Polymer Degradation and Stability最新文献

{"title":"Preparation and fire prevention performance analysis of MOF hydrogel from waste inspired by the natural flame-retardant properties of pineapple peel","authors":"Gang Zhou ,&nbsp;Hongrui Qu ,&nbsp;Shuo Lu ,&nbsp;Yueying Xin ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Baolong Guo ,&nbsp;Shu Li ,&nbsp;Shengying Zhang ,&nbsp;Qunzhi Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To achieve the dual objectives of waste resource reutilization and coal fire prevention, this study was inspired by the natural flame-retardant properties of pineapple peel, and cellulose nanofibers (CNF) were extracted from discarded pineapple peel as the polymer matrix. The metal-organic framework NH₂-MIL-53(Al) was synthesized via a solvothermal method, and carboxylated ferric acetylacetonate was covalently grafted onto its surface. Subsequently, an in-situ polymerization and crosslinking strategy was employed to grow MOF crystals within the CNF/PVA hydrogel network, resulting in the fabrication of Fe(acac)₃-NH₂-MIL-53(Al)-CNF/PVA composite hydrogel (FNMCP) with excellent structural stability and functional responsiveness. The experimental results showed that the materials exhibited optimal water absorption and retention properties when the mass ratio of CNF to PVA was 1:5 and 4 wt% of Fe(acac)₃-NH₂-MIL-53(Al) was added. Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses confirmed that the materials were successfully graft-copolymerized. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation revealed that the MOF crystals grew uniformly within the hydrogel's porous structure, forming a stable composite system. Flame retardancy tests and cone calorimetry experiments demonstrated that the material effectively inhibited the oxidative combustion process of coal, reducing the peak heat release rate, total heat release, and effective heat of combustion by 53.4 %, 39.8 %, and 48.9 %, respectively, while achieving a maximum smoke suppression efficiency of 70.6 %. Furthermore, Density functional theory indicates that the hydrogel improves coal surface wettability, thereby effectively terminating the chain reaction and exhibiting outstanding flame-retardant capability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 111585"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144781273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of metal-polyphenol hybrid interfacial engineering and flocculation assembly strategy to boost the fire retardancy and smoke/toxicity suppression of polyurethane foam","authors":"Jiayan Zhang ,&nbsp;Haibo Zhao ,&nbsp;Zihao Wang ,&nbsp;Bowen Liu ,&nbsp;Furong Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111587","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111587","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the inherent flammability and asphyxiation of smoke and toxic gases, developing a uniformly dense barrier coating is a highly effective method to enhance the fire safety of lightweight foam. In this paper, an intact hybrid nanofibers (SEP@TAC) coated flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) with exceptional flame retardancy, smoke suppression, reduced toxicity and mechanical properties is achieved by the combination of metal-polyphenol complex hybrid self-assembly and a one-step flocculation coating strategy. Motivated by multiple interactions, nanoscale tannin-iron assembled orderly along sepiolite nanofibers, forming the hybrid rods with wolf tooth stick like shape, which then flocculated on the substrate at intended mass. The radical scavenging, gas dilution, catalytic conversion, and physical barrier effects of SEP@TAC synergistically reduced the heat release rate (-69.9 %), smoke density (-93.9 %) and toxicity generation while maintaining comparable mechanical resilience and enhancing strength. This work addresses smoke toxicity issues in flammable materials and offers insights for developing new functional hybrid flame retardant materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 111587"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144772126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On-demand configuration of poly(L-lactic acid) monofilaments with degradation rate and mechanical performance for implanted medical devices","authors":"Bin Wang ,&nbsp;Xue Hu ,&nbsp;Yuhan Cao ,&nbsp;Gensheng Wu ,&nbsp;Bin Gu ,&nbsp;Aihua Yao ,&nbsp;Jie Cheng ,&nbsp;Zhonghua Ni ,&nbsp;Gutian Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-performance Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) monofilaments, created through orientation forming processes (OFP), are increasingly used in the clinical application of biodegradable implanted medical devices. Their performance is crucial for the functionality of these devices, as they