Polymer Degradation and Stability最新文献

A fully bio-based intumescent flame retardant for enhancing the flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties of wood flour polypropylene composites 用于增强木粉聚丙烯复合材料阻燃性和抑烟性能的全生物基膨胀型阻燃剂

IF 6.3 2区化学

Polymer Degradation and Stability Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111072

Jinghang Zhu , Yiqun Fang , Ruofan Yang , Yiqing Fu , Guoqing Li , Xiaoyan Bai , Weihong Wang , Yongming Song , Qingwen Wang

{"title":"A fully bio-based intumescent flame retardant for enhancing the flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties of wood flour polypropylene composites","authors":"Jinghang Zhu , Yiqun Fang , Ruofan Yang , Yiqing Fu , Guoqing Li , Xiaoyan Bai , Weihong Wang , Yongming Song , Qingwen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a fully bio-based intumescent flame retardant, phytic acid vanillin arginine salt (VR-PA), was designed and synthesized by l-arginine (AR) and vanillin (VA) via a Schiff base reaction, followed by the introduction of phytic acid (PA) using electrostatic ionic interactions. The intumescent flame retardant, VR-PA, was incorporated into wood flour polypropylene composites (WFPP) to enhance their flame retardant and smoke suppression properties. Compared to pure WF, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of WFPP with 20 wt% VR-PA increased to 28.2 %, while the peak heat release rate and total heat release were reduced by 35.4 % and 20.6 %, respectively. Additionally, the WF with 15 wt% VR-PA exhibited the greatest reduction in total smoke production, with a significant decrease of 42.1 %. The improved flame retardant and smoke suppression performance of the WF is attributed to the free radical trapping effect of VR-PA in the gas phase during the combustion process, as well as the formation of an expanded and continuous carbon layer during in the condensed phase. This study provides a green method to enhance the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of WFPP composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 111072"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A comparison of the effect of oxygen partial pressure on microstructural evolution of PAN fibers during industrial carbon fiber production line at different altitudes 在不同海拔高度的工业碳纤维生产线上比较氧分压对 PAN 纤维微观结构演变的影响

IF 6.3 2区化学

Polymer Degradation and Stability Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111082

Hongqiang Zhu , Qiufei Chen , Hamza Malik , Yuhang Wang , Jian He , Bomou Ma , Xueli Wang , Hui Zhang , Yong Liu , Jianyong Yu

{"title":"A comparison of the effect of oxygen partial pressure on microstructural evolution of PAN fibers during industrial carbon fiber production line at different altitudes","authors":"Hongqiang Zhu , Qiufei Chen , Hamza Malik , Yuhang Wang , Jian He , Bomou Ma , Xueli Wang , Hui Zhang , Yong Liu , Jianyong Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding and regulating the oxidative stabilization behavior of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor fibers are critical subjects of high-performance carbon fiber production technologies. Here, we performed continuous stabilization and carbonization of PAN fibers at industrial carbon fiber production lines in different locales (different oxygen partial pressure in atmosphere), and investigated the microstructural evolution of the fibers with a systematically analysis at different stages. Influence of oxygen partial pressure in oxidative stabilization atmosphere on tensile modulus of the obtained carbon fibers was obvious. Oxygen diffused into PAN fibers during oxidative stabilization, more homogeneous and crosslinked structures generated under higher oxygen partial pressure atmosphere, and gave the stabilized fibers lower skin-core ratio. The graphite layers gradually generated in the subsequent carbonization stages, and the gathered graphite layers transformed into graphite microcrystalline, the wide-angle x-ray diffraction (WAXD) demonstrated that higher oxygen partial pressure conditions contributed to the generation of higher crystallite preferred orientation and bigger crystallite size, Raman spectroscopy also confirmed the obtained carbon fibers with higher oxygen partial pressure conditions possessed more ordered graphite structures. Thus, relatively higher oxygen partial pressure in air gave the stabilized fibers more crosslinked structures, and contributed to the formation of high-performance carbon fibers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 111082"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fire-safe and mechanically robust polycarbonate composite enabled by novel copolymerization/macromolecular blending strategy 通过新型共聚/大分子混合策略实现防火安全、机械坚固的聚碳酸酯复合材料

IF 6.3 2区化学

Polymer Degradation and Stability Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111056

