Irish Economic and Social History最新文献

{"title":"Reading and Print Cultures in Waterford, 1865–1939","authors":"D. Toms","doi":"10.1177/03324893211034119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03324893211034119","url":null,"abstract":"This article sets out to explore the emergence of reading and print cultures in Waterford over the period from the opening of the city’s Free Public Library to the outbreak of the Second World War in the twentieth century. It is intended to add to the growing body of writing emerging on reading and books in Ireland by honing in on the development of a local reading culture in an era of more democratic access to books, periodicals and other printed matter. By surveying the development of various lending and circulation libraries up to the establishment of the Waterford Free Public Library in 1896 and beyond into the Free State era, the argument will be made that many of the concerns around self-improvement and literacy remained constant despite the shift from member-run libraries to municipal libraries and from Victorian concerns about moral self-improvement to early Irish state concerns about nation-building and Catholic morality in the 1920s and 1930s. The article will also explore the publishing and book trade in the city throughout the same period. This small but significant industry provided employment for some of the very people who were the target of self-improvement and concerns about their ability to consume ‘morally dubious’ literature.","PeriodicalId":41191,"journal":{"name":"Irish Economic and Social History","volume":"49 1","pages":"80 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42537179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The State’s Attitude and Response to the Threat Posed by Tobacco Smuggling in Ireland 1780–1850","authors":"Seán M. Whitney","doi":"10.1177/03324893211034122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03324893211034122","url":null,"abstract":"Tobacco as one of the ‘old reliables’ has presented governments with a steady and lucrative revenue stream that continues to this day. The enormous difference between tobacco’s prime cost and that paid by the consumer is due to the imposition of government duties. This revenue was particularly threatened in the period in question by smugglers and their land-based accomplices who were attracted by the considerable profit to be made because of such a differential in price. The state response to this threat included largely ineffectual legislation and the expensive establishment of state agencies to combat this threat. This approach was maintained despite ongoing appeals from economic commentators and members of the tobacco trade for a reduction in duty which they felt would make it uneconomical for smuggling to continue.","PeriodicalId":41191,"journal":{"name":"Irish Economic and Social History","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43687656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Structure of Wealth-Holding in Pre-Famine Ireland","authors":"N. Cummins, C. Ó Gráda","doi":"10.1177/0332489320984348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0332489320984348","url":null,"abstract":"Very little is known about wealth-holding and its distribution in Ireland in the past. Here we employ death duty register data to analyse and identify a sample of the top wealth-holders in Ireland between the early 1820s and late 1830s. We examine the sources of their wealth and its regional spread, and compare them with their British counterparts. We also discuss the share of Catholics and Quakers among top wealth-holders.","PeriodicalId":41191,"journal":{"name":"Irish Economic and Social History","volume":"48 1","pages":"108 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0332489320984348","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41779808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: A New History of the Irish in Australia","authors":"Sophie Cooper","doi":"10.1177/0332489320969995i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0332489320969995i","url":null,"abstract":"scholarly organisations sit uncomfortably side by side. The focus of the volume as suggested by the title and the introduction seems to fit well under the auspices of the Group for the Study of Irish Historic Settlement. In that regard, there are some wonderful and potentially very important contributions which make Church and Settlement in Ireland a notable contribution to scholarship (and, given the affiliations of the contributors, one cannot help but remark on the very high quality of research clearly being undertaken in and around the Department of Archaeology at University College Cork). By contrast, the American Society of Irish Medieval Studies seems to be embracing different aims and perhaps the contributions focusing on medieval Irish literature, its date and its historical value, would have been better placed elsewhere.","PeriodicalId":41191,"journal":{"name":"Irish Economic and Social History","volume":"47 1","pages":"144 - 146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0332489320969995i","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46969258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: The Brigidine Sisters in Ireland, America, Australia and New Zealand, 1807–1922","authors":"R. Donlon","doi":"10.1177/0332489320969995l","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0332489320969995l","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41191,"journal":{"name":"Irish Economic and Social History","volume":"47 1","pages":"150 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0332489320969995l","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46029455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: The Jesuit Irish Mission: A Calendar of Correspondence, 1566–1752","authors":"James Kelly","doi":"10.1177/0332489320969995k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0332489320969995k","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41191,"journal":{"name":"Irish Economic and Social History","volume":"47 1","pages":"148 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0332489320969995k","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42736992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: Strangling Angel: Diphtheria and Childhood Immunization in Ireland","authors":"Alice Mauger","doi":"10.1177/0332489320969995d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0332489320969995d","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41191,"journal":{"name":"Irish Economic and Social History","volume":"47 1","pages":"133 - 135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0332489320969995d","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47111455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: Children and the Great Hunger in Ireland","authors":"Marnie Hay","doi":"10.1177/0332489320969995g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0332489320969995g","url":null,"abstract":"text. It is important to remember that the number of manuscripts pertaining to Irish Presbyterians in the period surveyed are relatively few and far between. And those that do exist are often concerned with matters of a personal or political nature. The author has, nevertheless, made good use of the J. Gresham