gradually replace traditional metal devices in dynamic repair scenarios. However, it remains difficult to achieve the necessary mechanical properties and degradation rates for PLLA monofilaments that align with patient demands, which hinder the development of PLLA-based devices. Herein, three types of high-performance PLLA monofilaments are prepared using OFP for use in the medical devices. In situ temperature wide-angle X-ray scattering analysis reveals that 100 °C is an appropriate shaped temperature for effective crystal growth. The mechanical properties and microstructures are monitored during in vitro accelerated degradation. Crucially, the development of a fibrillated morphology during OFP is identified as the key factor governing distinct degradation behaviors. These findings indicate that controlling fibrillation allows for the customized design of PLLA monofilaments with differentiated mechanical properties and degradation rates tailored to various clinical demands. Furthermore, the method links degradation rate to mechanical performance mapping M_nt/M_n0, providing a quantitative basis for assessing the safe service life of medical devices. A comprehensive analysis incorporating fibrillation-mediated degradation mechanisms can facilitate dynamic coordination between performance and patient demands, thereby accelerating clinical transition in biodegradable implanted medical devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 111580"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144781271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insight into the foaming behavior and mechanism of chain–extended PBAT nanocellular foams regulated by heterogeneous interfaces","authors":"Yuyuan Fan ,&nbsp;Ruijing Meng ,&nbsp;Hui Ma ,&nbsp;Hongfu Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiangdong Wang ,&nbsp;Linyan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111582","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111582","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biodegradable polymer nanocellular foams have attracted considerable attention because of their inherent green nature, low weight, and excellent thermal insulation properties. Herein, we prepared a semicrystalline biodegradable chain–extended poly(butylene adipate–co–terephthalate) (PBAT) nanocellular foam with a high volume expansion ratio (VER). PBAT was chain extended by ethylene–acrylic ester–glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer (EAGM) and then the resultant modified PBAT was foamed using a green, simple, and efficient supercritical carbon dioxide (CO₂) solid–phase foaming technique to prepare nanocellular foam. Density functional theory was employed to construct different heterogeneous structure models, thereby enabling quantitative analysis of local density of CO₂, bubble nucleation morphology, and related parameters around different heterogeneous interfaces. The theoretical results demonstrated that, among these heterogeneous structures, the acrylate chain segment in EAGM exhibited the smallest bubble nucleation size (0.8 nm) and the lowest nucleation energy barrier (0.28), making it the most favorable for bubble nucleation. The experimental results illustrated that the prepared PBAT nanocellular foam exhibited a highest VER of 3.12 ± 0.03. The structural characteristic contributed to low thermal conductivity (0.0887 W/(m·K)) of the PBAT nanocellular foam, evidencing its excellent thermal insulation properties. Both EAGM content and foaming temperature can be regulated to achieve the transition of PBAT micro–nanocellular foams. These findings offer insights and approaches for utilizing PBAT nanocellular foams in high–performance material applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 111582"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144758053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review: chemical recycling of fiber reinforced polymer composites in wind turbine blade waste","authors":"Quanming Ren ,&nbsp;Lin Ma ,&nbsp;Yijie Li ,&nbsp;Wei Lu ,&nbsp;Jingcheng Hao ,&nbsp;Bo Han ,&nbsp;Qingsong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large quantities of turbine blades will be discarded in the future due to their finite lifespan and the large-scale equipment replacement. However, recycling fiber reinforced polymer composites (FRPC) from wind turbine blade waste (WTBW) poses significant challenges. Chemical recycling is a promising method among various degradation techniques available. Using various solvents and catalysts, chemical recycling offers multiple reaction pathways for the efficient degradation of resin and high-value recovery of fibers. Therefore, to furnish a theoretical foundation and reference for future study on the degradation of WTBW, this review summarizes various chemical recycling processes utilized in the past. Furthermore, this review thoroughly analyzes the degradation mechanism, the correlation between reaction conditions and degradation efficiency, as well as the properties of degradation products and recovered fibers. Lastly, the review objectively evaluates the feasibility of various chemical recycling methods. This review not only offers a scientific framework for experimental design, but also establishes a crucial basis for optimizing the degradation process and promoting the sustainability of wind turbine blades.