Military Technical Collection最新文献

{"title":"Cognitive model of an organization to counter negative security environment tendencies aimed at violating the sustainable development of the selected target country","authors":"Volodymyr Bohdanovych, V. Muzhenko, A. Tsybizov","doi":"10.33577/2312-4458.30.2024.3-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33577/2312-4458.30.2024.3-7","url":null,"abstract":"A simplified cognitive model of the organization of counteracting negative trends in the military-political and geopolitical situation (security environment) on the part of unfriendly states is presented, which in the future can develop into threats of a military nature or disrupt the sustainable development of the target state, and even provoke armed aggression against it. The developed cognitive model of the organization of early countermeasures against negative trends in the security environment on the part of unfriendly states is based on known technologies of cognitive and mathematical modeling, expert evaluation, forecasting and analysis of hierarchies. The cognitive model allows the system of ensuring national security to solve the problem of early detection of negative phenomena and trends that may later turn it into a state of chaos. A feature of the cognitive model is the identification of groups of main and mediated factors that can increase the negative trend under consideration, assessment of the risk levels of factors, with the help of which the assessment (forecasting) of integral levels of risks of disruption of the sustainable development of the state, created in selected areas of national security by a specific negative trend, is carried out . The cognitive model provides expert forecasting of the threshold level of the risk of the introduction of a crisis state and, in the event of its achievement in at least one area, the introduction of an anti-crisis management regime in this area of ​​national security. In other cases, thanks to the implemented feedback, the model implements a controlled reduction of the impact of the identified negative trends in the security environment to the level defined by the regulations in the legal space of the target state.","PeriodicalId":410766,"journal":{"name":"Military Technical Collection","volume":"22 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141662487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of active learning methods on the example of teaching the educational discipline “military bridges and roads”","authors":"О. Stadnichuk, Y. Ftemov, A. Karshen, V. Nados, L. Kropyvnytska","doi":"10.33577/2312-4458.28.2023.124-132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33577/2312-4458.28.2023.124-132","url":null,"abstract":"The modern educational process is based on the paradigm of personal-oriented learning and involves purposeful and meaningful interaction between those who teach and those who learn. The methodology of teaching the disciplines of the military special training unit requires a significant arsenal of generally accepted and specific methods, techniques and means of learning, in particular active and interactive methods that encourage the cadet to direct and conscious self-development, the acquisition of quality knowledge, professional skills, and the creative solution of identified problems. The issue of finding new and adapting known forms and methods of conducting classes, choosing the most effective among them to increase the level of training of military specialists is urgent and requires detailed research. The purpose of the study is to reveal the role, advantages and disadvantages of active learning and to analyze the possibility of its integration into the educational process of cadets in higher military educational institutions. The main task was to determine potential risks during the use of active learning methods with cadets and to conduct a comparative analysis of the results of the control and experimental groups. The main concerns of teachers and cadets that arise during the implementation of new educational methods are analyzed. It was established that the academic achievements of cadets thanks to active learning are statistically significant and the overall productivity of cadets studying with the help of active learning methods is higher, which is confirmed by the actual level of knowledge and the total effect of active learning methods. The influence of different types and forms of tasks practiced in group classes on the discipline “Military Bridges and Roads” was studied and it was found that the most productive types of tasks that contribute to the assimilation of knowledge are situational tasks, task schemes and description schemes. Implementation of the proposed innovative forms and methods of conducting group classes will help to increase the rate of assimilation of educational material compared to traditional approaches. The main direction of further research should be directed to the development of various types of tasks and forms of their implementation, which will contribute to the formation of the cognitive activity of cadets both under the guidance of a teacher and during independent training, as well as to the creation of an informational and educational “e-environment” taking into account the rapidity of development information and communication technologies.","PeriodicalId":410766,"journal":{"name":"Military Technical Collection","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125098134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery of military communication equipment with combat damage","authors":"L. Sakovych, Y. Ryzhov, Yana Kuriata, Ihor Hyrenko, Y. Nastishin","doi":"10.33577/2312-4458.28.2023.107-113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33577/2312-4458.28.2023.107-113","url":null,"abstract":"During