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Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science最新文献

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A method to study competitive ability of hybrids between seabeet (Beta vulgaris ssp. Maritima) and glyphosate tolerant sugarbeet (B. vulgaris ssp. Vulgaris) 一种研究海蜂(Beta vulgaris ssp)杂种竞争能力的方法。耐草甘膦甜菜(B. vulgaris ssp.)。寻常的)
IF 1.6 4区 农林科学
Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/09064719809362495
K. H. Madsen, G. S. Poulsen, J. Fredshavn, J. E. Jensen, P. Steen, J. Streibig
{"title":"A method to study competitive ability of hybrids between seabeet (Beta vulgaris ssp. Maritima) and glyphosate tolerant sugarbeet (B. vulgaris ssp. Vulgaris)","authors":"K. H. Madsen, G. S. Poulsen, J. Fredshavn, J. E. Jensen, P. Steen, J. Streibig","doi":"10.1080/09064719809362495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064719809362495","url":null,"abstract":"A population of 50% transgenic hybrids between seabeet and a transgenic glyphosate tolerant sugarbeet was tested against pure lines of sugarbeet and seabeet to determine if a model could detect any significant differences between the hybrids and the pure lines. The competitive abilities were fairly constant over time. The 95% confidence limits, determined by the “bootstrap”; method, showed that biomass per plant at low densities and maximum biomass production per unit area were not significantly different among the three Beta lines. Based on above‐ground biomass recordings, the hybrid and sugarbeet lines were more competitive than the seabeet line. The hybrid line showed the highest competitive ability, which can be explained by hybrid vigour.","PeriodicalId":40817,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science","volume":"20 1","pages":"170-174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1998-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83702110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Influence of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration on common weeds in Scandinavian agriculture 大气CO2浓度升高对斯堪的纳维亚农业常见杂草的影响
IF 1.6 4区 农林科学
Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/09064719809362491
Arne Saeb, L. Mortensen
{"title":"Influence of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration on common weeds in Scandinavian agriculture","authors":"Arne Saeb, L. Mortensen","doi":"10.1080/09064719809362491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064719809362491","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the influence of elevated CO2 on three perennial weed species (Achillea millefolium, Leontodon autumnalis and Rumex acetosa) and seven annual species (Chenopodium album, Matricaria matricarioides, Poa annua, Polygoniini persicaria, Senecio vulgaris, Spergula arvensis and Stellaria media). The study was carried out during the period 3 May to 5 August in ten field chamber units of 9 m2 in a cool (12.6°C) maritime climate under long days (15.8–18.1 h day‐1) on the south‐west coast of Norway (59° N, 6° E). Dry weights of the seven annual species were not significantly affected by the CO2 concentration. Of the three perennial species, L. autumnalis increased in dry weight by 27% and A. millefolium by 19% at elevated compared with ambient CO2 concentration. Plant height increased by 8% in L. autumnalis and decreased by 12 and 10% in M. matricarioides and P. annua respectively. Leaf size increased by 32% and specific leaf area decreased by 23% in P. persicaria at elevated CO2, while the o...","PeriodicalId":40817,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science","volume":"7 1","pages":"138-143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1998-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78298907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
INHERITANCE OF GRAIN FILL RATE IN BARLEY 大麦籽粒灌浆率的遗传研究
IF 1.6 4区 农林科学
Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/09064719809362494
S. M. Dofing
{"title":"INHERITANCE OF GRAIN FILL RATE IN BARLEY","authors":"S. M. Dofing","doi":"10.1080/09064719809362494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064719809362494","url":null,"abstract":"Grain fill rate is an important characteristic influencing productivity of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in northern areas of production. This study was conducted to determine the inheritance of grain fill rate and its relationship to other agronomic traits. Thirty‐three doubled haploid lines and parents from two crosses were evaluated for three years at Palmer, Alaska. The distribution of lines for grain fill rate in the progenies was approximately normal. Heritability of grain fill rate was 89.6% in one cross and 90.0% in the other. Rapid grain fill rate was associated with shorter effective grain fill period, longer time to heading, and higher grain yield, but not with time to maturity. Rapid grain fill rate appears to provide a means of improving grain yield without increasing time to maturity.","PeriodicalId":40817,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"165-169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1998-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85740822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
RESPONSES OF BARLEY AND WHEAT TO PATHOGENS, NON-PATHOGENS AND WOUNDING AS INDICATED BY INDUCED PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA-LYASE ACTIVITY 用诱导苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性研究大麦和小麦对病原菌、非病原菌和伤害的反应
IF 1.6 4区 农林科学
Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/09064719809362497
S. Peltonen
