{"title":"Face validation using 3D information from single calibrated camera","authors":"N. Katsarakis, Aristodemos Pnevmatikakis","doi":"10.1109/ICDSP.2009.5201140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDSP.2009.5201140","url":null,"abstract":"Detection of faces in cluttered scenes under arbitrary imaging conditions (pose, expression, illumination and distance) is prone to miss and false positive errors. The well-established approach of using boosted cascades of simple classifiers addresses the problem of missing faces by using fewer stages in the cascade. This constrains the misses by making detection easier, but increases the false positives. False positives can be reduced by validating the detected image regions as faces. This has been accomplished using color and pattern information of the detected image regions. In this paper we propose a novel face validation method based on 3D position estimates from a single calibrated camera. This is done by assuming a typical face width; hence the widths of the detected image regions lead to target position estimates. Detected image regions with extreme position estimates can then be discarded. We apply our method on the rich dataset of the CLEAR2007 evaluation campaign, comprising 49 thousand annotated indoors images, recorded at five different sites, from four different cameras per site, depicting approximately 122 thousand faces. Our method yields very accurate 3D position estimates, leading to superior results compared to color- and pattern-based face validation methods.","PeriodicalId":409669,"journal":{"name":"2009 16th International Conference on Digital Signal Processing","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121930500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Storage-efficient quasi-Newton algorithms for image super-resolution","authors":"Diego A. Sorrentino, A. Antoniou","doi":"10.1109/ICDSP.2009.5201145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDSP.2009.5201145","url":null,"abstract":"Multiframe image super-resolution algorithms can be used to obtain a higher-resolution higher-quality image from a set of low-resolution, blurred, and noisy images. Very often, these algorithms rely on an optimization-based inversion of the image acquisitionmodel. Recently, two algorithms for grayscale and hybrid demosaicing and color super-resolution have been proposed by Farsiu et al. These algorithms are of practical interest because they are fast and also they can overcome mismatches in the assumed acquisition model. However, they rely on the use of steepest-descent minimization which is inefficient in highly nonlinear and ill-conditioned problems like super-resolution. In this paper, we use two storage-efficient quasi-Newton algorithms, the memoryless and the limited-memory BFGS algorithms, to improve the performance of the super-resolution approaches proposed by Farsiu et al.","PeriodicalId":409669,"journal":{"name":"2009 16th International Conference on Digital Signal Processing","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122270707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A binaural room impulse response database for the evaluation of dereverberation algorithms","authors":"Marco Jeub, Magnus Schaefer, P. Vary","doi":"10.1109/ICDSP.2009.5201259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDSP.2009.5201259","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a new database of binaural room impulse responses (BRIR), referred to as the Aachen Impulse Response (AIR) database. The main field of application of this database is the evaluation of speech enhancement algorithms dealing with room reverberation. The measurements with a dummy head took place in a low-reverberant studio booth, an office room, a meeting room and a lecture room. Due to the different dimensions and acoustic properties, it covers a wide range of situations where digital hearing aids or other hands-free devices can be used. Besides the description of the database, a motivation for using binaural instead of monaural measurements is given. Furthermore an example using a coherence-based dereverberation technique is provided to show the advantage of this database for algorithm evaluation. The AIR database is being made available online.","PeriodicalId":409669,"journal":{"name":"2009 16th International Conference on Digital Signal Processing","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124080400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Drift-Compensated Adaptive Filtering to improve speech intelligibility in presence of asynchronous interference","authors":"H. Ding, D. Havelock","doi":"10.1109/ICDSP.2009.5201228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDSP.2009.5201228","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional adaptive interference cancellation schemes can hardly improve speech intelligibility in the presence of interference whose source cannot be obtained synchronously with the corrupted target speech, because there are inevitable timing drifts between the two inputs to the system. To address this problem, we propose a novel Drift-Compensated Adaptive Filtering (DCAF) scheme in this paper. It extends the conventional schemes by adopting a timing drift tracking and compensation mechanism which, together with an advanced adaptation algorithm, makes it possible to reduce the interference even if the magnitude of the timing drift rate is as big as one or two percent. This range is large enough to cover timing accuracy variations of most audio recording and playing devices nowadays.","PeriodicalId":409669,"journal":{"name":"2009 16th International Conference on Digital Signal Processing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129165808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Foad Ghaderi, S. Sanei, B. Makkiabadi, V. Abolghasemi, J. McWhirter
{"title":"Heart and lung sound separation using periodic source extraction method","authors":"Foad Ghaderi, S. Sanei, B. Makkiabadi, V. Abolghasemi, J. McWhirter","doi":"10.1109/ICDSP.2009.5201177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDSP.2009.5201177","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a novel algorithm for blind source extraction of quasi-periodic signals is developed. It is assumed that the cycle frequencies of the sources are known a priori. Necessary and sufficient conditions are introduced and Jacobi method for diagonalization of complex matrices is used to find the solution. A warping method is also introduced to adjust the cycle frequencies in the signals with time varying periods. The proposed algorithm is applied to simulated data and mixtures of heart and lung sounds, and effectiveness and performance of the algorithm are verified.","PeriodicalId":409669,"journal":{"name":"2009 16th International Conference on Digital Signal Processing","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127676643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficient