages":"236 - 277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86035004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Criminological Construction of Female Mediumship in Early Twentieth-Century Germany 二十世纪初德国女性媒介身份的犯罪学建构
IF 0.2
Preternature-Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural Pub Date : 2017-09-14 DOI: 10.5325/PRETERNATURE.6.2.0337
H. Wolffram
{"title":"The Criminological Construction of Female Mediumship in Early Twentieth-Century Germany","authors":"H. Wolffram","doi":"10.5325/PRETERNATURE.6.2.0337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/PRETERNATURE.6.2.0337","url":null,"abstract":"During the early twentieth century, several prominent fraud trials that featured mediums as defendants captured public attention in Germany. Of particular note were the trials of the \"flower medium\" Anna Rothe in 1902 and the criminal-telepath Else Günther-Geffers in 1928, which were given substantial coverage in the German daily press. While these sensational trials focused the public on the question of the reality of mediumistic phenomena and psychical researchers on discovering the mechanism by which mediums achieved their supernormal feats, a small number of jurists and criminologists used such cases to explore the nature of female criminality. Among them was the criminologist Erich Wulffen, whose books Psychologie des Verbrechers (Psychology of the criminal) and Das Weib als Sexualverbrecherin (Woman as sexual criminal) used Rothe and Günther-Geffers as examples of a particular type of criminal: the hysterical female swindler.","PeriodicalId":41216,"journal":{"name":"Preternature-Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural","volume":"22 1","pages":"337 - 359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82083213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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