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WARFARE AND WOMEN IN THE ANCIENT WORLD 战争与古代妇女
IF 0.1
Akroterion-Journal for the Classics in South Africa Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.7445/65-0-1022
M. Marre
{"title":"WARFARE AND WOMEN IN THE ANCIENT WORLD","authors":"M. Marre","doi":"10.7445/65-0-1022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7445/65-0-1022","url":null,"abstract":"The present article explores the often ambivalent relationship our ancient sources had with the role of women in times of war, from the Homeric to the early Byzantine period. The article takes the view that these roles were not something invariably imposed by men, but were part of a more general societal development, in which women as much as men supported the status quo, and for a variety of reasons.","PeriodicalId":40864,"journal":{"name":"Akroterion-Journal for the Classics in South Africa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42995258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
NOSTALGIA, EXPULSION AND THE POETIC I: THE POETICS OF DIASPORA IN THE CORPUS THEOGNIDEUM 乡愁、驱逐与诗意:《神学家文集》中的散居诗学
IF 0.1
Akroterion-Journal for the Classics in South Africa Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.7445/66--1017
J. Skarbek-Kazanecki
{"title":"NOSTALGIA, EXPULSION AND THE POETIC I: THE POETICS OF DIASPORA IN THE CORPUS THEOGNIDEUM","authors":"J. Skarbek-Kazanecki","doi":"10.7445/66--1017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7445/66--1017","url":null,"abstract":"In the anthology of archaic elegiac poetry called the Corpus Theognideum, the poetic I often eludes traditional approaches to the ‘poetic authority’. Instead of presenting itself as a citizen of a particular ‘city-state’ or at least a prominent member of an elitist circle who came to have a position of authority, the persona loquens situates himself as removed from the community: as impoverished, expelled from his polis, despised, embittered and thirsting for revenge. The purpose of my paper is to consider how the tension between the alienation of the poetic I and the unity of the audience might function during the act of (re)performance. Applying considerations of Edward W Said on ‘diasporic temporality’ to the political and economic conflict between the ideologies of polis and anti-polis in archaic and classical Greece, I show that the poetic I in the Theognidean tradition, by presenting itself as an exile and a victim of the democratic movement, expresses the temporally distant position of the so far privileged aristocracy, situated in dialectical opposition to the democratic institutions of polis.","PeriodicalId":40864,"journal":{"name":"Akroterion-Journal for the Classics in South Africa","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71335208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
ILL-FATED SHIELDS AND MAN-SLAYING SPEARS: ANYTE AND NOSSIS ON THE ‘HEROIC CODE’ IN THE HELLENISTIC EPIGRAM 命运多舛的盾牌和杀人的长矛:对希腊警句中“英雄法则”的任何评论和评论
IF 0.1
Akroterion-Journal for the Classics in South Africa Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.7445/66--1032
A. Martin
{"title":"ILL-FATED SHIELDS AND MAN-SLAYING SPEARS: ANYTE AND NOSSIS ON THE ‘HEROIC CODE’ IN THE HELLENISTIC EPIGRAM","authors":"A. Martin","doi":"10.7445/66--1032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7445/66--1032","url":null,"abstract":"In Anyte’s dedicatory epigram AP 6.123, the poetic speaker paints a gruesome image of a bloody, ‘man-slaying’ spear residing in an Arcadian temple of the goddess Athena. This votive text has been read as a ‘womanly dislike of war’ (Gutzwiller) conveyed by the female author’s command of the weapon to ‘no longer’ shed the blood of its enemies upon the battlefield. A similar votive epigram by Nossis (AP 6.132) speaks of the brutal defeat of the ‘ill-fated’ Bruttians, whose shields now rest in the temples of the gods as a testimony to the bravery of the ‘swift-fighting’ Locrians, likewise interpreted as a subtle feminine critique of the heroic code, much due to the view that women poets did not compose on public, masculine matters unless for the purpose of modifying them or casting them aside (Skinner). However, reading AP 6.123 and 6.132 within their context of transmission may point to another possibility altogether. Although these texts are frequently analysed as companion pieces within what we assume was once each poet’s own epigram book, they were originally preserved in the Palatine Anthology as part of a short sequence of dedicatory epigrams (AP 6.121–125, 6.127–128, and 6.132) that all share the theme of retired weapons resting in the sacred shrines of