wavelet based detection of moving objects","authors":"Borislav Antic, V. Crnojevic, D. Culibrk","doi":"10.1109/ICDSP.2009.5201093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDSP.2009.5201093","url":null,"abstract":"Moving object detection in video sequences presents an important problem in computer vision. If a video sequence is generated by a stationary video camera, one usually attempts to build a statistical model of the background and an appropriate statistical test to classify pixels into foreground or background. This approach is efficient for many laboratory test sequences, but may render itself inadequate in real-life surveillance systems with many additional scene-, illumination- and camera-related phenomena. In this case better results can be obtained with frame differencing scheme, that is unfortunately prone to aperture problem and leads to inconsistent detections. In this paper, we propose a multiresolution frame differencing technique. Each frame is first decomposed into undecimated wavelet transform coefficients and after that, differencing scheme is applied on wavelet coefficients in several bands separately. These band-dependent motion detections alleviate the aperture problem and when fused, they produce more consistent moving object detection. The obtained detection results greatly facilitate later processing steps, like object tracking and recognition.","PeriodicalId":409669,"journal":{"name":"2009 16th International Conference on Digital Signal Processing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129724596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Tietäväinen, P. Aaltonen, A. Meriläinen, Anders Korsbäck, E. Hæggström
{"title":"Transient analysis to enhance Wii Fit sleepiness tester","authors":"A. Tietäväinen, P. Aaltonen, A. Meriläinen, Anders Korsbäck, E. Hæggström","doi":"10.1109/ICDSP.2009.5201220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDSP.2009.5201220","url":null,"abstract":"We are developing a posturographic sleepiness tester that employs wavelet and fractal dimension analysis. It detects and characterizes transients in postural sway signals. We measured 6 subjects' postural steadiness (eyes open/closed) with a Nintendo Wii Fit ® balance board every hour during 10 h. During the next two weeks, we performed three additional measurements with different time awake (TA) for each subject. We analyzed the results with 5 literature-based continuous sway measures and with 8 transient-based sway measures. In the eyes open situation 95% of the estimated TA's were inside ±4.8 h and ±2.8 h, respectively. These results show that the transient analysis has potential to detect daytime changes in postural steadiness and that it can be used to enhance posturographic TA estimation during daytime and possibly during sustained wakefulness.","PeriodicalId":409669,"journal":{"name":"2009 16th International Conference on Digital Signal Processing","volume":"2007 29","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120967993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficient architectures for modulo 2n−1 squares","authors":"Anastasia Spyrou, D. Bakalis, H. T. Vergos","doi":"10.1109/ICDSP.2009.5201088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDSP.2009.5201088","url":null,"abstract":"Two novel architectures for designing modulo 2n−1 squarers are given. The first one does not perform any encoding on the input operand, while the second one uses Booth-encoding. Pre-layout estimates indicate that both architectures result in area and/or delay efficient modulo 2n−1 squarers. The non-encoded modulo squarers are more suitable for small values of n while the Booth-encoded modulo squarers are more suitable for medium and large values of n.","PeriodicalId":409669,"journal":{"name":"2009 16th International Conference on Digital Signal Processing","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124542556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reduced-rank space-time adaptive processing for navigation receivers based on QR decomposition and approximations of basis functions","authors":"Hui Xiao, R. D. Lamare","doi":"10.1109/ICDSP.2009.5201110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDSP.2009.5201110","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel reduced-rank space-time adaptive processing (STAP) algorithm for GPS receivers with low computational complexity for protection against the multipath and jamming interferences. The proposed STAP algorithm is based on the least-squares (LS) criterion. The main novelties are the design of the projection matrix based on a set of basis-functions and the derivation of a QR decomposition based reduced-rank recursive LS (QRD-RLS) algorithm for practical implementations. The proposed scheme works on an instantaneous basis, i.e. at each time instant, we select the most suitable set of basis functions to minimize the squared error. Simulation results in a GPS system show that, compared to existing reduced-rank and full-rank algorithms, the proposed algorithm has a much lower computational complexity, and a remarkably better performance for interference suppression and for combating the numerical instability encountered in finite wordlength implementations.","PeriodicalId":409669,"journal":{"name":"2009 16th International Conference on Digital Signal Processing","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122449760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Versatile algorithms for accurate indoor geolocation","authors":"G. Godaliyadda, H. K. Garg","doi":"10.1109/ICDSP.2009.5201089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDSP.2009.5201089","url":null,"abstract":"This paper tackles the challenging problem of accurate indoor geolocation for UWB systems in hazardous multipath environments through three versatile super resolution techniques: time domain MUSIC (Multiple Signal Classification), frequency domain MUSIC algorithms and frequency domain EV (Eigen Value) method. The resultant pseudo-spectrums generated by these algorithms can be used for positioning in both LOS (through accurate time delay estimation) and Non-LOS (by using the resolved multipath profile as a fingerprint for location based fingerprinting techniques) environments. The impact of Eigen value de-weighting on multipath resolvability is demonstrated and its practical implications highlighted. The superior noise immunity of the time domain MUSIC algorithm is verified and introduced as a prime candidate for noisy Non-LOS environments. Finally the spectral leakage effect of the time domain MUSIC algorithm is used to our advantage to generate variants of the algorithm to provide better positioning accuracy for relatively low bandwidth conditions.","PeriodicalId":409669,"journal":{"name":"2009 16th International Conference on Digital Signal Processing","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122676359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}