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Cyberdomænet i Ukrainekrigen: et udvidet kamprum med proxyaktører, eskalationsstiger og fjendemærkater
Filosofia Politica Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.7146/politica.v55i1.135827
André Ken Jakobsson, L. Nielsen
{"title":"Cyberdomænet i Ukrainekrigen: et udvidet kamprum med proxyaktører, eskalationsstiger og fjendemærkater","authors":"André Ken Jakobsson, L. Nielsen","doi":"10.7146/politica.v55i1.135827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/politica.v55i1.135827","url":null,"abstract":"Ruslands invasion af Ukraine indvarsler en ny æra af konflikt mellem teknologisk avancerede stater, hvor det fysiske domænes konventionelle krig smelter sammen med krigsførelse i cyberdomænet. Ukrainekrigens unikke karakter er kendetegnet ved et udvidet kamprum, hvor den militære logik trænger ind i den civile sfære og skaber nye konfliktrelationer på tværs af offentlige og private skillelinjer. På denne baggrund udforsker artiklen, hvordan Ukrainekrigens udvikling informerer tre af cyberdomænets kernespørgsmål. Første spørgsmål handler om relationen mellem staten og ikkestatslige aktører med et fokus på brugen af cyberproxyer i krigen under inddragelse af Ukraines it-hær. Andet spørgsmål handler om afskrækkelse og eskalering af konflikten gennem cyberdomænets eskalationsstiger og -tærskler, der angår strategisk signalering og udvides med eskalationsgitteret. Tredje spørgsmål omhandler attribuering, der er en politisk højspændt affære, hvor aktøren bag cyberoperationer påsættes et fjendemærkat. Artiklen konkluderer på, hvordan de hidtidige erfaringer fra krigen kan informere brugen af cyberdomænet i fremtidens konflikter.","PeriodicalId":40761,"journal":{"name":"Filosofia Politica","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80375291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How Russia’s war strengthens the West 俄罗斯的战争如何强化了西方
Filosofia Politica Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.7146/politica.v55i1.135833
Henrik Larsen
{"title":"How Russia’s war strengthens the West","authors":"Henrik Larsen","doi":"10.7146/politica.v55i1.135833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/politica.v55i1.135833","url":null,"abstract":"This article highlights three key areas of Western adaptation to Russia’s war against Ukraine with advice for how to optimize them going forward. First is the immediate strengthening of NATO’s conventional defense against Russia, whose sustainability will depend on European contributions, as the US increasingly will focus on Asia. Second is the preservation of joint resilience against both Russia and China, in which NATO should stick to the narrow military areas and the EU to the broader civilian areas. Third is the question of Ukraine as part of the West, where the former’s poor reform record and the latter’s unwillingness to intervene militarily on its behalf draw the realistic scenario of the country’s continued association.","PeriodicalId":40761,"journal":{"name":"Filosofia Politica","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85714899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The recalibration of the Russian military to a war of attrition 俄罗斯军队重新调整为消耗战
Filosofia Politica Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.7146/politica.v55i1.135834
M. Gjerstad
{"title":"The recalibration of the Russian military to a war of attrition","authors":"M. Gjerstad","doi":"10.7146/politica.v55i1.135834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/politica.v55i1.135834","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides an overview of Russia’s military capabilities in light of the war in Ukraine and what adaptations the Russian military has made in connection with the mobilization on 21 September 2022. This is examined by highlighting the military theoretical assumptions regarding the conduct of operations prior to the invasion, and how the adjustment to a war of attrition breaks with these previous military theoretical assumptions. The main question examined in the article is what significance this adaptation of the Russian military has in relation to the future of Russian military power and its ambitions for a Russian-led international order.","PeriodicalId":40761,"journal":{"name":"Filosofia Politica","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74779867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Russia’s war in Ukraine: A world order under transformation? 俄罗斯对乌克兰的战争:正在转型的世界秩序?
