Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"NITROGÊNIO E MATÉRIA ORGÂNICA EM DOIS RIOS COM DIFERENTES GRAUS DE IMPACTOS NO SISTEMA ESTUARINO DE SANTOS (SÃO PAULO, BRASIL).","authors":"B. Sutti, Roberto Pereira Borges, L. L. Guimarães, J. M. Schmiegelow","doi":"10.14210/BJAST.V20N1.6864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14210/BJAST.V20N1.6864","url":null,"abstract":"Este estudo visou avaliar sazonalmente e espacialmente as principais formas de nitrogenio inorgânico dissolvido (NID) e materia orgânica (MO) nas aguas superficiais dos dois maiores rios da Ilha de Santo Amaro, o Maratua e o Crumau. Estes apresentam caracteristicas fisicas similares, porem com diferentes niveis de interferencias antropogenicas. Foi definida uma estacao oceanografica na jusante de cada rio, e uma terceira a montante do Crumau. Neste local, os baixos valores de oxigenio dissolvido (OD) e pH em meio as elevadas concentracoes de N-amoniacal, estabeleceram elevada razao NID/MO, apontando assim o aterro sanitario como uma contribuicao mais significativa de nitrogenio a essas aguas do que os despejos de esgotos “in natura” (comunidade de palafitas), ambos existentes nos arredores da nascente deste rio. O acentuado declinio de NID nas aguas a jusante do Rio Crumau indicaram a volatizacao/desnitrificacao como o principal processo de remocao. Por outro lado, a maior distancia dos efluentes/despejos e o bom estado de preservacao do manguezal da regiao jusante do Rio Maratua refletiram nas maiores concentracoes de MO, onde a nitrificacao provavelmente esteve significativa devido aos mais elevados teores de OD e percentuais de nitrato. Este ion obteve um aumento de 50% no periodo chuvoso, com concentracoes maximas nas jusantes dos rios, onde as elevadas velocidades de correntes traz um alerta a eutrofizacoes tambem em aguas do canal de Bertioga.","PeriodicalId":410031,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology","volume":"149 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133753185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land use effects on nutrient concentrations in a small watershed in northeast Brazil","authors":"D. M. L. Silva, M. F. L. Souza, F. Silva, F. C. D. Paula, M. E. B. Moraes, G. M. Strenzel","doi":"10.14210/BJAST.V19N2.4393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14210/BJAST.V19N2.4393","url":null,"abstract":"Increases of N and P discharges from inland waters to coastal environments are the by-products of human activities such as agricultural practices. Therefore, the aim of this work is to evaluate the influence of land use change in nutrient concentrations in a small watershed in southern Bahia, Brazil. The study sites were characterized by secondary forest (P1), sand mining (P2), cocoa cultivation (P3), pasture (P4) and mangrove (P5). Dissolved forms of both nitrogen and phosphorus were higher than particulate forms in all sites. The DON concentration was higher than the DIN and the concentration of DON made up 60-73% of the total TDN. Seasonally, high variations between dry and rainy season were not observed in nutrient concentrations in Cururupe River Basin, with the exception of DON, which was higher in the rainy season. DIN, DON and PON export varies over the hydrological year indicating that fluxes were correlated with runoff. Even though the primary vegetation of The Cururupe River Basin was converted to different croplands, mainly cocoa production, the water quality presented low alterations in N and P export from upstream to downstream.","PeriodicalId":410031,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125518871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolving scenarios of organic matter concentration in alto Tietê basin by mathematical modeling","authors":"Camila Pereira Montovani, E. Poletti","doi":"10.14210/BJAST.V19N2.7441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14210/BJAST.V19N2.7441","url":null,"abstract":"The water bodies has been suffering with the pollution caused by the disposal of domestic and industrial sewage. The problem is relate, mainly, to the organic matter and scenarios without appropriate treatments become a major problem for the health of society and the environment. Thereby, the present study evaluated the evolutionary framework of the concentration of organic matter in the Tiete river, via mathematical modeling, through values of biochemical oxygen demand. The Tiete river is located in the sub-basin of the Alto Tiete in UGRHI 6, characterized as one of the most polluted rivers in the world and receives large inputs of pollutants by the large number of industries and inhabitants of the region. The model used is based on a system of difference equations and presents, through computer simulations, results that promote relevant discussions in terms of river pollution and indicate that existing discharges, linked to the lack of treatment, act as precursor agent of the