{"title":"AUGUST ANNI (STI) RAHVUSLIK-DEMOKRAATLIK KULTUURIIDEAAL EESTI VABARIIGI ALGUSAASTAIL JA VAIKIVAL AJASTUL","authors":"H. Sepp","doi":"10.3176/HIST.2008.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/HIST.2008.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the national-democratic ideal of August Annist in the early years of the Republic of Estonia and in the so-called era of silence. The doctor of folklore August Annist (1899-1972) was in the 1920s and 1930s also a prolific writer on the topical issues of the Estonian national culture. His thoughts were published mainly in the periodicals of the Students' Society Veljesto (Brotherhood), the students' newsletter Uliopilasleht, the journals Eesti Kirjandus (Estonian Literature) and Akadeemia (Academy), as well as in the Finnish magazine Suomalainen Suomi. \u0000Annist, who was considered the leading cultural ideologist of the students' society EUS Veljesto, tried to synthesize a new vision of culture that would meet the needs of the Republic of Estonia. He was dissatisfied both with the ”outdated nationalism” of the older generation and with dogmatic socialism. He attempted to combine creatively the best traits of nationalistic ideal and socialism by attaching importance both to the national cultural activities and the realization of social ideals. Annist viewed independence as an outward form the purpose of which was to facilitate the independent development of culture. \u0000An essential component of Annist's nationalism was supporting the democratic system of government. In the era of silence he was looking forward to the restoration of democracy in Estonia and recommended orientation towards the democratic Nordic countries where, as Annist thought, Estonia belonged because of its economic and social structure as well as due to the individualistic character of her people. For national and cultural reasons he favoured close and special relations with Finland.","PeriodicalId":40943,"journal":{"name":"Acta Historica Tallinnensia","volume":"12 1","pages":"18-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2008-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3176/HIST.2008.1.02","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69887518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ESTIMATION OF SECURITY THREATS AND ESTONIAN DEFENCE PLANNING IN THE 1930s","authors":"U. Salo","doi":"10.3176/HIST.2008.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/HIST.2008.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to give an overview of the Estonian military planning in the 1930s and analyze the compatibility of the defence plans with the reality of the time. The influence of military-political relations on the defence planning is also examined. The author tries to find out how the Estonian General Staff foresaw possible military conflicts and who was considered the most plausible enemy. The article provides an overview of the principles of Estonian national defence, the main ideas of the defence plan, general structure of the Defence Forces, mobilization plan and border cover plans. The topic of military cooperation with other states, especially Latvia, Finland and Germany has also been addressed. Changes in strategic situation and military planning in 1939 have been studied separately. For the estimation of the Estonian military planning, comparisons with Latvian and Lithuanian defence and mobilization plans are made.","PeriodicalId":40943,"journal":{"name":"Acta Historica Tallinnensia","volume":"12 1","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3176/HIST.2008.1.03","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69887559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TALURAHVAHARIDUSE EESMÄRGID JA VORMID: Rootsi aja lõpust pärisorjuse kaotamiseni","authors":"V. Sirk","doi":"10.3176/HIST.2008.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/HIST.2008.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40943,"journal":{"name":"Acta Historica Tallinnensia","volume":"13 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69887852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ESTONIAN INDUSTRIAL WORKERS’ DEMANDS IN THE 1905 REVOLUTION","authors":"M. Pihlamägi","doi":"10.3176/hist.2008.1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/hist.2008.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the problems of industrial workers in the revolution of 1905, analyses the workers economic, social and legal state in the beginning of the 20th century and demands that they presented to authorities and entrepreneurs for improving their quality of life. Also the workers achievements on curtailing the working hours, raising the wages, improving the sanitary conditions at workplace and working environment and in providing medical care are being examined.","PeriodicalId":40943,"journal":{"name":"Acta Historica Tallinnensia","volume":"12 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3176/hist.2008.1.01","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69887465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"REFLECTING A TRANSITION IN THE GENDER ORDER – CASE OFNÕUKOGUDE NAINE/EESTI NAINEMAGAZINE","authors":"H. Kurvinen","doi":"10.3176/HIST.2008.1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/HIST.2008.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40943,"journal":{"name":"Acta Historica Tallinnensia","volume":"12 1","pages":"87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3176/HIST.2008.1.05","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69887648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THE PROS AND CONS OF PANEUROPE. ESTONIAN DISCUSSION ON EUROPEAN UNIFICATION IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD","authors":"P. Heikkilä","doi":"10.3176/HIST.2008.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/HIST.2008.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"The First World War resulted in both numerous independent states and intensified plans for European unification. This article deals with the Estonian discussion on the unification during the interwar period as a national question: finding an Estonian place in Europe. The reasons to oppose or promote unification can be divided into diplomatic, economic and cultural dimensions. The latter was emphasized more in Estonia than anywhere else. Accordingly, the promoters (such as Kaarel Robert Pusta and Jaan Tonisson) cherished the idea of European solidarity as the ultimate reason for unification. The opponents (for example Harald Tammer) considered national identities too weak at least for the moment to engage in unification. The discussion was at its peak from autumn 1929 to January 1931, when the Estonian Society of Paneuropean Union was established and the French Prime Minister Aristide Briand circulated an official memorandum on European federation within the League of Nations. The discussion had already withered by 1934, the beginning of the silent era in Estonian politics.","PeriodicalId":40943,"journal":{"name":"Acta Historica Tallinnensia","volume":"13 1","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69887901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"REVOLUTSIOONID VÄÄRTUSMAAILMADE TEISENDAJATENA","authors":"A. Aarelaid-Tart, I. Tart","doi":"10.3176/HIST.2008.1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/HIST.2008.1.06","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40943,"journal":{"name":"Acta Historica Tallinnensia","volume":"12 1","pages":"103-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3176/HIST.2008.1.06","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69887703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ESTONIAN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION DATA: AN INTERPRETATION THROUGH COMPARISON","authors":"M. Klesment","doi":"10.3176/HIST.2008.1.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/HIST.2008.1.08","url":null,"abstract":"This article is about Estonian agricultural production data series from 1920 to 2000. The data are used for international comparisons. The author assumes that possible errors in the statistics of Soviet years, such as unrealistic agricultural yields, may be exposed if the data are used for international comparisons. Also, the author attempts a simple agricultural output aggregation and speculates with the figures of Estonian agricultural labour force after World War II.","PeriodicalId":40943,"journal":{"name":"Acta Historica Tallinnensia","volume":"12 1","pages":"145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3176/HIST.2008.1.08","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69887835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF ESTONIAN JOURNALISM AS A PROFESSION (FROM LATE 19TH CENTURY TO 1940)","authors":"E. Lauk, Anu Pallas","doi":"10.3176/HIST.2008.2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/HIST.2008.2.03","url":null,"abstract":"Taking the concept of professionalisation as a theoretical framework, this article demonstrates how journalism in Estonia historically developed into an independent occupation with well-defined role perceptions, occupational standards and values, and how this development was interrupted by the Soviet authorities in 1940. The article is largely based on a research project lasting nearly two decades that was done for compiling the biographical database of Estonian journalists in the Institute of Journalism and Communication of the University of Tartu.","PeriodicalId":40943,"journal":{"name":"Acta Historica Tallinnensia","volume":"22 4 1","pages":"48-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69887891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}