the gods. Closer examination reveals that each piece is connected to the next via verbal and thematic reiteration, thus creating an allusive network in a fixed literary trope (‘resting weapons’), some condoning and others condemning military violence, irrespective of the author’s gender. This paper therefore argues two points: that not only women poets disregarded the heroic code and that women poets may indeed have championed the heroic code despite their gender.","PeriodicalId":40864,"journal":{"name":"Akroterion-Journal for the Classics in South Africa","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71335310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CASA Essay (T Stranex) 家庭论文(T Stranex)
IF 0.1
Akroterion-Journal for the Classics in South Africa Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.7445/66--1036
T. Stranex
{"title":"CASA Essay (T Stranex)","authors":"T. Stranex","doi":"10.7445/66--1036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7445/66--1036","url":null,"abstract":"Reason can be defined in many ways, and more than one definition would be fertile ground for investigation in the Ajax. Perhaps the most tempting way to understand Reason, especially given the theme of insanity in the play, is as sanity; however, Reason might also be understood as an interpersonal phenomenon, the ability of individuals to ‘reason’ together, negotiating and arguing to reach an agreement. It is this agonistic (agonistic in that it is what characters attempt to do in an agon) sense of Reason I have chosen to examine.","PeriodicalId":40864,"journal":{"name":"Akroterion-Journal for the Classics in South Africa","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71335362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
METAPOETIC REFLECTIONS IN THREE AETIA OF THE ARGONAUTICA 《阿尔古文学》三章的元诗学反思
IF 0.1
Akroterion-Journal for the Classics in South Africa Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.7445/66--1018
M. N. Bustos
{"title":"METAPOETIC REFLECTIONS IN THREE AETIA OF THE ARGONAUTICA","authors":"M. N. Bustos","doi":"10.7445/66--1018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7445/66--1018","url":null,"abstract":"This article studies three aetia in the Argonautica that have metapoetic significance as comments on Apollonius’ Callimachean poetics. In the first aetion (1.1132–1139), the Pyrrhic dance reflects the Argonauts’ key role as active agents in the creation of the plot and shows its Callimachean allegiance in the repurposing of traditional martial imagery. In the second one (4.1719–1730), the meagerness of the Argonauts’ offering to Apollo at Anaphe and the light jesting between Medea’s maidens and the Argonauts are programmatic reflections of the ‘lean’ poetics advocated by Callimachus in the Aetia ‘prologue’ (fr. 1). The third aetion (4.1765–1772), by closing the Argonautica in correspondence with the beginning of Callimachus’ Aetia, stresses the close connection between Apollonius and Callimachus. In it, the quick pace, lightness and playfulness of the hydrophoria at Aegina mirrors the fast coming to an end and happy tone that closes the Argonautica.","PeriodicalId":40864,"journal":{"name":"Akroterion-Journal for the Classics in South Africa","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71335252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE SECOND DIVINE COUNCIL AT ODYSSEY 5.1–42 RECONSIDERED 第二次神圣会议在奥德赛5.1-42重新考虑
IF 0.1
Akroterion-Journal for the Classics in South Africa Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.7445/66--1031
S. Bär
{"title":"THE SECOND DIVINE COUNCIL AT ODYSSEY 5.1–42 RECONSIDERED","authors":"S. Bär","doi":"10.7445/66--1031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7445/66--1031","url":null,"abstract":"This article reconsiders the much-discussed second divine council at the beginning of Book 5 of the Odyssey (5.1–42). It is demonstrated that this assembly is not a case of successive narration of simultaneous actions, as many scholars have maintained, but that the second council is necessary because Zeus, in order to avoid interdivine conflicts, has not kept his promise to initiate Odysseus’ repatriation as announced in the first council. It is further argued that Athene’s speech to Zeus (5.7–20), with its minacious tone and its cento-like composition, serves to put pressure on Zeus and to display Athene’s intellectual superiority.","PeriodicalId":40864,"journal":{"name":"Akroterion-Journal for the Classics in South Africa","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71335269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
SYMPHOSIUS, A NORTH AFRICAN MARTIAL? Symphosius，北非武士?