Machen papers housed in the Montgomery Library, Westminster Theological Seminary in Philadelphia, which include some crucial insights on the Davey controversy. Other readers may be disappointed that certain subjects are only addressed in summary form. For instance, the author’s discussion of the 1859 revival is a descriptive taxonomy of various opinions on the revival, which does not help the reader to determine which view was historically correct. Given the broad time frame and the range of topics that the book covers, however, it would be unrealistic to expect in-depth analysis of every subject addressed. One point that needs to be emphasised in relation to Henry Cooke is that his call for greater cooperation with the Church of Ireland was not, as his critics misrepresented it, a demand that they unite with those who persecuted their seventeenth-century forebears. Instead, Cooke was seeking greater unity with Church of Ireland evangelicals, many of whom were Reformed, while at the same time he denounced both the earlier Laudians and the contemporary Puseyites as cryptoRomanists. These minor points aside, The Irish Presbyterian Mind is an excellent overview of the intellectual history of an important Protestant group, and we hope that it will encourage further research in this neglected field.","PeriodicalId":41191,"journal":{"name":"Irish Economic and Social History","volume":"47 1","pages":"139 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0332489320969995g","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42536415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: Researching Ulster Ancestors: The Essential Genealogical Guide to Early Modern Ulster, 1600–1800","authors":"E. Darcy","doi":"10.1177/0332489320969995m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0332489320969995m","url":null,"abstract":"(p. 304). Yet, perhaps the greatest strength of this work is the way in which Power seamlessly laces this dense contextual discussion with unique personal narratives. Throughout, the reader is introduced to immigrants such as Mother Ignatius Fitzpatrick who used her musical skills to generate income for the community in Coonamble. Similarly, against the backdrop of complicated diocesan negotiations and extremely difficult living conditions, Power describes Mother Brigid Desmond, who despite having her leg amputated ‘demonstrated her stoicism . . . [by] continuing to teach in the school, being wheeled there in her chair’, a distance of a quarter of a mile. Power depicts the Brigidines as socially engaged and politically aware immigrants, noting how Mother Gertrude Banahan and the congregation at Wairarapa made a donation of three guineas to Joseph Devlin’s Home Rule Fund collection in 1905 (p. 307), and she also highlights Mother Francis Humphrys’ attitude to the 1916 Rising (p. 225). A relative of ‘The O’Rahilly’, Mother Francis was especially proud of her family’s involvement in the events of Easter Week. Power suggests that Irish sisterhoods were ‘active agents in spreading the “spiritual empire” of Irish Catholicism’ (p. 183). There is little doubt that the Brigidine Sisters played an important role in the evolution of this empire, and Power’s work is significant in the context of this transnational discourse. At times, perhaps, the scope of this study seems ambitious and it is sometimes difficult to transcend the minutiae, but this is countered by author’s ability to identify, and engage with, the personal stories of the immigrants themselves. The book is well-produced and contains a number of illustrations, an extensive bibliography and a detailed prosopography of known Brigidine Sisters. It is an intriguing and compelling contribution to the study of Irish immigrant life.","PeriodicalId":41191,"journal":{"name":"Irish Economic and Social History","volume":"47 1","pages":"152 - 154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0332489320969995m","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47743078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: Envoy Extraordinary: Professor Smiddy of Cork","authors":"Graham Brownlow","doi":"10.1177/0332489320969995n","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0332489320969995n","url":null,"abstract":"highlighted as potential sources for genealogical research. Another fascinating insight into real lives lived is a vignette taken from the London Gazette dated 24 April 1679. A Scottish minister called Lawry from Fermanagh was pardoned for killing three notorious ‘Tories’. Allegedly, Lawry was almost shot in the incident but avoided injury as one of his accomplices managed to chop the hand off of the person aiming at him (p. 200). Similarly, Roulston’s description of the annotations of election poll books indicates the rich spoils for those willing to engage in such detailed research. For example, in the 1753 Armagh poll book, Robert Jones was objected to for ‘being seen at mass and giving offerings to the priests’ (p. 180). Perhaps the greatest addition to this updated version of Roulston’s guide is chapter thirteen, which explains how families can delve into records concerning emigration from Ulster. As Roulston admits, there is a significant dearth of evidence as, until 1890, no official attempt was made to record the names of those who left Ireland. Nonetheless, there are places where some information might be found. A section on background reading suggests useful avenues for readers to explore to understand the broader context. A further section details how contemporary newspapers like the Belfast News-Letter occasionally printed letters by passengers expressing their gratitude to various captains for bringing them to America safely. Roulston also suggests that some evidence may be contained in leases and petitions to landlords as often they contain references to tenants about to emigrate or name people that have already left the estate. While this may seem like an exercise in finding a needle in a haystack, the task appears much more manageable thanks to Roulston’s handy appendix that details the most prominent estate collections that concern Ulster landlords. Any amateur genealogist or local historian of Ulster will find this book immensely valuable. It provides a key to unlock the treasure trove contained in the Irish archival record. If any criticism can be made of the book it is that it slightly undersells itself. Although Researching Ulster Ancestors is specifically tailored towards research about Ulster, any genealogist, undergraduate or new postgraduate student would find this book a useful introduction into many of Ireland’s key archives. Those seeking inspiration for potential final-year undergraduate or postgraduate dissertation topics could find some ideas perusing these pages indicating the breadth and depth of Roulston’s expertise and work. In short, this is an excellent work that will prove invaluable to future generations of family historians eager to understand their Ulster roots and budding historians about to embark on their research careers.","PeriodicalId":41191,"journal":{"name":"Irish Economic and Social History","volume":"47 1","pages":"154 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0332489320969995n","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49078654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}