quality of the watershed classification and the high levels of pollution in several parts.","PeriodicalId":410031,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117175813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hidrogeoquímica das águas subterrâneas no município de Lençóis, Bahia, Brasil","authors":"J. Mattos, M. Cruz, Francisco Carlos Fernandes de Paula","doi":"10.14210/BJAST.V19N2.7513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14210/BJAST.V19N2.7513","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to point out the hydrogeochemistry groundwater in the municipality of Lencois, State of Bahia, to classify them according to the content and types of dissolved salts. To this, twenty sampling points were listed in the groundwater in aquifers formed by metasediments, detritical covers and limestones, with the purpose of analyze the following parameters: electrical conductivity, temperature, pH, turbidity, total dissolved solids, HCO 3 , PO 4 , SO 4 , Cl - , NO 3 , Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Fe 3+ , Mn 4+ , Sr 2+ and Ba 2+ . The results showed that the groundwater in the municipality of Lencois are distributed into two zones with different hydrogeochemistry, one of the largest controlled by geological clastic metasedimentary rocks typologies (sandstones, quartzites, conglomeratics, detritical covers) where the process of water-rock interaction allows occur little quantity salt water, slightly acidic, sweet, soft and predominantly sulfated sodic. The other zone is controlled by chemical metasedimentary rocks (limestones) as well as bicarbonates, where they occur hard water, slightly alkaline, sweets and sulfated calcic and mixed. The levels of metals and elements nitrate, phosphate and sulfate presented themselves generally at low concentrations, with some deviations detected in points of the urban area.","PeriodicalId":410031,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128195572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental use of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) wetland for treating flowing waters in an urban park in Brazil","authors":"L. Mascarenhas, A. V. M. Junior","doi":"10.14210/BJAST.V20N2.7259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14210/BJAST.V20N2.7259","url":null,"abstract":"This study tested water treatment wetlands in an urban park located in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) was introduced into two creeks inside the park, to assess the efficacy of wetlands in treating flowing waters. The plant adaptation to local conditions was very good. Higher removals were obtained in Total Suspended Solids, Turbidity and Color (maximum removal > 70%); TKN, Total Phosphorus and Fecal Coliforms had satisfactory removals (maximum removal > 50%). BOD presented low removals and Dissolved Oxygen was consumed, indicating that aerobic processes occurred. Despite the experiment’s difficulties and results’ variance, the study shows that water hyacinth has potential to treat flowing water, especially when there’s an urgent need for meeting sanitary and aesthetical standards in urban parks.","PeriodicalId":410031,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131316246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A PESCA DE LULAS (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) NA ILHA DO ARVOREDO (SC): CARACTERÍSTICAS E RELAÇÕES ECOLÓGICAS, VERÃO DE 1996","authors":"J. A. Pérez, C. Schettini, J. R. Buratt, M. J. Machado","doi":"10.14210/BJAST.V1N1.2611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14210/BJAST.V1N1.2611","url":null,"abstract":"During the austral summer, important concentrations of the long-finned squid, Loligo piei, occur on the continental shelf off Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil. These populations have sustained offshore annual catches ranging from 144 to 763 metric tonnes, and have originated an inshore artisan fishery around the coastal islands. This report describes this fishery around the Arvoredo Island (48°22'W; 27°17'S) and analizes: (a) the dynamics of catches in relation to environmental fluctuations and (b) the population structure of catched squid. Information on boat features, fishing techniques, fishing areas, catch and effort were obtained between January and March 1996, from interviews with fishermen during landings at the locality of Governador Celso Ramos. Squid samples were obtained from commercial catches and from five sampling trips conducted in the main fishing area off Arvoredo Island during the same period. During each trip surface and subsurface currents speed and direction as well as the thermal structure of the water column were continuously monitored. The inshore fishery is conducted by 9 to 11 m long boats known as \"botes\" or \"bateiras\", powered by 9 to 24 HP engines. Squid is captured by hand lines and a type of jig called \"zangarilhos\" which are operated by 2 to 4 men