{"title":"RESPONSES OF BARLEY AND WHEAT TO PATHOGENS, NON-PATHOGENS AND WOUNDING AS INDICATED BY INDUCED PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA-LYASE ACTIVITY","authors":"S. Peltonen","doi":"10.1080/09064719809362497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064719809362497","url":null,"abstract":"Phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase (PAL) activity was strongly induced in barley and wheat leaves after inoculation with highly or weakly aggressive isolates of Bipolaris sorokiniana. Aggressive isolates, however, generated much stronger early induction of PAL than less aggressive isolates. The non‐pathogens Drechslerei teres (in wheat), Stagonospora nodorum (in barley), Botrytis cinerea, Trichoderma reesei and the root and stem pathogen Fusarium culmorum caused no clear induction of PAL on intact barley or wheat leaves. They were able to induce PAL at the wound margins of barley leaves, although at a lower level than B. sorokiniana. Wounding alone did not induce PAL. Prior inoculation of barley leaves with non‐pathogens provided partial protection against a subsequent challenge with B. sorokiniana seven days later. Induced plants showed unchanged PAL activity levels compared to non‐induced plants after challenge inoculation. The results suggest that PAL plays a role in the active defences of barley and wheat in...","PeriodicalId":40817,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"184-191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1998-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83793235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Nitrogen economy of cattle slurry aeration and spreading on to grassland 牛浆通气氮经济性及其在草地上的推广
IF 1.6 4区 农林科学
Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science Pub Date : 1998-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/09064719809362481
Petri Leinonen, H. Heinonen‐Tanski, K. Rinne
{"title":"Nitrogen economy of cattle slurry aeration and spreading on to grassland","authors":"Petri Leinonen, H. Heinonen‐Tanski, K. Rinne","doi":"10.1080/09064719809362481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064719809362481","url":null,"abstract":"Slurry aeration processes were followed in private dairy farms. Nitrogen losses during 3–6 weeks of aeration were 10% of the total nitrogen (Ntot) and the proportion of NH4 + from Ntot increased from 48% to 51%. No changes in NO3 −concentration were observed. The average dry matter reduction was 16%. The fertilizer values of aerated and non‐aerated cattle slurry on grassland did not differ significantly. In most cases, band‐spread slurry gave a higher yield than did the injected slurry. Water dilution improved N recovery slightly, but not significantly. The N recovery of mineral slurry N in the next harvest varied considerably, although in most cases it did not significantly differ from that of the mineral fertilizer. In general, the results obtained encourage the use of cow slurry as a grassland fertilizer.","PeriodicalId":40817,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"65-72"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72733455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Effect of residual fertilizer N, lime and Bradyrhizobium inoculum on groundnut yield, N uptake and N2 Fixation 残氮、石灰和接种缓生根瘤菌对花生产量、氮素吸收和固氮的影响
IF 1.6 4区 农林科学
Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science Pub Date : 1998-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/09064719809362485
G. Reddy, A. Mapiki, Bal R Singh
{"title":"Effect of residual fertilizer N, lime and Bradyrhizobium inoculum on groundnut yield, N uptake and N2 Fixation","authors":"G. Reddy, A. Mapiki, Bal R Singh","doi":"10.1080/09064719809362485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064719809362485","url":null,"abstract":"Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is known to be effective in symbiotic N2 fixation, but uncertainty remains concerning the magnitude of this process, especially when this crop is grown under acid conditions with different N management systems. This study was conducted to determine the effect of previously applied fertilizer N and previously applied lime rates on groundnut yield, 15N concentration, total N uptake and N2 fixation. Previously applied N rates were 0, 80, 160 and 240 kg N ha‐1 as NH4NO3 to main plots or labelled‐N rates of 0, 40, 80 and 120 kg NO3‐N ha‐1 to microplots as NH4 I5NO3. The lime was previously applied at the rates of 0 and 2 Mg ha‐1 to the preceding maize (Zea mays L.) crop. The effect of inoculum was also investigated. Nodulating isoline, groundnut cv Chalimbana seed was treated with Bradyrhizobium peat inoculum containing Bradyrhizobium sp. (inoculant strain TAL 1000) 105 cells per seed. Non‐nodulating isoline PI 109839/NC AC17090 (NFN‐43) and nodulating isoline Chalimbana were gr...","PeriodicalId":40817,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science","volume":"53 1","pages":"91-99"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85125861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Water stress and calcium concentration during the seed‐filling stage of soybean affect senescence 灌种期水分胁迫和钙浓度对大豆衰老有影响
IF 1.6 4区 农林科学
Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science Pub Date : 1998-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/09064719809362483
A. Sorooshzadeh, N. Barthakur
{"title":"Water stress and calcium concentration during the seed‐filling stage of soybean affect senescence","authors":"A. Sorooshzadeh, N. Barthakur","doi":"10.1080/09064719809362483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064719809362483","url":null,"abstract":"Solutions of ruthenium red (RR, 0.01 mM), ethylene glycol‐bis‐(s‐aminoethyl ether)‐N,N,N’,N'‐tetraacetic acid (EGTA, 0.1 mM), calcium (Ca, 1 mM), and double‐distilled water (control) were fed through a bottom branch of soybean with (ST) and without (NS) water stress at the seed‐filling stage. The volume absorptions and transpiration rates were significantly higher for NS than for ST plants and decreased almost linearly with time for all treatments. The transpiration rates of Ca‐feeding ST plants and the control overlapped, while the NS plants approached the same rate of transpiration by the third week only. It is suggested that Ca was implicated in stomatal closure for the reduction of transpiration rates. The relative amounts of chlorophyll decreased with time but chlorophyll was least affected in Ca‐absorbing plants for both ST and NS plants. The use of RR (a Ca‐transport blocker) and EGTA (a Ca chelator) indicated the role of intracellular Ca concentrations on stomatal closure and foliar senescence at ...","PeriodicalId":40817,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"79-84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81185458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Clone selection of woody ornamentals in Finland 芬兰木本观赏植物的无性系选择