Filosofia Politica Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.7146/politica.v55i1.135830
Trine Flockhart
{"title":"Russia’s war in Ukraine: A world order under transformation?","authors":"Trine Flockhart","doi":"10.7146/politica.v55i1.135830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/politica.v55i1.135830","url":null,"abstract":"The article outlines processes of order transformation in light of Russia’s war in Ukraine. The article argues that transformation is taking place at three levels of ordering conceptualized as the global order level, the international order level, and the national order level. The article shows that transformation is currently taking place at all three levels: in the ideational foundations of the global rules-based order; in the number of ordering entities at the international order level as the Russian-led Eurasian order and the Chinese-led Belt-and-Road order consolidate; and at the national order level through the emergence of right-wing populism. The article demonstrates the importance of paying attention to all three levels, and that Putin’s ambition for a viable Eurasian order probably is unlikely to be met, but that this is not necessarily cause for optimism about the coming world order.","PeriodicalId":40761,"journal":{"name":"Filosofia Politica","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83478731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Ukraine and the end of civilian innocence 乌克兰和平民无辜的终结
Filosofia Politica Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.7146/politica.v55i1.135836
Karen L. Petersen
{"title":"Ukraine and the end of civilian innocence","authors":"Karen L. Petersen","doi":"10.7146/politica.v55i1.135836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/politica.v55i1.135836","url":null,"abstract":"Several US think tanks and newspapers have described the current security situation in Ukraine as marking a new world order – a post-post Cold War – in which Russia and China have entered the scene as major powers, and where the EU’s internal power relations are consolidated and strengthened. However, the description of this new reality of great power rivalry is only part of the picture that emerges. The fact of the matter is that our ideas about how to combat threats and who is responsible for this fight have fundamentally changed. Today’s geopolitics are not only fought by states, within the framework of diplomacy and military institutions, but also by Danish and other Western companies. This article examines what characterizes the role of Danish companies in Danish security politics and what this development means for our understanding of security politics in the coming years.","PeriodicalId":40761,"journal":{"name":"Filosofia Politica","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77044414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Omstillingen af det russiske militær til nedslidningskrig
Filosofia Politica Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.7146/politica.v55i1.135826
Michael Gjerstad
{"title":"Omstillingen af det russiske militær til nedslidningskrig","authors":"Michael Gjerstad","doi":"10.7146/politica.v55i1.135826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/politica.v55i1.135826","url":null,"abstract":"Denne artikel vil give et overblik over Ruslands militære kapabiliteter set i lyset af krigen i Ukraine, og hvilke tilpasninger det russiske militær har foretaget i forbindelse med mobiliseringen den 21. september 2022. Dette bliver undersøgt ved at fremhæve de militærteoretiske antagelser vedrørende operationers gennemførelse før invasionen og undersøge, hvordan omstillingen til nedslidningskrig bryder med disse tidligere militærteoretiske antagelser, som det russiske militær var indrettet efter. Hovedspørgsmålet, som denne artikel vil undersøge, er, hvilken betydning omstillingen af det russiske militær har i forhold til fremtidens russiske militærmagt og dets ambitioner om en russisk ledet international orden.","PeriodicalId":40761,"journal":{"name":"Filosofia Politica","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85802934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Den russiske verdensorden før og efter Ukrainekrigen
Filosofia Politica Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.7146/politica.v55i1.135824
F. Hansen
{"title":"Den russiske verdensorden før og efter Ukrainekrigen","authors":"F. Hansen","doi":"10.7146/politica.v55i1.135824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/politica.v55i1.135824","url":null,"abstract":"Den politiske debat i Rusland har i mange år haft et element om en kommende verdensorden. Der har generelt været enighed om, at tilstanden efter ophøret af den kolde krig var uholdbar, og at noget andet og mere blivende ville erstatte den påståede USA-ledede orden. Denne debat er blevet mere akut efter Ruslands invasion af Ukraine den 24. februar 2022. Ruslands præsident Vladimir Putin har efter invasionen rakt ud til især Det globale Syd, og han har ved en række lejlig-heder talt om en ny og mere demokratisk, inkluderende og respektfuld orden. Det er dog vanskeligt at vurdere, i hvilken udstrækning hans løfter skyldes behovet for at skabe nye alliancer, og hvor megen reel vilje der er i Moskva til at reformere fx FN-systemet og lade lande fra Det globale Syd få mere indflydelse.","PeriodicalId":40761,"journal":{"name":"Filosofia Politica","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78154622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hvordan Ruslands krig styrker Vesten
