Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ最新文献

{"title":"Linear superposition of specific rotation for the detection of glucose","authors":"R. McNichols, G. Coté, M. J. Goetz, T. King","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1993.979276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1993.979276","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":408657,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126565869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of the renal retention function for physiological model parameter identification","authors":"R. Lurie, D. R. Fine","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978667","url":null,"abstract":"An anatomical and physiological model of the renal retention function has been developed for use in renogram deconvolution studies. The deconvolved curves are u8eful as a diagnostic tool in determining renal transit times. Simulation techniques are used to determine the validity of the model. Simulation results are compared with actual measurements and the model is shown to be of use in parametric identification of specific physiological mechanisms and anatomical changes.","PeriodicalId":408657,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125229641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Squid magnetometer diagnosis of experimental small bowel ischemia","authors":"D.J. Scaton, J. Golzarian, J. Wikswo, R. Friedman, W. Richards","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1993.979261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1993.979261","url":null,"abstract":"The magnetic field associated with action currents in the small bowel of five N m Zealand white rabbits was measured using a SQUID magnetometer before and &r the occlusion of the mesenteric artery. Results indiate a correlation between a decrease in the magnetic slow wave basic electrical rhythm (BER) frequency of the small bowel and decreved blood flow. INTRODUCTION Mesenteric ischemia is a devastating illness whose mortality remains at 9096, despite dl improvements in surgical care within the last several decades. The reasons for the continued high mortality of this disuse is that early diagnosis is almost impossible. More than half the patients with mesenteric ischemia have the diagnosis made during post-mortem examination and the ochers at the time of lapuotomy[l]. Previous studies show we can record buic electrical rhythm (BER) and spiking activity of small intestine in vitro(2) and in vivo[3]. The study was undertaken to a m i n e electrid activity of the small intestine during cxperimcnul small bowel ischemia. METHODS Five New ZeaLnd white rabbits were anesthetized with K c m i n e and Acepromahe. laparotomy was performed and a I O un segment of small bowel was exteriorized and placed in a non-magnetic reoording chamber containing Kreb's solution at 38°C. The animal and the recording chamber were placed in dose proximity t~ the Superconducting Wantum Interference Device (SQUID) magnetometer to record slow wave activity of the small intestine for 15 minutes prior to and 1 hour &r the injection of a thrombin clot into the mesenteric artery. RESULTS Results are expressed as meanSEM. Student's T-test was used br sratistid significance. Blood pressure, p u k rate, and arterial oxygenation remained c m s t a n t at * 5 % during the experiment. Inrestinal blood flow, measured by doppler flow merer, dccrcased 95% within five minutes of injection of a thrombin clot. SQUID measurcmena of the small intestine showed a significant decrease in slow wave frequency (15.5k0.3 to 8.9e0.2 cydcs/min), a decrease in propagation velocity (3.5k0.2 to 1.9k0.3 d s e c ) , and an 83% increase in BER wavelength (4.2*0.1 to 7.7k0.2 sec). These signifiunt (p<0.05) changes in slow wave activity occurred 30 minutes after the injection of a thrombin clot. DISCUSSION Messentic ischemia is a d i m e largely diagnosed at the time 1 V fipn I : IntuiinaI magnetic I& MUCI nwr&/\" a non-iwhonir jrjnnnm of an a n e d r d d mbbig A m P M U plorud v c r y ~ time. of laparotomy. Other techniques of diagnosis of intestinal infarction arc darivcly insensitive only identifying the patient with ischemia in a pre-morbid condition[4]. Procedures such as doppler ultrasound[5] are unable to identify the mesenteric vessels when there is overlying gas. as in the majority of cases. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been used to identify the mesenteric vasculature, however current MRI technology docp not d o w the fine resolution required for identification of mesenteric vessels nor would it","PeriodicalId":408657,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130716914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation of self organizing network for ASL recognition","authors":"Soowon Kim, M. Waldron","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978529","url":null,"abstract":"Modified labeling process for Kohonen’s Self Organizing Network was developed to explore the expandability of American Sign Language (ASL) vocabulary recognition. The labeling process was developed for handshape recognition and then applied to recognize ASL words. The advantage of this method is that the network does not have to be retrained to increase the learned set only re labeled thus making the earning more adaptable.","PeriodicalId":408657,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131190568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paddle position and size effects in human transthoracic defibrillation- a three-dimensional finite element model","authors":"M. Camacho, S. Eisenberg, N. Perlmutter, J. Lehr","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978853","url":null,"abstract":"A realistic three-dimensional (3D) finite element model (FEM) of the conductive anatomy of a human thorax has been constructed to quantitatively assess the current density distribution produced in the heart and thorax during transthoracic defibrillation. The model is based on a series of cross-sectional CT scans and incorporates isotropic conductivities for 8 tissues and an approximation of the anisotropic conductivity of skeletal muscle. Current density distributions were determined for 4 paddle pairings and 2 paddle sizes. Our results show fairly uniform myocardial current density distributions for all paddle pairs and sizes examined. Maximum current density values < 4 times the minimum current density (Jlh) necessary to inactivate a myocyte suggest that common clinically used defibrillation paddle positions have a safety factor of at least 