Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Heart Rate Variability Changes in the Integrated Yoga Program: Results and Implications","authors":"Gilija Bernotiene, S. Razon, A. Daunoravičienė, A. Vainoras, A. Slapšinskaitė","doi":"10.33607/bjshs.v4i115.817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33607/bjshs.v4i115.817","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Different methods are used to study cardiovascular parameters. Of these, heart rate variability (HRV) is a relevant marker for both athletes and physically active people. With regards to physical activity, yoga has become a popular form of activity in the recent years. In fact, research has indicated that yoga is a useful modality for both the management and prevention of several cardiovascular conditions. The purpose of the current study was to observe HRV dynamics in young women during a 6-month yoga intervention. Methods. We recruited 13 women from multiple yoga studios. All participants were practicing Hatha yoga 2 times a week for 6 months. Data were collected: a) at baseline, b) 2 months after the yoga intervention, c) 4 months after the intervention and d) 6 months after the intervention. We used wireless Bluetooth electrocardiogram (ECG) recording device. ECG HVR parameters and heart rate (HR) were used for data analysis. Results . HR dynamics showed no differences during the 6-month yoga intervention. Meanwhile, vLF parameter after relaxation and LF/HF ratio after body scan meditation significantly changed after yoga intervention. No changes were observed in LF or HF parameter dynamics. Conclusion. Our results suggest that 6 months twice per week yoga practice influences vLF and LF/HF ratio, especially during relaxation and body scan meditation. We also suggest that healthy women could benefit from practicing body scan meditation. In conclusion, through modification of emotion reactivity, regular practice of yoga can help improve stress response and offset negative consequences associated with the stress process. Keywords: yoga, heart rate variability, women’s health, ECG, stress.","PeriodicalId":409740,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115474133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Affecting Stadium Attendance of Professional Football Club Supporters","authors":"Aydogan Soyguden, Robert C. Schneider, Yaşar Barut, O. İmamoğlu","doi":"10.33607/bjshs.v3i114.806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33607/bjshs.v3i114.806","url":null,"abstract":"Background.  The aim of this study was to investigate factors affecting the stadium attendance of the supporters of professional football clubs that have stadiums meeting the UEFA criteria.Methods. The study population included the supporters of Galatasaray Sport Club, Fenerbahce Sport Club and Kayserispor football clubs participating in the Spor Toto Super League-Turkey in the 2013–2014 seasons and having stadiums that meet the UEFA criteria. The sample consists of randomly selected (n = 1237) supporters. Additionally, demographic data of the supporters, reasons affecting the Stadium Attendance and Non-Attendance Reason Scale (SANARS) which consists of 30 questions were used to collect the data. Statistical analysis of the data was done using the SPSS 16.0 packet program and descriptive statistics, independent t-test and one-way ANOVA test were performed.Results. Generally, factors affecting the stadium attendance of the supporters were as follows: opportunity for recreational activities, stadium atmosphere, and personal relaxation. On the other hand, the factors generally affecting the supporters’ nonattendance were as follows: negative ergonomic environment and unethical situations. Conclusion. Among the factors affecting the supporters’ attendance in the stadiums, the component of “Opportunity for Recreational Activities” was found to be the most influential factor. This revealed the necessity of increasing the number of high quality organizations related to recreational activities in the stadiums. In this study, the factor of “Negative Ergonomic Environment” was found to be the most influential factor influencing stadium attendance. In conclusion, negative ergonomic environmental conditions need to be improved to increase stadium attendance. Keywords: fans (supporters), Football, Stadium Attendance and Non-Attendance, UEFA stadium criteria. ","PeriodicalId":409740,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124304268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qualitative investigation of athletes’ perceptions of cheating in sport","authors":"Saulius Sukys, Diana Karanauskiene, Jolita Šmigelskaitė","doi":"10.33607/bjshs.v3i114.808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33607/bjshs.v3i114.808","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The aim of the present study was to give voice to elite athletes exploring their perceptions of cheating in sport.Methods. Utilizing a purposeful sampling technique, 11 athletes were interviewed – one woman and 10 men from football (F, n = 6), rugby league (R, n = 2), and three from athletics (A). Athletes’ perceptions related to cheating in sport were explored by individual semi-structured interviews. Interpretive thematic data analysis was conducted in several stages, beginning with the exploration of the recorded materials. Credibility of the results was established by member checking. For data transferability and repeatability, we described the process of data collection, processing and analysis in detail.Results. Analysis of interview data allows to distinguish the following broad themes: the perceived forms