on each boat. Fishing takes place mainly on 10 to 20 m deep grounds located in the southeastern shore of the island in an area known as \"Saco do Capim\", where boats anchor for 33h (±12,4 SD) on average per trip. Catches occur either during the day (bottom fishing) or at night when the boat lights are used to attract squids to the surface. Mean catch and mean catch per unit of effort were 49,6 Kg per trip (±56,4 SD, n =35) and 0,56 Kg.maril .hour-1 (±Q,71 SD) respectively. Commercial catches showed marked temporal peaks as a response to fluctuations on the squid occurrence in the area. Squid were catched: (a) in either homogenized or stratified water column; (b) at temperatures ranging from 18 to 26° C; and (c ) when subsurface water layers were flowing SW off the island shore. Most males and females caught were in advanced sexual maturity stages.","PeriodicalId":410031,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology","volume":"189 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132198651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AVALIAÇÃO PRELIMINAR DA TAXA DE SEDIMENTAÇÃO NA REGIÃO DE CULTIVO DE MOLUSCOS (Perna perna) NA ENSEADA DA ARMAÇAO - SC.","authors":"C. A. Schettini, C. Resgalla, K. N. Kuroshima","doi":"10.14210/BJAST.V1N1.2604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14210/BJAST.V1N1.2604","url":null,"abstract":"The mussel culture along the Santa Catarina State has increased during the last few years, and nowadays represents an important activity in complement to fishing. Although this occupation represents a new income source for the fishermen communities, it brings together several environ¬mental problems. The increase of the potential sedimentation rate is one of these problems.The Armacao de Itapocoroy Bight is sheltered from the frontal attack of waves from the south, and tidal currents are usually lower than 0.3 m.s-1.During a 51 hours period from August 30 to September 1, 1995, a sediment trap system was deployed under a mussel culture long line, in a region 4 m deep on average. The system was placed 1 m over the bottom, and consisted of a floatation frame with four PVC tubes (the traps). The traps have the relation length/diameter about 5, and its deployment and retrieve were made with the help of scuba divers. We added in two traps 100 ml of a 50 %. NaCI solution, and in the other traps it was added the same solution plus 5% formaldehyde. The material trapped was filtered throughout fiber glass filters (pore = 0.45 pm), and had the salt washed out. From the material retained on the filters, we analyzed (1) the total mass, (2) zooplanktonic organisms, (3) organic carbon using standard methods titration, and (4) total organic matter by combustion. The potential sedimentation rate was estimated by the relation retained mass / (deployment time . mouth trap area). The results showed a mean sedinnentation rate of 118 ± 65 g.m-2.dia1 (dry weight). The trapped material consisted of 17 % of total organic matter, being 24 % of organic carbon, which represented 4 % of the total mass. In the traps with formaldehyde solution it was found a greater abundance of zooplankters. The estimated potential sedimentation rate for the Armacao do Itapocoroy Bight,118 ± 65 g.rn-2.dia-1, was greater than the values found for other mussel cultures around the world, but must be considered as an initial approach only.","PeriodicalId":410031,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124517988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fontes e e Distribuição da Matéria Orgânica Sedimentar na Porção Noroeste da Baía de Vitória, ES.","authors":"Bethânia Dal Col Lehrback, Renato Rodrigues Neto, G. Barroso, Marcelo Bernardes","doi":"10.14210/BJAST.V20N1.4793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14210/BJAST.V20N1.4793","url":null,"abstract":"A porcao noroeste da Baia de Vitoria, Grande Vitoria (ES), Brasil, foi avaliada atraves da caracterizacao das fontes e distribuicao da materia orgânica sedimentar, alem da qualidade deste material para o ambiente, atraves da utilizacao de marcadores moleculares. A regiao adjacente a este ambiente e caracterizada pela presenca de areas urbanizadas (municipios de Vitoria, Vila Velha, Serra e Cariacica), alem de areas de manguezal preservado, das especies Rhizophora mangle (predominante), Laguncularia racemosa e Avicennia germinans . Amostras de sedimentos superficiais foram coletadas e analisadas atraves Cromatografo Gasoso acoplado a Esctrometro de massa. Foram identificados compostos lipidicos das classes: n -alcanos, acidos graxos, esterois e triterpenoides. Em geral, a Baia apresentou predominância das fontes terrestres em relacao as outras fontes (aquaticas e antropicas), principalmente na porcao mais ao norte da Baia em proximidade com o manguezal, fato que pode ser evidenciado pela presenca de compostos como, os esterois β-sitosterol (mais abundante; 7,8µg/g), estigmasterol e