Journal of Plant Studies最新文献_第9页

Inhibitory Activity of Citrus Madurensis Ripe Fruits Extract on Antigen-induced Degranulation in RBL-2H3 Cells 柑桔成熟果实提取物对抗原诱导的RBL-2H3细胞脱粒的抑制作用

Journal of Plant Studies Pub Date : 2016-10-24 DOI: 10.5539/JPS.V6N1P23

Kimihisa Itoh, K. Murata, M. Futamura-Masuda, T. Deguchi, Y. Ono, Marin Eshita, M. Fumuro, M. Iijima, H. Matsuda

引用次数: 1

Compartmentalization of Metabolites and Enzymatic Mediation in Nutritive Cells of Cecidomyiidae Galls on Piper Arboreum Aubl. (Piperaceae) 花椒瘿瘿营养细胞代谢产物的区隔化及酶的介导作用。(胡椒科)

Journal of Plant Studies Pub Date : 2016-10-20 DOI: 10.5539/JPS.V6N1P11

G. P. Bragança, D. Oliveira, R. Isaias

{"title":"Compartmentalization of Metabolites and Enzymatic Mediation in Nutritive Cells of Cecidomyiidae Galls on Piper Arboreum Aubl. (Piperaceae)","authors":"G. P. Bragança, D. Oliveira, R. Isaias","doi":"10.5539/JPS.V6N1P11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/JPS.V6N1P11","url":null,"abstract":"Galling insects commonly change the chemical profile of their host plant tissues during gall induction and establishment. As a consequence, galls accumulate a wide range of metabolites in specialized cells, which may be organized in a nutritive tissue and in outer storage cells. The nutrients compartmentalized in nutritive cells may be directly assessed or metabolized via enzymatic mediation, while the gall outer cortex may accumulate secondary metabolites. These secondary metabolites may configure a specialized chemical barrier against the attack of natural enemies. Either the nutritive inner cells or the outer cortical cells, with their specific metabolic apparatus, should differentiate under the chemical constraints of each host plant-galling herbivore interaction. This premise is herein addressed by the investigation of the histochemical profile of the non-galled leaves and galls induced by Diptera: Cecidomyiidae on Piper arboreum . The spatial compartmentalization of the nutritive and defensive metabolites indicates the new functions assumed during the redifferentiation of the host plant cells. The enzymatic mediation of the primary metabolites by sucrose synthase and invertases favors the nutritive requirements of the galling Cecidomyiidae or the structural maintenance of the gall. The accumulation of secondary metabolites is restrict to the tissue layers not involved in nutrition, and may act in the chemical protection against predators or parasitoids. Current results systematically document metabolites compartmentalization, evidence the impairment of toxic compounds storage in cells surrounding the larval chamber, as well as, detect the redirection of nutritive substances to the site of the Cecidomyiidae feeding. The activity of sucrose synthase is restrict to the nutritive tissue in the galls on Piper arboreum , and reinforces previous detection of this enzyme mediation in carbohydrate metabolism in Cecidomyiidae galls.","PeriodicalId":410634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Studies","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116513773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 41

Genetic Control of Beta-carotene, Iron and Zinc Content in Sweetpotato 甘薯中β -胡萝卜素、铁和锌含量的遗传控制