of cheating in sport, causes of cheating, initiators of cheating, and ath-letes’ views on the evaluation of cheating, and as a separate theme – athletes’ insights on cheating in children’s sport.Conclusions. The findings offer insights of adult athletes on cheating in sport. Athletes are aware of the prevalence of cheating in all sports, emphasizing that it is an illegal phenomenon and associate it with the potential financial benefits, corruption, match fixing, and the use of doing. The study highlights financial insecurity of athletes as a reason for cheating. When evaluating cheating, athletes are not categorical or tend to cheat themselves, but they would justify it more if it helped a team. As to cheating in children’s sport, adult athletes noted the role of a coach and especially the parents in cheating in order to gain an advantage for their child. Also, the focus on the protective factor of children against cheating was emphasized. Keywords: cheating, athletes’ perceptions, adult sport, children sport.","PeriodicalId":409740,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123523883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are There Differences in Life-Satisfaction, Optimism, Pessimism and Perceived Stress between Therapeutic and Mastery Exercisers? A Preliminary Investigation","authors":"A. Szabó, Szilvia Boros, J. Bősze","doi":"10.33607/bjshs.v3i114.807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33607/bjshs.v3i114.807","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Most incentives for exercise can be grouped into health-related ‘therapeutic’ and challenge or enjoyment-related ‘mastery’ categories. If these incentives are not independent of personal needs and expectations, their associated psychological profiles may vary.Methods. Based on the broaden-and-build theory, we examined the hypothesis that mastery exercise is associated with more favourable psychological profile, as reflected in greater life-satisfaction, optimism, pessimism, and perceived stress, than therapeutic exercise or no-exercise (the control group).Results. The results indicated that people who exercised for a mastery purpose (n = 57) reported greater optimism, lower pessimism and lower perceived stress than non-exercisers (n = 57) but they only scored higher in optimism in contrast to the therapeutic exercisers (n = 129) who did not differ from the controls in any of the measures. A composite score of a psychological profile, obtained by subtracting the sum of negative ratings from the sum of positive ratings, revealed that mastery exercisers exhibited higher scores than non-exercisers who did not differ from therapeutic exercisers.Conclusion. These preliminary findings suggest that two very general motives for exercise might be associated with different psychological profiles, which deserves future research attention in the better understanding of the psychological effects of exercise. Keywords: life-satisfaction, optimism, non-exerciser, perceived stress, pessimism.","PeriodicalId":409740,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128236228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatigue Related Changes in Electromyographic Coherence between Homologous Vastus Lateralis Muscles","authors":"Andrius Satas, Giedrė Jurgelaitienė, A. Skurvydas","doi":"10.33607/bjshs.v3i114.809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33607/bjshs.v3i114.809","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The aim of this study was to examine changes in the coherence between EMG signals of homologous quadriceps (vastus lateralis, VL) muscles during in the beginning and the end of multiple sustained isometric bilateral contraction at maximal effort. Methods. Twelve young healthy males participated in the study. The increase in coherence between EMG signals of homologous VL muscles in alpha band, beta band and gamma band was observed during the performance of sustained maximal bilateral isometric contraction with simultaneous decreases in bilateral force, CAR. EMG frequency and EMG amplitude.Results. The increase in beta band coherence during sustained maximal isometric contraction was negatively correlated with the decrease in bilateral force, CAR, EMG amplitude and EMG frequency indicating the possible role of beta coherence to improve VL muscle activation efficiency during maximal bilateral isometric contraction and overcome the effects of VL muscle fatigue in young healthy males. Keywords: muscle fatigue, EMG coherence, bilateral contraction, common drive.","PeriodicalId":409740,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences","volume":"14 28","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133204056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Links between Adolescents’ Health Literacy and their Physical Activity and Body Mass Index","authors":"Renata Rutkauskaitė, Konsta Kuusinen","doi":"10.33607/bjshs.v3i114.805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33607/bjshs.v3i114.805","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The aim of the study was to identify links between health literacy, health information literacy and physical activity as well as body mass index in adolescents.Methods. The study was carried out from September till the end of November, 2018. Research participants were 167 14–18-year-old students from Kaunas, Klaipeda and Vilnius (n = 107 females, n = 60 males). Participants were asked to fill in an anonymous online questionnaire, which consisted of basic demographics, physical activity, health information literacy and health literacy. Adolescents’ body mass index was calculated using ISO-BMI calculations. Physical activity was assessed by Petronytė’s physical activity questionnaire. To determine adolescents’ everyday health information literacy, we used self-assessed 10-item screening tool (EHIL-10) and to determine health literacy, we used Newest Vital Sign (NVS) screening test. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0 program for Windows.Results. Health literacy did not have association with body mass index or the level of physical activity. Health literacy scores gave important data of the level of health literacy. The scores indicated that 21.6% of Lithuanian adolescents had adequate level of health literacy. It was found that age correlated positively with health literacy. Self-assessed everyday health information literacy was higher since 85% of the students had medium high or high level of health information literacy. The data revealed that adolescents were not sure where they could find health related information and who they could trust in health-related issues. For males, finding health information and knowing who they could trust in health issues was easier than for females. Health information literacy did not have association with ISO-BMI. Sufficient evaluation of health-related information was higher among normally weighted adolescents. Physically active students had higher health information literacy and participation in sports club activities had positive relation with better health information literacy. Additionally, involvement in organized activities associated with superior understanding of terms and sentences of health information. Evaluation of health information was higher among those who were actively involved in organized physical activities.Conclusions. Health information literacy did not have association with ISO-BMI. Those, who were involved in sports club activities or were more actively involved in organized physical activities had better health information literacy and evaluation of health information. Nevertheless, there was no connection between health literacy and physical activity. Keywords: health literacy, health information literacy, physical activity, body mass index.","PeriodicalId":409740,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences","volume":"32 18","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132242856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peculiarities of Changes of Young Swimmers’ Anthropometric Profile in the Time of Intensive Training and Its Correlation with Sports Results","authors":"I. Zuoziene, Asta Drevinskaitė","doi":"10.33607/BJSHS.V2I113.789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33607/BJSHS.V2I113.789","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Knowledge of the peculiarities of anthropometric indicators, body weight components, and somatotype of athletes is important for coaches, sports scientists, and sports physicians at all stages of perennial training, starting with children’s sport. Often this is seen as an important indicator for identifying talented children in sport. The aim of this study was to determine how the anthropometric and body weight profile of young swimmers (11–12 years) significantly changes during the training period, and the correlation of these indicators with the competition results in the chosen event.Methods. The study included 24 young (aged 11.7 ± 0.5 years) national level swimmers – girls (n = 14) and boys (n = 10) with 3 to 4 years of sports experience in the national competitions and demonstrating high results in their age group. We investigated longitudinal anthropometric measurements, body mass components, established the somatotype and handgrip strength. The change of indicators was analysed during the training period of five months as well as its correlation with the result in the chosen sport. Sports results were rated by FINA ranking points.Results. The anthropometric longitudinal and transverse dimensions of girls and boys increased during the study period, however, there was no difference between the sex groups except for the length of the foot (it was higher in the group of boys, p < .05). The analysis of body weight components showed that girls had higher body fat mass and a percentage of body fat than boys (p < .05). The results of boys’ swimming had statistically significant links with their height (r = .857), foot length (r = .805), body weight (r = .857), lean mass and muscle mass (r = .927) and right handgrip strength (.786). There was no significant correlation between these indicators in the group of girls.Conclusion. The results of the study suggest that the characteristics of the anthropometric profile as a prognostic indicator for the viability in the chosen sport for boys were more significant than for girls.","PeriodicalId":409740,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115805654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Differences Related to Lifestyle Behaviour of University Students","authors":"D. Vizbaraitė, Julija Kleivaitė, Vaidas Mickevičius","doi":"10.33607/BJSHS.V2I113.786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33607/BJSHS.V2I113.786","url":null,"abstract":"Background. A healthy lifestyle is the one of the most relevant subjects in a modern society comprising three factors – healthy diet, sufficient physical activity, and absence of harmful habits (Strukčinskienė et al., 2014). It has been pointed out that healthy lifestyle behavioural patterns contribute to the prevention of diabetes mellitus type II, cardiovascular, and oncological diseases (Javtokas et al., 2014).Studies performed in different countries have discovered that students’ dietary habits do not correspond to the recommendations of the World Health Organization on healthy diet (Akhtar Zareen, & Sarmad, 2018; Česnavičienė, Proškuvienė, & Motiejūnaitė, 2015). In their study, Sigmundova, Chmelik, Sigmund, Feltlova, & Frömel (2013) found that the lowest level of physical activity was reached by only two thirds of students.  