Tong-Yu Bai, Xiang-Xin Xiao, Guan-Qi Zheng, Qin Zhang, Zi-Ni Wang, Li Chen, Bo-Wen Liu, Yu-Zhong Wang

{"title":"Fire-safe and mechanically robust polycarbonate composite enabled by novel copolymerization/macromolecular blending strategy","authors":"Tong-Yu Bai, Xiang-Xin Xiao, Guan-Qi Zheng, Qin Zhang, Zi-Ni Wang, Li Chen, Bo-Wen Liu, Yu-Zhong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polycarbonate is a widely used engineering plastic material, but its limited flame retardancy has restricted its application in high-end fields such as aviation and railways. In this study, we propose a novel copolymerization/macromolecular blending strategy to produce a high-performance, fire-safe polycarbonate composite. By copolymerizing with polydimethylsiloxane oligomer and blending with macromolecular polyarylate, the resulting PC-BPDMS<sub>5</sub>/PITR successfully achieved a UL-94 V-0 rating and a high limiting oxygen index value of 34.2 %. The peak heat release and total smoke release were significantly reduced by 45.2 % and 27.4 %, respectively, compared to pure PC. SEM, Raman, and XPS analyses confirmed the condensed-phase dominated flame-retardant mechanism, attributed to the char-forming ability of the polyarylate and polydimethylsiloxane segments. Polydimethylsiloxane segments can decompose to produce small molecules such as methane, and the left structure with silicon, which undergo cross-linking reactions with the substrate during combustion to promote char formation. The polyaromatic ring structure of PITR can also participate in the formation of a dense and stable char layer. The excellent compatibility between the polyarylate and the PC matrix, combined with the superior flexibility of polydimethylsiloxane, allowed the composite to maintain mechanical properties comparable to pure PC. Additionally, the increased molar volume resulted in a low dielectric constant for PC-BPDMS<sub>5</sub>/PITR. This work presents a promising approach for the development of high-performance polycarbonate composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 111056"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distinct photooxidation and interface degradation of waterborne epoxy resin coatings on mortar substrate affected by bulk water 砂浆基材上的水性环氧树脂涂料受散装水影响的光氧化和界面降解特征

IF 6.3 2区化学

Polymer Degradation and Stability Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111079

Yuqing Dai , Rongjia Wen , Chunyan Zhao , Ahmed Al-Mansour , Chengji Xu , Le Li , Qiang Zeng , Kefei Li , Qinghua Li , Shilang Xu

{"title":"Distinct photooxidation and interface degradation of waterborne epoxy resin coatings on mortar substrate affected by bulk water","authors":"Yuqing Dai , Rongjia Wen , Chunyan Zhao , Ahmed Al-Mansour , Chengji Xu , Le Li , Qiang Zeng , Kefei Li , Qinghua Li , Shilang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epoxy-based coatings are widely used in engineering but are prone to degrade under aggressive environmental actions, especially in hygrothermal environments. However, the degradation mechanisms of a coating-substrate system under coupled UV irradiation and bulk water remain insufficiently explored. Herein, we designed three parallel accelerated aging tests, including UV irradiation only, UV/flush, and UV/submerged, on a waterborne epoxy resin (WER) coating on cement mortar substrate. The chemical structure, micro-morphology, and hydrophilicity over aging time were comprehensively characterized by the tests of attenuated total reflectance Fourier transformation infrared spectrometer (ATR-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), image analysis, water contact angle (WCA). Results show that the UV/flush environments induced more micro-pinholes on the WER outer surface than the neat UV photooxidation. The UV/ submerged environment led to a blistering rate over 24% after 60 d's exposure owing to the significant osmotic pressure built between the inner and outer surfaces of the WER coating. Additionally, the physicochemical and microstructure changes to the outer surface of WER also caused the changes of WCA. The osmotic, hydrolysis, and thermal stresses were evaluated to clarify the water-accelerated photooxidation and interface degradation mechanisms. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of epoxy coating degradation mechanisms in response to environmental stressors, and offer insights for enhancing coating performance under varying conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 111079"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flame retardant, transparent, low dielectric and low smoke density EP composites implemented with reactive flame retardants containing P/N/B 使用含 P/N/B 的反应型阻燃剂的阻燃、透明、低介电常数和低烟密度 EP 复合材料

IF 6.3 2区化学

Polymer Degradation and Stability Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111078