Journal of Plant Studies Pub Date : 2016-10-02 DOI: 10.5539/JPS.V6N1P1

E. Baafi, K. Ofori, E. Carey, V. Gracen, E. Blay, J. Manu-Aduening

{"title":"Genetic Control of Beta-carotene, Iron and Zinc Content in Sweetpotato","authors":"E. Baafi, K. Ofori, E. Carey, V. Gracen, E. Blay, J. Manu-Aduening","doi":"10.5539/JPS.V6N1P1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/JPS.V6N1P1","url":null,"abstract":"Micronutrients deficiency is a major contributor to poor health in developing countries. It can be alleviated by biofortification or enrichment of staple crops with micronutrients. Sweetpotato is a major staple crop in numerous tropical countries and is naturally biofortified. In spite of extensive promotion of orange-fleshed sweetpotato varieties (OFSPs), they are poorly utilized as staple food in most parts of West Africa because of their low dry matter and high sugar content. Beta-carotene is positively correlated with iron and zinc content in sweetpotato. Development of sweetpotato cultivars with end-user preferred traits and higher content of beta-carotene, iron and zinc will alleviate their deficiencies. Knowledge on the genetic control of these traits is critical for their improvement in sweetpotato. This study used diallel mating design to estimate general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) of storage root beta-carotene, iron and zinc content to determine the genetic control of these traits for sweetpotato breeding. A general model for estimating genetic effect, Gardner and Eberhart analysis II (GEAN II), was used for data analysis. Genetic variability for the traits indicated that they were mostly controlled by additive gene effect. Significant heterosis was found indicating that levels of these micronutrients can be improved in sweetpotato through breeding.","PeriodicalId":410634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Studies","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131365269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

A Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitory Activity by Mango (Mangifera indica) Leaf Methanolic Extract 芒果(Mangifera indica)叶甲醇提取物对胰脂肪酶的抑制作用

Journal of Plant Studies Pub Date : 2016-07-06 DOI: 10.5539/JPS.V5N2P72

Kimihisa Itoh, K. Murata, Y. Nakagaki, Ayaka Shimizu, Y. Takata, Kohsuke Shimizu, T. Matsukawa, S. Kajiyama, M. Fumuro, M. Iijima, H. Matsuda

引用次数: 5

Morphological Diversity of Farmers’ and Improved Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Cultivars Growing in Eritrea 厄立特里亚农民马铃薯和改良马铃薯品种形态多样性研究

Journal of Plant Studies Pub Date : 2016-06-28 DOI: 10.5539/JPS.V5N2P63

B. M. Ghebreslassie, S. Githiri, M. Tadesse, R. Kasili

{"title":"Morphological Diversity of Farmers’ and Improved Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Cultivars Growing in Eritrea","authors":"B. M. Ghebreslassie, S. Githiri, M. Tadesse, R. Kasili","doi":"10.5539/JPS.V5N2P63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/JPS.V5N2P63","url":null,"abstract":"Farmers’ and improved potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars growing in Eritrea are main sources of food and income to many growers. The current study was proposed to characterize 17 farmers’ and 4 imported cultivars of potato using 33 morphological descriptors. Planting was done in two geographically distinct locations, HAC and Asmara, Eritrea. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications having 18 plants per plot. Plants grown at HAC emerged early (24.52 days) and reach maturity (94.84 days) while at Asmara it took 43.77 and 123.59 days, respectively. However, yield was higher in Asmara (0.49 kg/plant) compared to HAC (0.37 kg/plant). An accession having many and longer stems was associated with more tuber production, but inversely related to yield. Similarly, accessions with higher stem thickness and tuber size were associated with high yields. The PCA analysis indicated that the first four components explained about 85% of the total variability among the studied materials. The PCA clustered the materials in to four main groups (GI, GII, GIII, GIV) mainly explained by flowering patterns and yield related descriptors. The work has provided useful information on morphological characteristics of the farmer’s potato to avoid duplication of resources and identify promising materials for future breeding program.","PeriodicalId":410634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125011503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Analysis of the Performance of two Rangeland Protocols, Monitoring and Assessment 两个牧场协议的绩效分析:监测和评估