hostilities, military communications equipment can be damaged to varying degrees. This is also possible in the event of accidental damage during field exercises or in the event of a violation of conservation technology in the process of placing the equipment for long-term storage, as well as in case of non-compliance of the storage conditions with the established requirements. In the above cases, the equipment receives multiple (multiple) defects, the elimination of which is carried out in stages: first defect detection, and then diagnosis. \u0000The article proposes for the first time an approach to the rational distribution of efforts between stages during the work of a team of specialists, which allows to minimize the average time to restore the working capacity of damaged communication equipment. At the same time, modern achievements in the field of technical diagnostics and metrology were used, the possibility of complex application of types of group search for defects, which was not taken into account in known works, was investigated. Functional dependencies were obtained and the procedure for determining individual stages was formalized to minimize the total time for restoring the operational capacity of damaged communication equipment. Examples of the use of the obtained results and evaluation of the implementation in the practice of military repair in field conditions are given. The proposed block diagram of the algorithm for calculating the distribution of defect time and diagnosis when eliminating multiple defects of military communication equipment by various methods. It is noted that the use of the proposed process of formalization of the rational distribution of the efforts of the team of hardware and technical support specialists in the restoration of military communication equipment with a weak degree of damage allows in each specific case, depending on the real conditions of the repair, to receive recommendations on achieving the minimum time to restore performance. \u0000It was established that the use of the obtained results allows to reduce the average time of restoration of damaged military communication equipment due to the rational distribution of the efforts of specialists between the stages of defect detection and diagnosis from 8% to 25%.","PeriodicalId":410766,"journal":{"name":"Military Technical Collection","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115496417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the characteristic colors of the terrain in the development of camouflage means","authors":"Serhii Tsybulia","doi":"10.33577/2312-4458.28.2023.114-123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33577/2312-4458.28.2023.114-123","url":null,"abstract":"Color and pattern are integral parts of the visual characteristics of camouflage. These means, taking into account the experience of military operations during the Russian-Ukrainian war, can significantly increase the survivability and safety of personnel, weapons and military equipment, by eliminating the characteristic unmasking signs of these military facilities and hiding them on vegetative, desert-steppe, snowy and urbanized areas background. \u0000The paper considers the first stage in the design of camouflage means of concealment - the identification of the characteristic colors of the area. The identification of characteristic colors is proposed to be carried out using clustering related to unsupervised machine learning methods. The number of clusters determines the number of colors that will be displayed on the masking surface. \u0000It was determined that it is advisable to analyze terrain images stored in the digital JPEG format, and the colors are represented in the RGB additive color model. \u0000When conducting research, such a clustering method for image analysis as k-means was used, which has an advantage over other clustering methods in ease of implementation, unpretentiousness in resources and sufficient computational speed. Other clustering methods, such as hierarchical or density-based, have not proven to be suitable for image clustering. The comparison was made with the most common clustering methods: c-means, DBSCAN, OPTICS, agglomerative, spectral biclustering, etc. \u0000Various algorithmic approaches to choosing the number of clusters were tested, according to the results of the experiments, the “elbow” method was chosen as the most optimal one. \u0000Mathematical algorithms were taken from open sources, their implementation was carried out using common software libraries for machine learning of the Python programming language. \u0000The results of the work made it possible to choose mathematical algorithms for determining the number of colors of camouflage means of concealment. This will allow to analyze the terrain of all natural zones of Ukraine and design effective camouflage coverings for the Armed Forces of Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":410766,"journal":{"name":"Military Technical Collection","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124188810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the accuracy of the approximation of the nonlinear parameters of the projectile flight","authors":"Volodymyr Мaidaniuk Volodymyr, Semen Bondarenko, Andrii Onofriichuk","doi":"10.33577/2312-4458.28.2023.34-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33577/2312-4458.28.2023.34-42","url":null,"abstract":"The article evaluates the accuracy of the approximation of the aerodynamic force coefficients (moments) of the projectile and atmospheric parameters, which are significantly nonlinear. The aerodynamic force coefficients (moments) of the 155-mm Assegai M2000 projectile of the South African company Denel Naschem and atmospheric parameters defined by the international