Day 3 Wed, August 02, 2023最新文献

{"title":"Modified Solvent-Based Mud Acid Stimulation of Condensate Gas Reservoirs: Case Study of UUU Cluster in West Niger Delta","authors":"P. Osode, Augustine Soro, Andy Iyama, D. Otiede, Oduyemi Olawunmi, Lawrence Nwadiogbu","doi":"10.2118/217105-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/217105-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Matrix acid stimulation has been successfully applied to remove formation damage in the high-permeability Niger Delta sandstone oil and gas reservoirs since the mid-eighties. The predominant acid treatment fluid of choice is expectedly the regular mud acid (RMA) – hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid (HCl:HF combination acid). Fluid formulation is however challenging for gas wells due condensate banking and water block development in the near-wellbore area at pressures below dew point pressure.\u0000 Candidate wells were identified for stimulation after well test data analysis and production performance evaluation. This paper focuses on selection and application of a modified solvent-based RMA to remove drilling and completion fluid-induced formation damage in addition to production-related damage in high-rate, gas-condensate wells in a cluster of western Niger Delta fields.\u0000 A low-strength alcoholic mud acid was selected primarily based on bottomhole temperature (< 220 °F), formation mineralogy – over 70% quartz with low clay content (< 5%) for the high-permeability hydrocarbon formations. The alcohol-based solvent – methanol was included in all stage treatment fluids (preflush, main treatment and overflush) for condensate bank removal and improved well production performance. Treatment fluid injection and soak treatment was applied at minimum threshold of 100 gallons per foot across the perforations using coil tubing.\u0000 The results indicated improved well-inflow performance for the old gas-condensate compared to the newly completed well after adequate clean up. Average production gain realised in the aged wells was over 50%. This paper has confirmed the applicability of this modified RMA for near-wellbore formation damage removal without increasing the producing water gas ratio (WGR) in gas wells.","PeriodicalId":407977,"journal":{"name":"Day 3 Wed, August 02, 2023","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115672490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bit Balling: Causes, Effects and Mitigation Using Bunmi-01 Well in Niger Delta as a Case Study","authors":"Sodiq Adejuwon Kehinde, O. I. Ajayi, U. Akpan, D. Odesa","doi":"10.2118/217094-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/217094-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Drilling operations is typically characterized by various operational challenges ranging from surface to subsurface issues. The most prevalent subsurface drilling problems include pipe sticking, lost circulation, borehole instability, bit balling, hole cleaning etc. This paper aims to analyse the causes and effects of bit balling and the mitigation strategies that can be employed in the well planning and drilling phase using Bunmi-01 well in Niger Delta as a case study. Analysis of drilling data gathered from Bunmi-01 well shows that the bit balling is more prominent at depths within the range of 3,000ft – 6,800ft, mostly in the top-hole section (17½\") of the well. In the well of interest, the bit balling phenomenon was characterized by a significant drop in average ROP from 78.8ft/hr to 1.5ft/hr (with instantaneous ROP as low as 1ft/hr) and increase in standpipe pressure from 1,200psi to 1,350 psi. Mud logging data also indicated a transition in lithology from predominantly sand (Sand: 70%, Clay: 30%) to predominantly clay (Sand: 20%, Clay: 80%). A total rig time of about 16.5 hrs (NPT) was lost in tripping out of hole, breaking up and making up a new BHA and tripping in hole back to the bottom of the well. This corresponds to about $56,000 in costs incurred. As highlighted above, bit balling poses a threat to achieving desired cost savings through efficient drilling operations, hence it is necessary to put in place effective mitigation strategies both in the well planning and drilling phase to tackle its undesirable effects. This includes optimal bit selection and hydraulics, effective mud conditioning (addition of clay inhibition material – KCl polymer, glycol), proper hole cleaning practices, appropriate monitoring, and control of drilling parameters – ROP, flow rate and weight on bit (WOB) etc.","PeriodicalId":407977,"journal":{"name":"Day 3 Wed, August 02, 2023","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115674803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Darcy-Forchheimer's Model: Application in Hydraulic Fracturing Design and Optimisation.","authors":"A. Hart, Oluwasegun Cornelious OMOBOLANLE","doi":"10.2118/217106-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/217106-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Hydraulic fracturing is a proven stimulation technique for enhancing production and maximizing recovery from tight and unconventional reservoirs. The treatment improves the effective conductivity, enhances production and economic recovery of the reserves. This paper investigates the impact of in-situ closure pressure and bottom-hole temperature on the effective permeability of proppant-pack and inertial flow coefficient. Core samples from a sandstone formation were analyzed in this experiment; the samples were subjected to closure pressures between 1,000–10,000psi at 100°F–200°F. The corresponding proppant-pack permeabilities were measured across the core while the inertia flow co-efficient values were calculated with the Darcy-Forchheimer's model. The results show that the effective proppant-pack permeability reduces with increasing in-situ closure pressure and inertial flow coefficient.","PeriodicalId":407977,"journal":{"name":"Day 3 Wed, August 02, 2023","volume":"176 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127133194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wellbore Strengthening: Palm Date Seeds for Mitigating Circulation Losses and Effect of Salinity on Clay Swelling","authors":"Abdirahman H. Mohamed, A. Sulaimon, S. Jufar, Vijayabaskaran Manickam, B. Adeyemi","doi":"10.2118/217237-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/217237-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Drilling through depleted and Deepwater formations are often challenging because of various wellbore instabilities such as weak zones, abnormally pressured, and/or highly swelling zones that could trigger severe circulation losses, blowouts, wellbore sloughing, enlargement, and stuck drill pipe. Considering the consequential expenses of non-productive time, it is essential to determine the root cause of wellbore instabilities, to initiate the appropriate mitigation measures. Therefore, this work was structured to review lost circulation and shale swelling challenges, mechanisms, and control strategies. Firstly, this research work has investigated palm date seeds (DS) as loss circulation and a bridging material. Processed palm seeds were sieved into various particle sizes and added in different mass and size ratios to the formulated oil-based mud. Sand-bed and HPHT filtration experiments were conducted to investigate the DS filtrate control potential. The filtrate loss and the mud cake thickness of the DS mud samples ranged between 4.2 ml to 4.8 ml and 1mm to 3mm, respectively. The conducted LCM comparative evaluations have shown that DS had the least filtrate control potential and the least competent mud cake. However, in the sand-bed experiment, DS LCM was able to withhold the mud in the sand column despite the high filtration depth. Secondly, this research work also investigated the effect of salinity on clay hydration. Therefore, using a viscometer to measure the yield point of a sample bentonite slurry, it was observed that (KCl + bentonite) had a 95% yield point reduction compared with (freshwater + bentonite).","PeriodicalId":407977,"journal":{"name":"Day 3 Wed, August 02, 2023","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114918159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SCR Fatigue Mitigation Options for Life Extension","authors":"Oluwasegun Wemimo, Olisaemeka Osadebe, Daniel Amuda, S. Bhat, John Ugbelase","doi":"10.2118/217223-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/217223-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Steel Catenary Risers (SCRs) are typically designed to meet requirement for the field life. However, with a possibility for an opportunity for life extension (LE), a remaining life reassessment (RLA) is necessary to be carried out to explore options to extend the life within the SCR integrity framework requirements. It is noted that replacing the whole or specific portion of length of the SCR is not considered as an economically and practically viable option. Several SCR fatigue damage reduction options have been explored for life extension considerations in the industry and the practicality of implementing them to specific field leads to only few choices due to the complexities involved in executing these options. The complexities arise in the execution as the fatigue damage reduction options will require careful re-assessment of floating system performance that includes floater motion, global riser behavior, and mooring system performance.\u0000 This paper aims to present findings from the fatigue re-assessment as well as the thought process and needed considerations to selecting a mitigation option that is purpose-fit given the value drivers as well as constraints for a typical floater in West Africa deep-water. This is considering that within the West of Africa deep-water fields, this is the first time a practical approach is given to solve the fatigue life extension\u0000 The fatigue reassessment incorporates as-occurred data parameters that affect global system performance of the SCRs. The fatigue mitigation options considered are repositioning of floater, use of buoyancy modules at midsections of the SCR, and increase in Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV) strakes coverage length. Each of these considered options are analyzed with pros and cons of each option, reviewed to arrive at a purpose fit option.