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 111576"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144781274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing the pyrolysis mechanisms of cured epoxy resin in waste thermoset composites by using experiments and ReaxFF-MD simulation","authors":"Ming-xin Xu,&nbsp;Yi-ye Lu,&nbsp;Wei-wei Chen,&nbsp;Ya-chang Wu,&nbsp;Qing Lu,&nbsp;Qiang Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The disposal of waste epoxy resin-based composites is a significant global environmental challenge, with the decomposition of the epoxy resin matrix being the bottleneck. Pyrolysis is regarded as one of the most promising technologies for recycling these composites, while complex secondary reactions limit the yields of high-value pyrolysis products. In this study, the pyrolysis mechanisms of cured epoxy resin were investigated through the combination of thermogravimetry-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR), rapid pyrolysis experiments, and reactive force field molecular dynamics (ReaxFF-MD) simulations. The results revealed that the depolymerization of cured epoxy resin was initiated by the cleavage of C<img>O bonds, leading to the formation of heavy pyrolysis oil. Secondary cleavage of C<img>C bonds in heavy oil subsequently generated light oil, accompanied by the migration of oxygen atoms into the gas phase. Meanwhile, hydrogen radicals, methyl radicals, and hydroxyl groups were produced, promoting the formation of pyrolysis gas via intermolecular and intramolecular dehydrogenation, methyl hydrogenation, and the dissociation of C<img>C-O or C<img>C=O structures, respectively. Furthermore, aromatic-rich heavy pyrolysis oil containing crosslinked C<img>N bonds underwent hydrogenation to generate cycloalkanes, initiating the formation of nascent carbon nuclei, which subsequently transformed into thermodynamically sTable 6-M rings through dehydrogenation and reorganization reactions, ultimately yielding pyrolysis char with an ordered and graphitized morphology. These findings provide theoretical insights for optimizing and advancing the pyrolysis recovery of waste thermoset composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 111578"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144781270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Unveiling deep-sea biodegradation of microbially produced lactate-based polyester (LAHB) via plastisphere metagenomics and metatranscriptomics” [Polymer Degradation and Stability 240 (2025) 111527]","authors":"Shun’ichi Ishii ,&nbsp;Sangho Koh ,&nbsp;Miwa Suzuki ,&nbsp;Ken-ichi Kasuya ,&nbsp;Seiichi Taguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111568","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 111568"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144722230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The pyrolysis of polyvinyl chloride: Kinetic study and product evolution","authors":"Jiayou Sun ,&nbsp;Xue Zhao ,&nbsp;Ming Dong ,&nbsp;Yong Wang ,&nbsp;Wen Chen ,&nbsp;Jie Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the thermal decomposition kinetics and mechanisms of Polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Kinetic parameters were determined using model-free methods, including Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), as well as the model-fitting Coats-Redfern (CR) method. PVC was dehydrochlorinated in a fixed-bed reactor at 300–450 °C, followed by pyrolysis at 550 °C using pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (PY-GC/MS). In fixed-bed experiments, gaseous products and chlorine-containing species were characterized using a gas chromatograph equipped with thermal conductivity and flame ionization detectors (GC-TCD/FID), and oxygen bomb combustion-ion chromatography (OBC-IC). The structural evolution of char was examined through elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The raw PVC was also pyrolyzed with Py-GC/MS at 300–550 °C to elucidate the reaction mechanism. Results revealed a two-stage thermal decomposition pathway for PVC, with the activation energy for the first stage (131.477 kJ·mol⁻¹) was notably lower than that of the second stage (199.409 kJ·mol⁻¹), indicating that defect structures initiate dehydrochlorination. At