standard ISO 2533:1975/Add.1:1985(en) Standard Atmosphere are taken as basis. The estimation of the accuracy of the approximation of the tabular values is presented through the relative error (misalignment) between the given tabular data and the values of the approximated function of the aerodynamic force coefficients (moments). Analytical functions are used as approximating functions, such as the sum of a support function (error function) and a set of basic functions (Gaussian functions), which makes it possible to obtain an approximating function continuously differentiated on the segment of the change in the projectile flight parameter, which can be represented by a single expression. In the Maple software environment, analytical functions (error functions and Gaussian functions) were approximated to the tabulated values of the aerodynamic coefficients of forces (moments) of the 155-mm Assegai M2000 projectile. The obtained values of the single analytical functions of force coefficients (moments) and atmospheric parameters can be used to solve the problems of calculating firing tables, preparing data using ballistic integrating algorithms (ballistic calculators) for firing existing, new artillery systems and those systems being modernized. It is shown that by iterative procedures of approximation of tabular data of aerodynamic force coefficients (moments) and parameters of the atmosphere, it is possible to construct analytical functions in the form of a continuous function of the projectile flight parameter within the entire range of its change, ensuring the given accuracy of its approximation to the tabular data.","PeriodicalId":410766,"journal":{"name":"Military Technical Collection","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121194523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Method of calculating the influence of the suppression system on the autonomy of an armored combat vehicle","authors":"V. Duschenko, R. Nanivskyi, V. Masliev, Oleg Agapov, A. Masliev","doi":"10.33577/2312-4458.28.2023.18-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33577/2312-4458.28.2023.18-25","url":null,"abstract":"A method of calculating the effect of vibrations of the sprung body and the operation of the suspension system of an armored combat vehicle on its autonomy has been developed. One of the main indicators of autonomy is the power reserve, which depends on the specific fuel consumption. In the process of moving over bumps, a significant part of the power plant's energy, and accordingly fuel, is spent on the occurrence of vibrations of the sprung body of the machine and its unsprung masses. Then the energy of these vibrations is converted into heat in the damping devices of the chassis. In difficult road conditions, on real tracks, these losses average 10...15% of power plant power. In resonant modes, when moving along a harmonic profile of irregularities, they can reach 30%. Calculation and reduction of these costs will increase the autonomy of the armored combat vehicle. \u0000The methodology is based on the calculation of the energy balance of the longitudinal, angular and vertical vibrations of the sprung body of the machine and the vibrations of its unsprung masses, the deformation energies of the elastic elements of the suspension, the rubber hinges of the guide devices and tires, as well as the energies absorbed by the suspension damping devices, its rubber hinges and tires. Depending on this balance, there is either an increase in the load on the power plant and, accordingly, an increase in fuel consumption, or it decreases and the energy of the suspension system becomes the driving force. To calculate the oscillations of the sprung body and components of the energy balance, it is necessary to use a mathematical model of the movement of an armored combat vehicle over bumps. All the necessary parameters of the machine, a deterministic road profile of bumps and a high-speed driving mode are set. Amplitudes and velocities of longitudinal angular and vertical oscillations of the sprung body and oscillations of unsprung masses are calculated from these input data. For each suspension, its kinematics, twisting angles of torsions, forces in damping devices and the amount of movement of their working bodies and deformation of rubber joints and tires are calculated. Next, the magnitude and sign of the change in the total energy of the sprung body and the sprung system at each moment of time is determined. Based on the additional energy calculated using the efficiency coefficients of the engine and transmission, the additional power supplied by the power plant and, accordingly, additional fuel consumption are determined. \u0000Thus, it is possible to evaluate and compare with each other the reduction in the range of the armored combat vehicle, which is caused by the fluctuations of the sprung body and the operation of the suspension system, depending on the type and characteristics of the suspension, when driving in specific road conditions, at the given speed modes. With the help of the developed methodology, it is possible to carry out structural and parametri","PeriodicalId":410766,"journal":{"name":"Military Technical Collection","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124910681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation the set of combat capabilities parameters of the strike unmanned flight apparatus based on a faceted classification system","authors":"Mykola Nekhin, L. Kanevsky, Yu. V. Mironchuk","doi":"10.33577/2312-4458.28.2023.87-99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33577/2312-4458.28.2023.87-99","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main approaches to improving the strategy and tactics of the use of strike unmanned aircraft systems is the creation of a