Yangwen Mao , Wenbo Wang , Wanyu Huang , Haopeng Cai

{"title":"Flame retardant, transparent, low dielectric and low smoke density EP composites implemented with reactive flame retardants containing P/N/B","authors":"Yangwen Mao , Wenbo Wang , Wanyu Huang , Haopeng Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For the purpose of investigating the modified flame-retardant epoxy resin (FREP) with the low smoke density release during combustion, the flame retardant containing P/N/B elements named DBT was synthesized with the raw materials of 4-Acetylphenylboronic acid, 3,5-diaminotriazole and DOPO. The DBT was added as a co-curing agent to an amine-cured epoxy resin system, and based on the DSC results of the resin, it was revealed that -NH- in the structure of the DBT was capable of facilitating EP curing. With the introduction of DBT, the transparency of FREP samples was slightly affected. On account of the excellent flame retardancy exerted by the DBT in the FREP system, the FREP samples reached the V-0 grade in UL-94 testing with an LOI of 35.9% at 5 wt% DBT addition. Meanwhile, the results of the cone calorimetry test demonstrated that in comparison with the epoxy resin, the PHRR, THR and av-EHC of the EP/DBT7.5 sample decreased by 34.0%, 35.4% and 18.68%, respectively. The DBT was effective in reducing the smoke density of EP, and the EP/DBT7.5 sample attained the HL1 level for D<sub>S</sub> (4) and VOF<sub>4</sub>. The chemical analyses for residual char revealed that DBT was mainly employed for flame retardancy and smoke suppression by forming P/B-containing chars in the condensed phase. There was no loss of mechanical properties of the FREP samples as the rigid groups were present in the DBT structure. Furthermore, it was noted that the FREP samples exhibited a decrease in dielectric loss and dielectric constant as the content increased.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 111078"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vanillin-derived bio-based epoxy resins containing dual dynamic Schiff base and disulfide bonds with reprocessability and degradability 香兰素衍生生物基环氧树脂，含有双重动态希夫碱和二硫键，具有可再加工性和可降解性

IF 6.3 2区化学

Polymer Degradation and Stability Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111077

Kai Dong, Shasha Tang, Di Zhao, Yang Pang, Chengji Zhao

{"title":"Vanillin-derived bio-based epoxy resins containing dual dynamic Schiff base and disulfide bonds with reprocessability and degradability","authors":"Kai Dong, Shasha Tang, Di Zhao, Yang Pang, Chengji Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Incorporating reversible covalent bonds into the crosslinked matrix of bio-based epoxy resins can address the challenges of difficult degradation and sustainable development associated with petroleum-based epoxy resins. However, the dynamic capability conferred by a single dynamic chemical bond proves relatively insufficient in thermosetting polymers. Therefore, we propose a strategy to introduce proportionally adjustable dual dynamic covalent bonds in the bio-based epoxy resin system to leverage the advantages of different dynamic bonds and improve the dynamic properties of the resulting epoxy vitrimers in this study. First, a bio-based epoxy monomer (BVF-EP) derived from vanillin was prepared and cured with a diamine hardener (AFD). Subsequently, vanillin-derived epoxy vitrimers were prepared by varying the stoichiometric ratio of AFD to BVF-EP (<em>R</em> = 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5) without catalysts. Some of the vitrimers showed good thermal stability and excellent reprocessability and degradability. Notably, BVF-EP/AFD (<em>R</em> = 1.5) containing both dynamic reversible covalent bonds of S-S and C=N with the highest crosslink density, exhibited the highest thermal decomposition temperature, highest tensile modulus (7175 MPa), and the shortest stress relaxation time (6 s at 200 ℃). Simultaneously, BVF-EP/AFD (<em>R</em> = 1.5) demonstrated good multiple reprocessing capacity under a pressure of 5 MPa at 140 ℃. It can be completely degraded in two distinct mixed solutions (50 % DMF/50 % <em>β</em>-ME and 50 % 1 M HCl/50 % DMF), offering great potential in recovering high-value carbon fibers from its carbon fiber-reinforced composites. This work advances the development of bio-based epoxy resins with dual dynamic crosslinked networks, providing new insights for the degradation and reprocessing of thermoset polymers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 111077"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oxygen diffusion effects in thermo-oxidative degradation of typical tire rubber 典型轮胎橡胶热氧化降解中的氧扩散效应

IF 6.3 2区化学

Polymer Degradation and Stability Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111074