lower temperatures during fast pyrolysis, raw PVC undergoes dehydrochlorination, releasing HCl and forming short-chain conjugated polyenes. As temperature increases, the dehydrochlorination rate accelerates, forming longer conjugated polyene chains that rapidly cyclize and aromatize into bicyclic and tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In contrast, the two-stage process, comprising low-temperature dehydrochlorination in a fixed-bed reactor followed by pyrolysis via PY-GC/MS, facilitates the development of a more extensively crosslinked structure during the initial stage. Upon subsequent thermal treatment, the crosslinked network undergoes further cracking and structural rearrangement, forming aliphatic hydrocarbons and more polycyclic aromatic compounds, particularly tetracyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 111577"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144750391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in yields of CO2 and OH groups in PADC during low temperature annealing following irradiation with protons and C ions","authors":"Tamon Kusumoto ,&nbsp;Yvette Ngono ,&nbsp;Vincent Pacary ,&nbsp;Quentin Raffy ,&nbsp;Catherine Galindo ,&nbsp;Philippe Peaupardin ,&nbsp;Dominique Muller ,&nbsp;Tomoya Yamauchi ,&nbsp;Masato Kanasaki ,&nbsp;Satoshi Kodaira","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>FT-IR spectrometric studies have been performed to unveil the role of molecular and radical mobility in degradation of poly allyl diglycol carbonate (PADC) under C ions and protons. At low temperatures (16 K for C ions, and 23 K for protons), damage to typical functional groups in PADC are suppressed, compared to that at room temperature (RT). Degradation progresses gradually, as temperature increases through annealing after the irradiation at low temperatures. Parallelly, changes in molar densities of OH groups and CO₂ formed are evaluated. The generation of OH groups is completely suppressed during the irradiation at the low temperatures. Both at RT and low temperatures, the CO₂ molar density increases linearly with increasing fluence. However, yields are not comparable; due to CO₂ diffusion as gas at RT. Changes in the molar densities of OH groups and CO₂ have been observed during the annealing, indicating the importance of radical and molecular mobility for the formation of OH groups and CO₂.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 111575"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144750392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving fire safety in bio-based polyamide 510/6/DT with ultra-efficient reactive flame retardants","authors":"Xintao Ma ,&nbsp;Haoyu Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaoqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Jing Xia ,&nbsp;Chenglin Wang ,&nbsp;Dongying Gong ,&nbsp;Na Lin ,&nbsp;Zihao Liu ,&nbsp;Hao Liu ,&nbsp;Suqin He ,&nbsp;Miaoming Huang ,&nbsp;Wanlin Xu ,&nbsp;Wentao Liu ,&nbsp;Chengshen Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The escalating complexity of industrial applications, coupled with the growing imperative for energy efficiency and environmental safety, highlights the need for the development of multifunctional, bio-based polyamide materials. In this work, we report the synthesis of a novel bio-based polyamide (PA510/6/DT), characterized by exceptional flame retardancy, high transparency, and superior UV resistance. This material is synthesized via the copolymerization of bio-based pentylenediamine, sebacic acid, caprolactam, and 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole (DT), DT acts as an ultra-efficient flame retardant and endowing PA510/6/DT with powerful flame-retardant properties. The resultant PA510/6/DT demonstrates a V-0 rating in the UL 94 test and exhibits significantly reduced smoke production upon combustion, ensuring enhanced fire safety. Notably, the incorporation of DT not only preserves the inherent mechanical integrity of the polyamide matrix but also imparts excellent UV shielding and maintains high transparency, addressing compatibility challenges commonly encountered with traditional flame retardants. Non-isoconversional kinetic analysis reveals that pyrolysis follows an interfacial reaction-controlled mechanism (R3 contracting sphere model), validated by high activation energies and char-layer formation. Furthermore, PA510/6/DT exhibits remarkable mechanical strength and exceptional thermal stability, making it a promising candidate for high-performance applications in fields requiring concurrent flame retardancy, optical clarity, UV protection, and environmental sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 111579"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144758052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}