methodology for the formation of requirements for their combat capabilities in accordance with the place of the aircraft in the accepted classification system. Today, there are several classification systems for unmanned aircraft systems according to different principles. These classification systems complement each other, but none of them provides full coverage of the set of parameters that characterize an unmanned aircraft complex. There is an urgent need to combine various systems and principles of classification into a single organized system that covers all types and classes of unmanned aerial vehicles. types The facet system makes it possible to delineate the boundaries of the requirements for the combat capabilities of unmanned aerial vehicles depending on their position in the classification system. \u0000The article provides a list and content of parameters of the combat capabilities of strike unmanned aerial systems and briefly considers the interrelationships between them. It is shown that the mass of the combat unit, which the aircraft is capable of carrying, is the basic criterion in the set of combat capabilities. This mass functionally depends on a number of factors, the main of which are the gross take-off weight, the passport duration of the flight and the cruising speed of the aircraft. The nature of this dependence was established on the basis of a statistical analysis of the combat and tactical-technical indicators of attack unmanned aerial vehicles weighing up to 250 kg, which are in service with a number of countries of the world. \u0000A method of forecasting the values of the parameters of the combat capabilities of strike unmanned aerial vehicles is proposed, depending on their place in the faceted classification system. The application of the method makes it possible to establish a relationship between the types of combat tasks and the types of aircraft suitable for solving them.","PeriodicalId":410766,"journal":{"name":"Military Technical Collection","volume":"114 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134161297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospects of the use of high-tension fiber concrete as the basis for the formation of protective shelters and fortification structures during the russian-ukrainian war","authors":"Sergyy Korolko, Myroslav Sanytskyy, T. Kropyvnytska, Artem Dziuba, Yu. M. Shabatura","doi":"10.33577/2312-4458.28.2023.25-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33577/2312-4458.28.2023.25-33","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the current state of protective shelters and fortification structures, foresees the modern possibilities of using fastening and basalt-type structures to increase the stability of concrete fortifications both during the construction of buildings for the protection of the civilian population, and for the creation of dugouts, fortifications and fire structures for the protection of personnel in accordance. \u0000Studies of the physical and mechanical properties of fiber concrete modified with plasticizers and active mineral additives using basalt and polypropylene fibers have shown that their introduction has a positive effect on the strength characteristics of concrete. The compressive strength of fiber concrete at day 28 increases from 61.4 to 77.0 and 96.2 MPa, respectively, and the flexural strength from 7.4 to 12.7 and 13.8 MPa, respectively. \u0000For the production of reinforced concrete protective materials, it is more effective to create hybrid high-strength concrete using fibers of different nature, followed by the formation of a reinforced concrete slab of the appropriate size. At the same time, the standard provides for the manufacture of prefabricated reinforced concrete elements of fortification structures and platoon support points of wall panels of the SP-1, SP-2 type and floor slabs PP-1 with a thickness of at least 300 mm from heavy concrete of strength class C32/40 with the use of plasticizers and active chemical additives. \u0000However, when using the obtained hybrid fiber concrete with strength class C50/60 and using a reinforcing mesh according to the calculated data, it is possible to reduce the effective thickness of the fiber concrete slab to 27.5 cm installation of fortification. \u0000The use of a reinforcing mesh in a complex with basalt fiber provides increased resistance of fiber concrete to the action of a high-speed impact due to an increase in the density of the cementing matrix as a result of a decrease in water consumption, as well as due to spatial three-dimensional reinforcement with dispersed basalt fiber. As a result of the mutual combination of the strength characteristics of the concrete matrix at the micro- and macro-levels in hybrid fiber concrete, it is possible to reduce the thickness of reinforced concrete elements and reduce the weight of the protective structure while meeting the requirements of the standards for such fortifications. An increase in the strength of cement stone occurs due to a decrease in the concentration of stresses in places of local stresses and a redistribution of energy throughout the volume of the material. \u0000The conducted studies of modern hybrid high-strength concrete with basalt fiber create new opportunities for the creation of protective concrete fortifications and fortification structures.","PeriodicalId":410766,"journal":{"name":"Military Technical Collection","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132459443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of tangential and normal components of wind speed on the flight distance of the projectile","authors":"P. Tkachyck, L. Velychko, M. Voytovych, M. Sorokatiy","doi":"10.33577/2312-4458.28.2023.99-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33577/2312-4458.28.2023.99-106","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the