2.5.","PeriodicalId":408657,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133381820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fiber optic biomedical pressure microtransducer employing in-situ calibration","authors":"G. He, M.T. WIodarczyk","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1993.979279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1993.979279","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":408657,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133494944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conflicts of interest and the clinical engineer","authors":"A. K. Scott","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978759","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical engineers should be aware of the heightenedpublic concern and legal scrutiny regarding conflicts of interest which increasingly arise between members of the medical community, private industry and sources of federal funding. Such conflicts appear whenever medical scientists hold a vested interest in the success and sale of a biomedical product they have developed or upon which they have performed research. Conflicts of interest most commonly appear when scientists serve as consultants, stockholders, board members, officers or investors to corporations, partnerships and joint ventures for which they perform research and from which they receive funding for any purpose. In order to forestall further abuse of the public interest and minimize the intrusion of litigation into this arena of biomedical technology, clearly drawn guidelines or codes of ethics should be promulgated by universities, professional associations, research institutions and private industry. In a utopian world, scientists would work exclusively toward the betterment of the human condition, the advancement of science and the achievement of excellence in their chosen fields. In the real world, however, recent advances in biotechnology have combined with several factors to initiate a downward spiral in the ethics of medicine and finance, or \"medi-financial ethics\", to coin a new phrase. These factors include: The growing number of physicians who are heavily concentrated in urban and suburban areas; reduced Medicare and Medicaid dollars for inpatient payment; increased reliance on outpatient settings for the delivery of care, and new biotechnologies which make outpatient care a viable clinical option for an increasing number of treatments.' A progressively tight federal budget has sharpened incentives for intimate courtships between universities and private industry in the undertaking of research2, animal and human testing', referrals', selfreferrals' and advertising6. No longer is it uncommon for physicians and clinical engineers, who often hold hospital staff or university faculty positions, to have vested financial interests which inherently make their scientific work less than objective. Conflicts of interest most commonly arise when scientists serve as consultants, stock holders, board members or officers to corporations. Moreover, a conflict of interest exists'a priori when the scientist endorses a product through publication of a favorable study and he or she receives funds in any form from the product's manufacturer'. The same is true when the scientist serves as a faculty member to or accepts grant monies from a corporation. By definition, conflicts of interest arise when scientists serve as partners, joint venturers', owners or even slight investors in corporations, including \"faculty corporationsg.\" Despite the addition of the Anti-Fraud and Abuse statute\" to Medicare'' and Medicaid\" laws in the late 1980's. Congress believed it necessary to hold subsequent hearing","PeriodicalId":408657,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132579747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive control of an exercise machine","authors":"P.Y. Li, J. Shields, R. Horowitz","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1993.979134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1993.979134","url":null,"abstract":"In order to achieve the general exercise objectives of increasing i) strength, ii) stamina, and iii) cardiovascular workout, a proper exercise regime has to achieve certain tradeoffs specific to the individual’s muscle mechanics and the fatigue states. An adaptive approach is proposed to control a 1 degree of freedom (DOF) exercise machine in which the exercise regime is modified according to the estimates of the force-velocity relationship (Hill’s curve) of the muscle. An optimal velocity profile is determined from the Hill’s curve via a class of power related criteria. The adaptive controller simultaneously identifies the Hill’s curve, and causes the user to operate at the estimated optimal velocity profile.The controller always interacts with the user passively. It is believed tha t the adaptive controller is able to modify the exercise regime accordingly an fatigue acts in. Stability and convergence results have been rigorously proven and in here some preliminary experimental results are presented.","PeriodicalId":408657,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133176127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of load bearing areas for prosthetic limbs in a below-the-knee amputee using neural networks","authors":"A. Chahande, Sampath Rao Billakand","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1993.979137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1993.979137","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":408657,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ","volume":"210 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115735683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The finite element analysis of patch electrodes for cardiac deflibrillation in a simulated tank","authors":"X. Min, R. Mehra","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978854","url":null,"abstract":"For implantable ,devices, .the reduction of cardiac defibrillation threshold is critically dependent OP electrode impedance and optimization of field distribution. Using the Finite Element Method, the effect of various physical parameters of the electrodes on electrode impedance was analyzed. The electrodes were modeled in a simulated tank and the effect of size, shape, interelectrode spacing and area of electrodes was nndyzed. In this paper, the effect of these variables are presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":408657,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115776213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}