Filosofia Politica Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.7146/politica.v55i1.135838
H. Larsen
{"title":"Hvordan Ruslands krig styrker Vesten","authors":"H. Larsen","doi":"10.7146/politica.v55i1.135838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/politica.v55i1.135838","url":null,"abstract":"Denne artikel fremhæver tre nøgleaspekter af den vestlige tilpasning til Ruslands krig mod Ukraine og giver bud på, hvordan de fælles politikker kan optimeres fremover. Det første er den forestående styrkelse af NATOs konventionelle forsvar mod Rusland, hvis bæredygtighed imidlertid vil afhænge af europæiske bidrag, efterhånden som USA fokuserer mere på Asien. Det andet er bevarelsen af den fælles robusthed over for både Rusland og Kina, hvor NATO bør holde sig til det snævre militære aspekt, og EU til det bredere civile aspekt. Det tredje er spørgsmålet om Ukraine som en del af Vesten, hvor førstnævntes ringe reformfremskridt og sidstnævntes manglende vilje til at intervenere militært tegner det realistiske scenarie af landets fortsatte associering med Vesten.","PeriodicalId":40761,"journal":{"name":"Filosofia Politica","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87424134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The alliance between China and Russia and the rivalry between China and the USA in light of the war in Ukraine 中国和俄罗斯之间的联盟以及中国和美国在乌克兰战争中的竞争
Filosofia Politica Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.7146/politica.v55i1.135832
Li Xing
{"title":"The alliance between China and Russia and the rivalry between China and the USA in light of the war in Ukraine","authors":"Li Xing","doi":"10.7146/politica.v55i1.135832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/politica.v55i1.135832","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to explain and analyze the complexity of the Ukraine War by scrutinizing two important factors – the China-Russia alliance and the China-US rivalry. The article demonstrates that these two factors and their interconnections largely determine the nature and trend of the developing world order. Beijing’s position on the Ukraine War reflects its strategic calculations through the lens of great power rivalry between itself and Washington. The China-Russia alliance is a utility, and the Ukraine War is a good situation for Beijing and Russia to promote a new international security architecture that is not dominated by the West. The article concludes that Russia’s war in Ukraine combined with the China-US rivalry and decoupling is propelling the return of conventional geopolitical competition and division. The fact that the world is divided over these events shows that we may be heading towards a multi-order world.","PeriodicalId":40761,"journal":{"name":"Filosofia Politica","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74655857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The cyber domain in the Ukraine War: A developed battlespace with proxy actors, escalation ladders and enemy labels 乌克兰战争中的网络领域:一个拥有代理角色、升级阶梯和敌人标签的发达战场
Filosofia Politica Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.7146/politica.v55i1.135835
A. Jakobsson, L. Nielsen
{"title":"The cyber domain in the Ukraine War: A developed battlespace with proxy actors, escalation ladders and enemy labels","authors":"A. Jakobsson, L. Nielsen","doi":"10.7146/politica.v55i1.135835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/politica.v55i1.135835","url":null,"abstract":"Russia’s invasion of Ukraine ushers in a new era of conflict between technologically advanced states, where conventional war in the physical domain merges with warfare in the cyber domain. The unique character of the war in Ukraine is characterized by an expanded battle space, where the military logic penetrates the civilian sphere and creates new conflictual relations across public and private spaces. Against this background, the article explores how the evolution of the Ukraine war informs three core questions of the cyber domain. The first question regards the relationship between the state and non-state actors, with an emphasis on the use of cyber proxies in the war focusing on Ukraine’s IT army. The second question regards deterrence and escalation of the conflict through the cyber domain’s escalation ladder and strategic signaling, which is expanded upon through an escalation grid. The third question concerns attribution, which is a politically charged affair where the actor behind cyber operations is labeled an adversary. The article concludes on how these preliminary experiences from the war can inform use of the cyber domain in future conflicts.","PeriodicalId":40761,"journal":{"name":"Filosofia Politica","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83173888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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