The prevalence of harmful habits was also very high: more than half of students used tobacco during the last 12 months, and about 92% of students used alcohol over the last year (Dobrovolskij & Stukas, 2014).Literature review revealed that recently a number of studies analysing students’ lifestyle patterns were performed, however, there is still a lack of studies on lifestyle behaviour among the Lithuanian Sports University students.Methods. Questionnaires and statistical analysis.Results. The results showed that meat consumption was indicated by twice more males than females (p < .05). More males consumed ice cream, while yoghurt was preferred more frequently by females (p < .05). Fried potatoes were used more frequently by males (p < .05). With the respect to sedentary lifestyle, high intensity activity and moderate intensity activity, there were no differences between males and females, however, more females than males walked (p < .05). Beer consumption was more prevalent between males while wine consumption was more common between females (p < .05).","PeriodicalId":409740,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127801602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Health Literacy, Physical Activity, Motivation and Barriers of People Aged 30–50 Years","authors":"Viktorija Valatkaitytė, V. Cesnaitiene","doi":"10.33607/BJSHS.V2I113.787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33607/BJSHS.V2I113.787","url":null,"abstract":"Background. An international study of health literacy among European citizens has shown that 47% of Europeans lack health literacy (Sørensen et al., 2015). Participation in physical activity is associated with health literacy. According to Matsushita, Harada, and Arao (2018), people with a lack of health literacy are less engaged in physical activity.The aim of this study was to evaluate health literacy, physical activity, motivation of people aged 30 to 50 years and barriers to be physically active, so that in the future more effective measures for improving health literacy and promotion of physical activity could be developed.Methods. To collect data, questionnaire survey was applied.Results. Health literacy statistically significantly differed between age and physical activity groups (p < .05). However, there was no statistically significant difference as far as education is concerned (p > .05). There was also a statistically significant (p < .05) relationship between health literacy and physical activity as well as health literacy and motives, namely, enjoyment, competence, appearance, and fitness. The reverse relationship was found between health literacy and internal-external barriers.Conclusions. Forty- fifty-year-olds and physically active individuals had a higher level of health literacy. There was no statistically significant difference in education. A statistically significant relationship between health literacy and physical activity among people aged 30–50 years was identified.","PeriodicalId":409740,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127391770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in The Functional Parameters of Balance and Lower Extremities of Adolescent Short and Long-Distance Runners After Exercises on Unstable Surfaces","authors":"Miglė Bielskytė, Toma Petkutė, Renata Žumbakytė-Šermukšnienė","doi":"10.33607/BJSHS.V2I113.785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33607/BJSHS.V2I113.785","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Results from the previous studies indicated benefits of training on unstable surfaces in various populations. Drawing upon them we hypothesized that training on unstable surfaces would help runners improve balance and lower extremity functional indicators.Methods. The study included 20 adolescent athletes from Kaunas sports school “Startas”, aged 12–13 years, boys and girls running short and long distances. Their training consisted of 20 minute exercises on unstable surfaces performed two times a week. Participants were tested before and after applying the program. The tests applied were Y balance test, calf muscle strength testing with a Lafayette dynamometer, Single-legged Hop tests, T-test.Results. Groups of short- and long- distance runners had better (p < .05) calf muscle strength of both legs after exercises on unstable surfaces program. Both groups also improved 6 m HOP test results of both lower extremities (p < .05). Some of the dynamic balance indicators statistically significantly improved after exercises on unstable surfaces in the groups of short- and long- distance adolescent runners. T-test results after exercises on unstable surface program improved (p < .05) in long- distance runner group (from 14.03 (12.44; 14.95; 13.85) s to 13.94 (12.36; 14.52; 13.65) s) and there were differences between short- and long- distance runner groups before and after exercises on unstable surfaces (p < .05).Conclusion. This research showed that training on unstable surfaces helps runners to improve balance and lower extremity functional indicators and we recommend to include exercises on unstable surfaces to their training.","PeriodicalId":409740,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121748229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}