IF 1.6 4区 农林科学
Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science Pub Date : 1998-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/09064719809362488
S. Juhanoja, M. Heikkilä, A. Virtanen
{"title":"Clone selection of woody ornamentals in Finland","authors":"S. Juhanoja, M. Heikkilä, A. Virtanen","doi":"10.1080/09064719809362488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064719809362488","url":null,"abstract":"Fifty clones of the genera Forsythia, Hydrangea, Lonicera, Philadelphus and Viburnum were cultivated in comparative field trials at five sites in Finland in 1989–93. The aim was to find the hardiest and the most valuable clones to be recommended for landscape gardening. The evaluation covered about 30 traits which were recorded annually. Most attention was paid to winter‐hardiness, resistance to diseases and pests, and ornamental value. The data were analysed using both statistical and non‐statistical methods. A combination of these proved to be a successful method for selecting the clones with the highest value for production. Nine clones were selected as recommendable clones. The Hydrangea paniculata cultivars ‘Grandiflora’, ‘Praecox’ and ‘Mustila’ were found to be valuable and recommendable. Several Lonicera clones succeeded well and were renamed. Three clones were selected as being suitable for different purposes: L. tatarica ’Sanna’ suits well for hedges, L. x bella ’Dropmore’ is white‐flowered, and ...","PeriodicalId":40817,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science","volume":"52 1","pages":"113-127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73477446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Nutritional status of commercial apple orchards in the Åland Islands Åland群岛商业苹果园的营养状况
IF 1.6 4区 农林科学
Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science Pub Date : 1998-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/09064719809362486
R. Dris, R. Niskanen
{"title":"Nutritional status of commercial apple orchards in the Åland Islands","authors":"R. Dris, R. Niskanen","doi":"10.1080/09064719809362486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064719809362486","url":null,"abstract":"Soil, leaf and fruit samples were collected from nine apple orchards in the Aland Islands during 1993–95. Early, intermediate and late apple cultivars were studied. Leaves were sampled three times during fruit development. In the experimental orchards, mean soil pH was 7.0 and the concentrations of extractable nutrients (mg l−1 soil) were: P 30; K 216; Ca 6000; Mg 180. The mean values of nutrients in the leaves (% DM) were: N 2.2; P 0.22; K 1.7; Ca 1.7; Mg 0.22, and in the fruit (mg 100 g−1 FW): N 47; P 10; K 125; Ca 5; Mg 5. During the sampling period (22 July‐26 August), N, P and K in the leaves decreased and Ca increased. Nutrient levels in the leaves were satisfactory, but N, P and K concentrations in the fruit were low. There were significant linear correlations between the corresponding fruit and leaf nutrients, positive for N, P, K and Mg and negative for Ca. Leaf Mg and fruit K correlated significantly with the corresponding soil nutrients. P and Ca in leaves and fruits correlated with soil pH mor...","PeriodicalId":40817,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"100-106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82088250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Settling behaviour of Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) in relation to cyanogenic glycosides and gramine contents in barley 与大麦中氰苷和谷草胺含量相关的稻瘟病菌沉降行为
IF 1.6 4区 农林科学
Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science Pub Date : 1998-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/09064719809362487
K. Forslund, J. Pettersson, E. Ahmed, L. Jonsson
{"title":"Settling behaviour of Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) in relation to cyanogenic glycosides and gramine contents in barley","authors":"K. Forslund, J. Pettersson, E. Ahmed, L. Jonsson","doi":"10.1080/09064719809362487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09064719809362487","url":null,"abstract":"In order to examine whether the content of cyanogenic glycosides or gramine in barley affects the host plant preference of the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), two‐choice settling tests were performed with R. padi on different barley varieties with varying amounts of these compounds. The total concentration of cyanogenic glycosides in barley shoots, as determined in 59 varieties, varied between 20 and 1200 nmol (g fw)−1. Of the 59 varieties, six with high [>700 nmol (g fw)−1], six with intermediate [450–650 nmol (g fw)−1] and six with low [<200 nmol (g fw)‐l] content of cyanogenic glycosides were chosen for preference tests with R. padi. The content of gramine was determined in these 18 chosen varieties and was generally either low (close to 0) or high [about 2 μmol (g fw)−1]. There was no correlation between cyanogenic glycoside and gramine content. The aphids did not discriminate between varieties with high, intermediate or low content of cyanogenic glycosides in combinations with high or low gramine cont...","PeriodicalId":40817,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science","volume":"83 1","pages":"107-112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79414571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
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