\u0000 This paper further gives practical insight to how oil and gas industry operators in the Gulf of Guinea region who are considering SCR life extension, can see to integrate methodological steps in seeking solutions to extending field life while maintaining asset integrity. It also highlights the impact of technology and digitalization on asset integrity management. This strategy provides affordability to create earnings from today's energy to fund the energy for future needs.","PeriodicalId":407977,"journal":{"name":"Day 3 Wed, August 02, 2023","volume":"63 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128726799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an Automobile Adulteration Indicator System","authors":"O. Olotu, S. Isehunwa","doi":"10.2118/217150-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/217150-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Automobile users in the city are battling a serious problem these days with adulteration of Fuel. With an increased number of petrol pumps dispensing ‘unfit’ fuel, ‘dirty fuel’, consumers complain that vehicles are now faced with a range of glitches including poor ignition, reduced mileage and even jammed engines. Apart from causing inconvenience, this has also added to the maintenance cost of automobiles, say users, with the price of spare parts, especially engines skyrocketing by the day. Adulterated petroleum products in automobiles contributes to auto malfunctions, urban air pollution, health hazards and has continued to increase in Nigeria due to scarcity of products. Laboratory analyses normally conducted by regulatory agencies and some end - users for routine assurance of the petroleum products are not competent enough to address the issue.\u0000 To effectively technically detect petroleum products adulteration in an automobile at real-time with the use of an indicator system on the dash board of the automobile, the technology of an electronic device, adulterate meter is being incorporated. The said indication system having an input are supplied by the ignition system. The design is such that as soon as the fuel sample torches the base of the fuel tank, or a change in chemical composition of fuel purity, an electrical signal, mostly a load cell sensor or a voltage signal is connected to the sensor situated at the base of the fuel tank. The output signals from the detector circuit are conditioned to produce outputs which can be measured with color display and alarm.","PeriodicalId":407977,"journal":{"name":"Day 3 Wed, August 02, 2023","volume":"140 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129016271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Production, Increasing Reserves and Resources; Reviving the Potential of Field A in the Niger Delta Basin","authors":"Y. Dada, F. Zen, S. Aina, P. Vincent, M. Ogofa, E. Adowei, E. Toumelin","doi":"10.2118/217210-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/217210-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Field A is a shallow offshore field, located in the Niger Delta Basin. It is a 2-well field which has an Original Oil In Place (OOIP) of 41 MMSTBO, Estimated Ultimate Recovery of 15.9 MMSTBO, cumulative production of about 50 percent of the EUR. Due to recent suboptimal production from a single completion, a redevelopment effort was thereby initiated, aimed at production optimization, improving the robustness of the new drill opportunity queue for the ongoing new drill development campaign, while increasing resources and reserves by leveraging more recent technology for re-evaluating previously underestimated reservoirs in the field. A detailed Reservoir Characterization (RC) and static modelling efforts concluded for 2 prioritized reservoirs indicated a base case estimate of Current Oil In Place (COIP) of 10.0 MMBO and 11.3 MMBO for reservoirs A and B. A non-rig workover (NRWO) and 2 new drills were identified with potential Estimated Ultimate Recovery of about 6.67 MMBO. A pilot well from one of the proposed new drills is aimed at proving up additional up-dip reserves in stacked reservoir intervals.\u0000 Flat spots, amplitude conformance and structural highs in untested areas present additional resource potential for the field. Early turnover of geophysical results helped in identifying key seismic angle stack to use for interpretation and amplitude analysis. Structural uncertainty away from well control, canyon edge definition in the up-dip limits of the deeper reservoirs, fluid type identification, are key uncertainties and challenges highlighted during this effort. A best practice employed in achieving timely project milestones was by using an iterative workflow approach between the project team members.","PeriodicalId":407977,"journal":{"name":"Day 3 Wed, August 02, 2023","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123498524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Evaluation of the Chemical EOR Potential for Advanced Niger Delta Oil Recovery","authors":"Y. Adeeyo, I. Mohammed, O. Olafuyi, K. Bello, S. Olafuyi","doi":"10.2118/217249-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/217249-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Most of the prolific fields in Niger Delta are increasingly producing water with substantial bypassed oil saturation left unrecovered. The major challenge facing oil and gas industry today is the ability to maximize recovery; reducing the residual oil saturation left trapped after primary and or secondary recovery. Surfactant flooding has been the major process in reducing the interfacial tension between oil and water thereby facilitating the maximum recovery of the residual oil saturation.