{"title":"A $64mathrm{x}64$-way Two-dimensional Beam-switching Butler Matrix for Multi-beam Massive MIMO","authors":"J. Hirokawa, T. Tomura, K. Nishimori, T. Hiraguri","doi":"10.1109/PAST43306.2019.9020759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PAST43306.2019.9020759","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a $64mathrm{x}64$-way one-body two-dimensional beam-switching Butler matrix for multi-beam massive MIMO transmission that eliminates channel state information estimation with constant modules algorithm in the digital part. The one-body two-dimensional switching matrix is realized by introducing the waveguide 2-plane couplers as hybrid and cross junctions. The 64 beams can cover 39.5% hemisphere by 0.65-wavelength aperture spacing in simulation. The measured beam coverage is almost the same to the simulated one. The effectiveness of the multi-beam massive MIMO using measured 8 by 8 beam patterns with the planar array is also clarified.","PeriodicalId":410526,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Phased Array System & Technology (PAST)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127079089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analytical Procedure for Determining the Response of an Antenna Array to an Indirect Lightning Discharge","authors":"E. Holzman, A. Svitak","doi":"10.1109/PAST43306.2019.9020920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PAST43306.2019.9020920","url":null,"abstract":"We present a theory and procedure for determining the voltages induced on a phased array aperture by radiation from an indirect lightning stroke. We derive the radiated electric field from electromagnetic theory and a double-exponential description of the stroke surge current amplitude. We use commercially available, time domain analysis software to model the array, excited by an incident plane-wave, having the derived electric field amplitude response.","PeriodicalId":410526,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Phased Array System & Technology (PAST)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115035663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis on heat dissipation characteristics of arrayed tile-type Digital Transmit/Receive Modules","authors":"Kichul Yoon, Seyoung Kim, Jaehun Heo, C. Kim","doi":"10.1109/PAST43306.2019.9020969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PAST43306.2019.9020969","url":null,"abstract":"A tile-type Digital Transmit/Receive Module (DTRM) is a compactly designed DTRM, which is a core part in active phased-array digital radar systems. Due to a compact design, special care must be taken to ensure its thermal stability. In order to investigate the heat dissipation characteristics, multiple tile-type DTRMs that have thermal contacts with cold plates were modeled with simplification, including primary heat sources and heat removal paths, and conjugate heat transfer analysis was performed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Most of the heat was removed by cold plates via heat conduction, resulting in a stable temperature range in lower layers of DTRMs. External air flow outside the DTRMs played a partial role in heat dissipation of the components located in upper layers of the DTRMs. Thermal effects that originate from the clustered distribution of heat sources were negligible in the lowest layer of DTRMs due to direct contacts with cold plates, but relatively significant in the upper layers. Securing a stable heat dissipation path of upper layers seems to be a crucial factor in designing tile-type DTRMs for their use in large antenna systems.","PeriodicalId":410526,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Phased Array System & Technology (PAST)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122346917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dual Polarized Ku-Band Phased Array on ROHACELL utilizing Silicon Beamforming Chipsets","authors":"J. Chieh, Everly Yeo, M. Kerber, R. Olsen","doi":"10.1109/PAST43306.2019.9020845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PAST43306.2019.9020845","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a Ku-Band (10 - 15 GHz) 64- element phased array utilizing commercially available silicon beamforming chipsets. The phased array is able to scan $pm 30^{circ}$ in both azimuth and elevation with less than 15 dB of cross-polarization. It supports linear vertical and horizontal polarizations as well as both transmit and receive modes utilizing half duplex operation. The array has a size of $4.2^{primeprime} mathrm{x} 5.5$” and consumes 12.8 W in receive and 16 W in transmit. This array is demonstrated utilizing ROHACELL foam as a spacer in order to improve bandwidth.","PeriodicalId":410526,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Phased Array System & Technology (PAST)","volume":"359 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122162604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cognitive Optimization of Multitasking Detection for 2D E-Scan Airborne Surveillance Radar","authors":"S. Kemkemian, Vincent Corretja, Sabrina Machhour","doi":"10.1109/PAST43306.2019.9021073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PAST43306.2019.9021073","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with detection optimization in the case of active electronically scanned array surveillance radar. The major advantage of electronically scan antennas compared to mechanical ones is the ability to interleave different processing. In coastal surveillance, this is a real advance because it is possible to detect maritime and ground target at the same time. A method based on cognition principle is presented here. The first step is to sense the environment and to extract characteristics which are not necessarily the same for sea and ground detection. Then, the proposed method aims to optimize the mode that would be the most suitable for performing a given task in each application ground and sea detection. The last step is to apply this optimization: it can be done by acting on a Software Defined Radar module.","PeriodicalId":410526,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Phased Array System & Technology (PAST)","volume":"187 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126791247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. W. Elsallal, E. Rosario, Kevin Dauphinais, M. H. Jones, J. R. Hood, Eric Renda, C. Franzini, J. Liston, Francisco Ramos, Paul Pelsinski, Jacklyn Hayes, S. Burkhart