IF 0.1
Akroterion-Journal for the Classics in South Africa Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.7445/66--1035
T. Leary
{"title":"SYMPHOSIUS, A NORTH AFRICAN MARTIAL?","authors":"T. Leary","doi":"10.7445/66--1035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7445/66--1035","url":null,"abstract":"The late-Latin compendium known as the Latin anthology includes a carefully composed verse collection of a hundred riddles. It was probably called the Aenigmata and written by a man called Symphosius, who might have come from North Africa; but very little is known for certain. The collection was, however, to have a profound influence on later riddle-writing and deserves attention for this reason alone. It is clear, however, that Symphosius was greatly influenced by the Xenia and Apophoreta of Martial, although this further reason has not been widely appreciated. This article sets Symphosius’ Aenigmata in its Martialian context before exploring its debts both in terms of form and arrangement and, by comparing individual riddles, explaining how Symphosius has varied, developed and extended his model. It concludes that he succeeded admirably in his self-appointed task of challenging comparison with his predecessor, and that he was a ‘Martial’ in his own right.","PeriodicalId":40864,"journal":{"name":"Akroterion-Journal for the Classics in South Africa","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71335470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
TERMS FOR HOMELAND IN THE WRITINGS OF THE EMPEROR JULIAN AND IN THE AETHIOPICA OF HELIODORUS 尤里乌斯皇帝的著作和赫利奥多罗斯的《古埃及记》中关于祖国的术语
IF 0.1
Akroterion-Journal for the Classics in South Africa Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.7445/66--1034
J. Hilton
{"title":"TERMS FOR HOMELAND IN THE WRITINGS OF THE EMPEROR JULIAN AND IN THE AETHIOPICA OF HELIODORUS","authors":"J. Hilton","doi":"10.7445/66--1034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7445/66--1034","url":null,"abstract":"In his writings the emperor Julian states that he has three homelands: Constantinople, Athens and Rome, and yet he refers to his youthful relegation to Macellum as an exile and he more than once approvingly deploys the sayings of the Cynic philosopher, Diogenes, that he was without a home and that he was a citizen of the universe. At the same time, Julian believed that human salvation was possible and that the soul could escape this world and ascend to heaven. Similarly, in the Aethiopica of Heliodorus, all the major characters (apart from the Ethiopians Hydaspes and Persinna) experience exile from their earthly homelands. Yet here too the possibility of a return to a remote, otherworldly home is suggested. Heliodorus enigmatically makes use of an allusive neologism (ἡ ἐνεγκοῦσα, or ‘motherland’), in contrast with the traditional term ἡ πατρίς (‘fatherland’), to refer to a philosophical ‘place of birth’, particularly in the case of the main characters, Theagenes and Chariclea.","PeriodicalId":40864,"journal":{"name":"Akroterion-Journal for the Classics in South Africa","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71335458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
SULLA AND THE ‘PROPHECY’ OF CAESAR’S DESTRUCTION OF THE OPTIMATES (SUET. IUL. 1.3) 苏拉和“预言”的凯撒毁灭优选(suet。IUL。1.3)
IF 0.1
Akroterion-Journal for the Classics in South Africa Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.7445/66--1033
D. Wardle
{"title":"SULLA AND THE ‘PROPHECY’ OF CAESAR’S DESTRUCTION OF THE OPTIMATES (SUET. IUL. 1.3)","authors":"D. Wardle","doi":"10.7445/66--1033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7445/66--1033","url":null,"abstract":"The extant life of Julius Caesar by Suetonius begins with the dictator Sulla predicting that Caesar will destroy the Optimates, i.e., undo all that Sulla himself had achieved. In presenting Sulla’s forecast Suetonius uniquely in examples of divinatory material in the Lives appears to be ambiguous as to its divinatory status. This paper examines how Suetonius secures credibility for this piece of ‘prophecy’ and considers the role of Sulla’s words in the economy of the Life.","PeriodicalId":40864,"journal":{"name":"Akroterion-Journal for the Classics in South Africa","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71335320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
APPLES AND ACORNS: ADDRESSING A PROBLEM IN THEOCRITUS 5.92-95 苹果和橡子:解决《政论》5.92-95中的一个问题
IF 0.1
Akroterion-Journal for the Classics in South Africa Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.7445/64-0-1003
Helen Lenahan
{"title":"APPLES AND ACORNS: ADDRESSING A PROBLEM IN THEOCRITUS 5.92-95","authors":"Helen Lenahan","doi":"10.7445/64-0-1003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7445/64-0-1003","url":null,"abstract":"Theocritus’ Idyll 5 details an amoebaean singing contest between two herdsmen in which the goatherd, Comatas, sings an opening couplet and the shepherd, Lacon, replies with a second. This paper considers one exchange between the competitors which has been the cause of particular frustration to readers of the poem due to an obscure, and likely obscene, pastoral analogy offered by Lacon at lines 94-95. After a consideration of evidence drawn from the text, Theocritean scholia and Greek lyric and elegiac poetry, an interpretation of the exchange is offered which may provide some clarity to a much-cited problem in Idyll 5.","PeriodicalId":40864,"journal":{"name":"Akroterion-Journal for the Classics in South Africa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47722739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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