\u0000 This study involved using reservoir simulation to show the relative merits of surfactant/polymer flooding in a Niger Delta oil reservoir. The target reservoir is a simple geological model. Despite years of water injection there remains high bypassed oil saturation.\u0000 Following nearly two years of water injection and an extensive field polymer injection into wells, the production response to polymer injection was evaluated and discovered to increase.\u0000 The Alkaline-Surfactant-Polymer (ASP) simulation results show a substantial improvement in reservoir performance. The cumulative oil production increased from 120,000m3 using natural enrygy to 1,650,000m3using ASP\u0000 The results of this study will be a major starting point for chemical EOR pilot project in Niger Delta area.","PeriodicalId":407977,"journal":{"name":"Day 3 Wed, August 02, 2023","volume":"30 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113979037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Hydrocarbon Allocation Techniques for Natural Gas Plant Outputs","authors":"S. Kanshio, P. Lekia","doi":"10.2118/217216-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/217216-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Hydrocarbon commingling and the utilization of shared production and processing facilities are common practices in the oil and gas industry, serving as economic methods for field development and cost-effective gas monetization. However, the complexity of hydrocarbon commingling presents challenges in achieving accurate, traceable, and equitable allocation. This study explores patented methods, such as the differential and phase behavior model approaches, as well as established techniques like simple proportional and process modeling. Additionally, the newly developed compositional mass balance allocation method is investigated and compared against the benchmarked Unisim Utility Method.\u0000 The findings indicate that the phase behavior method exhibits larger allocation deviations, while the differential method tends to over-allocate. The plain allocation method demonstrates a reasonable alignment with the Unisim Utility Method. However, the compositional mass balance method offers precise allocation. This research concludes that the compositional mass balance method serves as a dependable approach for natural gas plant allocation, warranting further consideration as a reference method within the industry.","PeriodicalId":407977,"journal":{"name":"Day 3 Wed, August 02, 2023","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128111849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigative Approaches to Troubleshooting and Remediating Sub-Optimal Gas Lift Performance in a Dual Completion Well","authors":"Obembe Akinola, Fagbowore Olufisayo, Adowei Ebikeme, Taiwo Olumide, Oragwu Aluba, Chukwuka Clement","doi":"10.2118/217153-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/217153-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Gas lift is said to be one of the most forgiving forms of artificial lift techniques because even a poorly designed gas lift system will lead to some production of fluids. As a result, the tendency exists for Production Engineers to pay little attention to designing and maintaining optimal gas lift systems. Some unique considerations are required for a dual gas lift system where both strings in a dual completion are on gas lift. Using a case study, this paper highlights key investigative questions and assessments to understand the individual well string performances, assess optimal contribution of both strings and optimal distribution of the injected gas. This paper focuses on the gas lift optimization on Well-AX SS which experienced production decline from about 1,000 BOPD to 40 BOPD.\u0000 The highlights of the methods employed involved investigating for communication between strings, identifying the string with highest production potential, determining optimal gas lift valve depth, and ensuring no surface network bottleneck exists. With industry emphasis on low-cost oil, it has become critical to minimize the Operating Expense (OPEX) by ensuring optimal gas lift injection into wells. After investigation and assessment of the production potential and the gas lift injection status, the gas lift injection was redesigned, and optimal gas lift design recommended. The work-over executed involved isolating the source of communication, shutting in the completion with lower potential and optimizing the gas lift system of the more productive string. This work-over led to an increase in production of 850 BOPD.\u0000 One of the key challenges to optimal gas lift is accurate gas measurement and understanding the split of gas between each string in a dual completion. Lessons learned from this assessment include obtaining robust and recent surveillance data for well performance assessment and thorough evaluation of production strings to ascertain the injection depth of gas lift gas.","PeriodicalId":407977,"journal":{"name":"Day 3 Wed, August 02, 2023","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134042297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}