campesterol, e os triterpenoides como a β-amirina, composto com maior concentracao (87,2µg/g), alem do lupeol, germanicol, taraxerol e α-amirina, que tambem foram observados em elevada abundância em relacao ao total extraido. Alem destes compostos, a distribuicao de acidos graxos e n -alcanos, dos indices RTA e IPC (para ambos compostos), e da razao C/N tambem caracterizaram tal aporte. Apesar de a Baia de Vitoria ser marcada por intensas atividades antropicas, como esgotamento sanitario e atividades portuarias, os niveis de poluicao apresentaram-se intermediarios, com niveis de coprostanol entre 0,2µg/g e 5,2µg/g, e indice 5β/(5α+5β)estanol em torno de 0,6, porem, indicando a presenca de poluicao fecal. Tambem foram observados alguns marcadores de petroleo, como hopanoides com configuracao 17α(H),21β(H), evidenciando o impacto das atividades portuarias. Estes marcadores antropicos foram observados mais ao sul da Baia, onde a atividade urbana e mais intensa. O colesterol foi o esterol dominante (4,7µg/g) dentre os marcadores de fontes aquaticas. Este composto e muito abundante no zooplâncton, organismos bem distribuidos na area de estudo. O AG 16:0 (acido palmitico) apresentou-se em abundância no sistema, sendo sua maxima concentracao 44,4µg/g em uma regiao proxima a margem e desague de esgotos, ou seja, rica em nutrientes, caracterizando tambem aporte tipicamente planctonico.","PeriodicalId":410031,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128643504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional profile of toasted canavalia ensiformis seed and its potetial as partially replacement for soybean in the diet of clarias gariepinus","authors":"L. Tiamiyu, V. T. Okomoda, P. O. Akpa","doi":"10.14210/BJAST.V20N2.8575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14210/BJAST.V20N2.8575","url":null,"abstract":"The nutritional value of Jack bean ( Canavalia ensiformis ) in animal feeds have been limited by the presence of antinutritional factors. This study investigates the efficacy of toasting as a processing method in improving the nutritional value and the utilization of C. ensiformis seeds in the diet of Clarias gariepinus . Result obtained reveals that the proximate composition of toasted C. ensiformis seed was not significant affected when compared to the raw seed. However, many essential amino acids were significantly reduced by toasting. Of all phytonutrient isolated in the seed, lectin and canavaline were not markedly reduced with toasting. Fingerlings of C. gariepinus fed diets (35%CP) formulate by substituting soybeans (inclusion at 38.19%) with C. ensiformis at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% revealed significant reduction in growth as the substitution levels increased. It was concluded that toasting alone is not an effective method for improving utilization of C. ensiformis in the diet of African catfish. Research on other processing methods or are recommended","PeriodicalId":410031,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114077762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of rainfall on physical, cheminal and biological parameters in washouts on the coast of Paraná state, Brazil","authors":"H. Kolm, A. Siqueira, E. Machado","doi":"10.14210/BJAST.V20N2.7843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14210/BJAST.V20N2.7843","url":null,"abstract":"Reduction in precipitation, and consequently fresh water, can affect the food loop and the time necessary for an increase in nutrients and contaminants in coastal and estuarine ecosystems. The combined effect of human development and reduction in river flow can degrade water quality, negatively affecting the fishery and human health. The objective of the present research was the study of the water quality (temperature, salinity, alkalinity, carbon dioxide, dissolved oxygen, phosphate, silicate, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, humic substances, suspended particulate material, particulate organic matter, chlorophyll- a , total coliforms and Escherichia coli ), of two washouts (Barranco and Olho d’Agua) located in the municipality of Pontal do Parana (Pontal do Parana, Brazil), comparing them in periods of lower and higher rainfall. The results showed that during the rainy period, there was an increase in nitrite, suspended particulate material, particulate organic matter, and a decrease in nitrate and chlorophyll- a in the two washouts. An increase in phosphate, ammonium and humic substances were only observed in Barranco; whereas an increase in dissolved oxygen and E. coli were only observed in Olho d’Agua. These results showed that larger quantities of nutrients are exported to the adjacent continental shelf in high rainfall periods.","PeriodicalId":410031,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology","volume":"208 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115486136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}