Journal of Plant Studies Pub Date : 2016-05-25 DOI: 10.5539/JPS.V5N2P47

Soumana Idrissa

{"title":"Analysis of the Performance of two Rangeland Protocols, Monitoring and Assessment","authors":"Soumana Idrissa","doi":"10.5539/JPS.V5N2P47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/JPS.V5N2P47","url":null,"abstract":"This study compared and contrasted data from the stick and modified Braun-Blanquet monitoring protocols in three areas with different land use histories: an unrestored barren area, a young and old restored areas. The study areas are part of extensive degraded of birch woodland and willow shrubland that have partly been re-vegetated.Vegetation and site characteristics were assessed in the three areas using the two protocols and soil sampling to characterize the ecological status of a land that has been re-vegetated. The analysis of the two protocols data indicates similar tendency which is the improvement of the ecological condition of the restored areas compared to the unrestored area. The soil carbon and nitrogen contents increased when the pH decreased with the restoration age. The improvement is better at the old restored area which has received more fertilization compared to the young restoration. Stick method estimated greater cover of vascular plants, litters, mosses and rocks, and lower amount of bare ground than modified Braun-Blanquet. The two protocols provided similar estimates cover of lichens and sedges. Stick method also provided three supplementary indicators which were not included in modified Braun-Blanquet: plants base, basal and canopy gaps. Another observation that could be proved by further studies, stick seemed to be more precise and economical than modified Braun-Blanquet. The indicators provided by the two protocols were related to the three attributes of ecosystems and the rangelands health indicators. This study is a preliminary that cannot be able to recommend one method, but it advocates stick method to assess and monitor vegetation dominated by herbaceous layer as grassland and modified Braun-Blanquet for the one dominated by woody layer.","PeriodicalId":410634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Studies","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127728524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Root-trimming and Cutting-heights on Growth Performance of Potted Native Warm-season Grasses 修剪根高对盆栽原生暖季草生长性能的影响

Journal of Plant Studies Pub Date : 2016-04-22 DOI: 10.5539/JPS.V5N2P22

V. Temu, David Johnson, M. Kering

{"title":"Effects of Root-trimming and Cutting-heights on Growth Performance of Potted Native Warm-season Grasses","authors":"V. Temu, David Johnson, M. Kering","doi":"10.5539/JPS.V5N2P22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/JPS.V5N2P22","url":null,"abstract":"Mechanized transplanting of native warm-season grass (NWSG) seedlings raised in biodegradable strip-cups may require trimming outgrown and entwined roots to facilitate individual placement and complete root covering. During establishment, mowing is often used to reduce weed competition and promote tillering. In two randomized complete block split-split-plot design experiments, effects of root-trimming and cutting-height on growth and biomass production of potted NWSGs [big bluestem (BB, Andropogon gerardii Vitman), eastern gamagrass (GG, Tripsacum dactyloides L.), indiangrass (IG, Sorghastrum nutans L.), and switchgrass (SG, Panicum virgatum L.)] were assessed. Six-week old seedlings were transplanted, with or without root-trimming, and four of each type and species, assigned to 10-, 15-, or 20-cm cutting-height. All plants were fertilized uniformly and watered sufficiently. After a 7-d adjustment period, plants were clipped to 10 cm which promoted tillering. A three-week regrowth was then allowed before the first of three forage harvests, at assigned cutting-heights. Plant heights were recorded every two weeks after transplanting and on each harvest date. Data were analyzed for effects of root-trimming, cutting-height, and species. Root-trimming had no effect on the parameters. Cutting-height had no effect on plant heights except for second GG and SG regrowths, and/or the third BB and SG. Cutting-height affected only SG forage biomass significantly ( P 100%, but with similar root:total biomass ratios. Overall, species yield increased in the order; IG<BB<GG<SG. With adequate soil moisture and fertility, results indicate that root-trimming may not affect growth or forage biomass of NWSGs during establishment. Mowing NWSGs, during establishment, for up to three 20-cm cuts at ≥ 3-week intervals, may not impact recovery growth or belowground biomass, negatively. Results from field studies are required ahead of practical establishment management recommendations.","PeriodicalId":410634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Studies","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127938373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Belowground Influence of Rhizobium Inoculant and Water Hyacinth Composts on Yellow Bean Infested by Aphis fabae and Colletotrichum lindemuthianum under Field Conditions 田间条件下根瘤菌接种剂和水葫芦堆肥对黄豆蚜虫和炭疽菌侵染的地下影响

Journal of Plant Studies Pub Date : 2016-04-22 DOI: 10.5539/JPS.V5N2P32

Victoria Naluyange, D. Ochieno, Philip Wandahwa, M. Odendo, J. Maingi, A. Amoding, O. Ombori, D. Mukaminega, J. Muoma