{"title":"An Additively Manufactured, All-metallic Frequency-scaled Ultra-wide Spectrum Element (AM-FUSE) Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) for Space-borne Applications","authors":"M. W. Elsallal, E. Rosario, Kevin Dauphinais, M. H. Jones, J. R. Hood, Eric Renda, C. Franzini, J. Liston, Francisco Ramos, Paul Pelsinski, Jacklyn Hayes, S. Burkhart","doi":"10.1109/PAST43306.2019.9021093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PAST43306.2019.9021093","url":null,"abstract":"A new breed of the Frequency-scaled, Ultra-wide Spectrum Element (FUSE) is built entirely from a single piece of metal using direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) for space-borne missions. An active electronically scanned array (AESA) was built that includes an 8×4 linearly polarized aperture and low-profile feed circuitry that has eight true-time delay units (TDU) to fit inside a 3U CubeSat. This AESA operates over 1.5 GHz – 6 GHz, scanning +/- 45 degrees in azimuth with a very low active voltage standing wave ratio (active VSWR). The weight of the array with its combiner and beamforming boards is less than 3 lbs.","PeriodicalId":410526,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Phased Array System & Technology (PAST)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121273188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dual-Polarized 28-GHz Air-Filled SIW Phased Antenna Array for Next-Generation Cellular Systems","authors":"K. Y. Kapusuz, S. Lemey, H. Rogier","doi":"10.1109/PAST43306.2019.9020732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PAST43306.2019.9020732","url":null,"abstract":"A high-performance dual-polarized eight-element air-filled substrate-integrated-waveguide (AFSIW) cavity-backed patch antenna array is presented. The antenna operates in the [26.5-29.5] GHz band and provides a stable high data-rate wireless communication link between end-user terminals and access points in next-generation cellular systems. Its topology is carefully selected to maximize the performance of the array. In addition, by combining the AFSIW technology with a new antenna architecture, a low-profile, low-cost, stable, and high-performance array design is guaranteed. A prototype was fabricated and validated, demonstrating a wide active impedance bandwidth over $pm 35^{o}$ scanning range and low-cross polarization level within the entire frequency band.","PeriodicalId":410526,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Phased Array System & Technology (PAST)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125797908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Low-cost Irregular Subarrayed Wide-Angle Scanning Array Design for 5G and IoT Applications","authors":"Wei Dong, Zhen-hai Xu, Ying Xing, S. Xiao","doi":"10.1109/PAST43306.2019.9021048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PAST43306.2019.9021048","url":null,"abstract":"Subarray technique is an effective way to realize the low-cost design of phased array antennas. However, the limit field of view effect will be introduced while the degrees of scan was reduced. In this paper, a wide-angle scanning phased array design scheme based on low-cost irregular tiles is presented. The primary causes of the quantization lobes are analyzed and the minimum number of subarrays with the desired scanning angle coverage is given. As an example, a hybrid structure composed of two kinds of irregular tiles is proposed to cope with the limit scanning angle coverage problem. Numerical results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the method.","PeriodicalId":410526,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Phased Array System & Technology (PAST)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127957756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multifunctional AESA Technology Trends - A Radar System Aspects View","authors":"M. Brandfass, Markus Boeck, R. Bil","doi":"10.1109/PAST43306.2019.9021067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PAST43306.2019.9021067","url":null,"abstract":"Progressive trends in ultra-broadband active electronically scanned array (AESA) antennas for multifunctional RF sensor systems are discussed with their inherent system aspects to cope with. New scalable and modular AESA concepts to reduce size, weight, power and costs (SWAP-C), as well as the prospects of digital frontends with their technological challenges and operational benefits are presented. Furthermore special topics of state of the art AESA component technologies such as GaN-SiGe transmit-receive module (TRM) designs, novel developing trends from multi-chip to two-chip TRMs, as well as surface mounted device (SMD) capable system on chip (SoC) monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs) and digital SoC are addressed.","PeriodicalId":410526,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Phased Array System & Technology (PAST)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130175148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yaochen Wang, Thomas Phelps, Bhaskara Rupakula, S. Zihir, Gabriel M. Rebeiz
{"title":"64 GHz 5G-Based Phased-Arrays for UAV Detection and Automotive Traffic-Monitoring Radars","authors":"Yaochen Wang, Thomas Phelps, Bhaskara Rupakula, S. Zihir, Gabriel M. Rebeiz","doi":"10.1109/PAST43306.2019.9690698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PAST43306.2019.9690698","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a high resolution and medium-distance (100-250 m) frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar system based on 5G 64 GHz phased arrays. The system achieves more than 110 m detection range for a small UAV with SNR > 15 dB. The proposed system shows that next-generation base stations can provide more functionality than just communications, and one can use them for UAV tracking and range finding, and for automotive traffic monitoring.","PeriodicalId":410526,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Phased Array System & Technology (PAST)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134343433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}