mathematical model proposed by the authors for determining the force of frontal air resistance motion of the projectile, the influence of the accompanying (oncoming) wind on its flight range is investigated. \u0000Because the nature of the behavior of the frontal air resistance depends significantly on the speed of the projectile supersonic, subsonic or subsonic, then the functional dependence of the frontal air resistance force on \u0000speeds are described separately for each in particular. Values of characteristic functional coefficients dependencies are determined using the results of polygon studies, which are given in the tables shooting \u0000In the works of other authors, the magnitude of displacements of the flight range of the projectile due to the action of the companion (oncoming) wind was determined using certain dependencies. The values of correction coefficients and resistance coefficient was determined experimentally with a certain accuracy. In addition, pressure was not taken into account of wind on the side surface of the projectile and the influence of wind speed on the speed of sound in air, the latter depends on the direction of movement of the projectile in space. \u0000The work considers the influence of the tangential and normal components of the accompanying (oncoming) wind, in relation to the projectile's trajectory, to its dynamics. The effect of wind speed is also taken into account at the speed of sound in air. \u0000The obtained theoretical results allow us to state that the normal component of the wind is significant affects the flight range of the projectile if its trajectory is convex. \u0000The effect of the normal component of the speed of the accompanying (oncoming) wind on the movement of the projectile is not significant, if the trajectory of the projectile is flat. However, in the case of projectile movement along a convex trajectory, its influence becomes significant Discrepancies between the tabular displacements of projectile flight distances due to the action of the companion of (oncoming) wind given in the firing tables, and displacements of projectile flight range determined at taking into account the tangential and normal components of the wind and the effect of the wind on the speed of sound in the air is essential. The obtained theoretical studies allow to automate the process of solving the straight line or inverse problems of external ballistics with arbitrary deterministic and non-deterministic values factors.","PeriodicalId":410766,"journal":{"name":"Military Technical Collection","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130676050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study of thermal conditions of the formation of aerosol from graphite grade GВ-50/12 in the power plant of a T-64B tank","authors":"I. Tantsiura, K. Korytchenko, O. Stakhovskyi, V. Shmatkov, O. Klimov, O. Linyvtsev","doi":"10.33577/2312-4458.28.2023.53-60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33577/2312-4458.28.2023.53-60","url":null,"abstract":"The results of an experimental investigation of the properties of GV-50/12 graphite and the measurement of the thermal parameters of the gas outflow in the power plant of the T-64B tank on the subject of the formation of an aerosol from expandable graphite are presented in the work. The method of improving the thermal smoke apparatus is disclosed, which consists in the injection of graphite powder into the bypass gas duct of the power setup of the T-64 tank, causing the release of an aerosol cloud from the power setup of the tank. The experimental study was divided into two parts: the study of the expanding coefficient of graphite GV-50/12; study of the temperature of the exhaust gases in the area of the gas duct outlet. The coefficient of an expansion of graphite was determined based on the results of the ratio of the bulk mass of graphite before heating and after heating at a constant measuring volume. Graphite mass was measured on an ADG200C analytical scales. The change in shape of graphite as a result of thermal shock was studied on an optical microscope with an image magnification of 140 times. According to the research results, it was found that the bulk density of GV-50/12 graphite decreases by 26 times as a result of thermal shock. It was determined that graphite particles acquire a three-dimensional structure. It is this structure that leads to a decrease in the bulk density of this substance. Therefore, in the case of using expanded graphite GV-50/12 as an aerosol substance, prolonged stability of the aerosol curtain is achieved due to low hydraulic coarseness. The study of the temperature of the exhaust gases in the area of the gas duct cover of the T-64B tank was carried out while the 5TDF engine was operating on the spot, while driving in 1st, 2nd, and 3rd gears. To measure the gas temperature, a K-type thermocouple was installed in the gas duct outlet, which has a temperature measurement range from 0 °C to + 800 °C. It was determined that in order to create an aerosol from graphite, it is necessary to increase the temperature of the gas in the outlet channel from 250-330 °С to 1000 °С. The increase in gas temperature can be achieved due to the combustion of fuel in the exhaust gases, given the presence of a sufficient concentration of oxygen. A sufficient concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gases is caused by the combustion of fuel in the engine with an excess of air by 1.8-2 times and by blowing the cylinders of the 5TDF engine with air.","PeriodicalId":410766,"journal":{"name":"Military Technical Collection","volume":"340 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125797155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}