{"title":"Belowground Influence of Rhizobium Inoculant and Water Hyacinth Composts on Yellow Bean Infested by Aphis fabae and Colletotrichum lindemuthianum under Field Conditions","authors":"Victoria Naluyange, D. Ochieno, Philip Wandahwa, M. Odendo, J. Maingi, A. Amoding, O. Ombori, D. Mukaminega, J. Muoma","doi":"10.5539/JPS.V5N2P32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/JPS.V5N2P32","url":null,"abstract":"Rhizobium inoculant has been developed for bean production in Lake Victoria basin. Two types of compost have been developed, water hyacinth compost with cattle manure culture (H+CMC) or with effective microbes (H+EM). Influence of Rhizobium and composts on Aphis fabae and Colletotrichum lindemuthianum were investigated in the field. Rhizobium and hyacinth composts increased nodulation (×2 to 5); while Aphis fabae population increased (×2) on Rhizobium -inoculated plants with H+EM. Incidence of C. lindemuthianum was high in Rhizobium -inoculated plants. Plants that received diammonium phosphate (DAP) fertilizer had few nodules, reduced germination, slow growth and low yields. In conclusion, the water hyacinth composts contain beneficial microbes that promote root nodulation by Rhizobium , which is necessary for nitrogen fixation, while enhancing tolerance to aboveground infestations by A. fabae and C. lindemuthianum . We raise questions on our results to stimulate research, considering that bean breeding programs in Africa have mainly focused on microbial pathogens, and not insect pests.","PeriodicalId":410634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Studies","volume":"32 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120996982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Ecology and Diversity of Diatoms in Kuttanadu Paddy Fields in Relation to Soil Regions, Seasons and Paddy-Growth-Stages 库塔那都水田硅藻生态与多样性与土壤区域、季节和水田生长阶段的关系

Journal of Plant Studies Pub Date : 2016-04-21 DOI: 10.5539/JPS.V5N2P7

Dhanya Vijayan, J. G. Ray

{"title":"Ecology and Diversity of Diatoms in Kuttanadu Paddy Fields in Relation to Soil Regions, Seasons and Paddy-Growth-Stages","authors":"Dhanya Vijayan, J. G. Ray","doi":"10.5539/JPS.V5N2P7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/JPS.V5N2P7","url":null,"abstract":"This assessment of ecology and diversity of Diatoms in Kuttanadu , is continuation of the previous publications of Green-algae and Blue-green-algae of the same region; all the three investigations were carried out simultaneously. The unique Kuttanadu wetlands (90°17'N to 90°40'N; 760°19'E to 760°33'E), a well known ‘Rice bowl’ of Kerala, spread over 53,639 hectares, is located in Alapuzha District of Kerala, India. This wetland was once known for its high biodiversity, but currently severely affected by intensive green-revolution activities of past few decades. Main objective of the present report is to explain the diversity and ecological status of Diatoms in relation to the environment conditions currently existing in the region. Duration of the study was from December 2009 to October 2010. Soil samples of three different soil-types in two different crop-seasons, at two diverse crop-growth-stages are analyzed and compared. Altogether 120 composite soil samples randomly collected from the broad wetlands are analyzed. A rich community of Diatoms, of 40 species is found out. The order Naviculales is observed as the dominant Diatom (40%) in these paddy wetlands. Ecological parameters of Diatoms were found highest in the Lower Kuttanadu soil region, during Virippu season, at the seedling- stage of the crop, whereas the lowest value for most of the parameters were observed in Kayal soils during Puncha season at the seedling-stage. Apart from the specific soil factors influencing Diatom population characteristics in the region, crop seasons and soil phosphorus are found to have significant influence on Diatoms in this wetland paddy soils.","PeriodicalId":410634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Studies","volume":"11 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129980063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Spring Wheat Breeding: Evaluation of Selected Adapted Spring Wheat Germplasm in Eastern Canada 春小麦育种:加拿大东部适应性春小麦种质选择评价

Journal of Plant Studies Pub Date : 2016-04-21 DOI: 10.5539/JPS.V5N2P1

S. Khanizadeh, H. Voldeng, Xue-lian Wang, A. Xue, Mirko Tabori, H. Moidu, R. Martin, A. Cummiskey, M. Etienne, E. Sparry, Jean Goulet

引用次数: 2