Xiaorong He, Zhou Zhang, Teng Ren, Xinyan Yue, Shifeng Wang

{"title":"Oxygen diffusion effects in thermo-oxidative degradation of typical tire rubber","authors":"Xiaorong He, Zhou Zhang, Teng Ren, Xinyan Yue, Shifeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermo-oxidative degradation of tire rubber has been demonstrated as a green method for upcycling waste tire rubber. However, the complicated tire compositions present challenges to achieving the homogeneity and efficiency of the reclaimed products, which restricts their widespread industrial adoption. To address this challenge, natural rubber(NR)and natural rubber/butadiene rubber(NR/BR)were innovatively designed to simulate complex tire compositions and investigate the influence of oxygen diffusion on thermo-oxidative degradation at 150–240 °C. The evolution of chemical structural changes and mechanical properties during degradation was traced by FTIR, UV–vis, and nanoindentation test. A basic reactive-diffusion model based on Fickian oxygen diffusion was used to simulate the diffusion profiles. It was found that recrosslinking decreases the oxygen permeability coefficient during NR/BR degradation as the temperature increases, making it difficult for oxygen to diffuse into the inner layer, and therefore tire rubber degrades unevenly. Lower temperatures and prolonged treatment times were recommended to enhance degradation. These findings provide substantial guidance for optimizing the recycling process of tire rubber and its sustainable utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 111074"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing the effect of minimally invasive lipid extraction on parchment integrity by artificial ageing and integrated analytical techniques 通过人工老化和综合分析技术评估微创脂质提取对羊皮纸完整性的影响

IF 6.3 2区化学

Polymer Degradation and Stability Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111076

Marc Vermeulen , Samuel P. Johns , Gwen dePolo , Pedro Maximo Rocha , Matthew J. Collins , Lora Angelova , Mélanie Roffet-Salque

{"title":"Assessing the effect of minimally invasive lipid extraction on parchment integrity by artificial ageing and integrated analytical techniques","authors":"Marc Vermeulen , Samuel P. Johns , Gwen dePolo , Pedro Maximo Rocha , Matthew J. Collins , Lora Angelova , Mélanie Roffet-Salque","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To assess the short and long-term effect of a newly developed minimally invasive lipid extraction method on parchment, sacrificial pieces of parchments were subjected to artificial ageing and investigated using various analytical methods. Lipids were extracted using our novel vacuum-aided extraction method and characterised by high-temperature gas chromatography (HTGC-FID). Lipids were identified as arising from degraded animal fats. The physical, molecular, and mechanical properties of the parchment samples before/after lipid extraction, and before/after ageing were assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and pure shear single notch fracture testing. SEM imaging allowed for an assessment of potential structural changes of the collagen fibres while FTIR was used to investigate the possible molecular changes indicated by changes in amide I and II bands. Mechanical tests were used to record the changes in brittleness and stiffness occurring in the materials through lipid extraction and ageing. The multimodal investigation did not highlight measurable changes in the structural, molecular, and mechanical properties of the lipid-extracted parchment, thus indicating the suitability for the minimally invasive lipid extraction method to be applied to historical parchments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 111076"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Water-induced failure in polymer coatings: Mechanisms, impacts and mitigation strategies—A comprehensive review 聚合物涂层因水引起的失效：机理、影响和缓解策略--综合评述

IF 6.3 2区化学

Polymer Degradation and Stability Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111058

Kazem Sabet-Bokati, Kevin Plucknett

{"title":"Water-induced failure in polymer coatings: Mechanisms, impacts and mitigation strategies—A comprehensive review","authors":"Kazem Sabet-Bokati, Kevin Plucknett","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Among the various strategies implemented to improve the integrity of metallic structures, polymer coatings have emerged as a compelling choice due to their capacity to offer cost-effective and enduring protection. However, humidity is a critical environmental factor that poses a risk to the integrity of polymer coatings, manifesting in dimensional alterations, induced internal stresses, diminished adhesion strength between coating and substrate, microstructural changes, and hydrolytic degradation. Many of these detrimental changes remain concealed until the advanced stages of coating failure. Comprehending the water-induced degradation mechanisms in polymer coatings is crucial for improving their protective effectiveness, ensuring safety and dependability, minimizing economic and environmental impacts, and promoting innovation and regulatory compliance. This study rigorously explores the water-induced failure mechanisms in polymeric coatings, highlighting both visible signs of degradation, such as corrosion, cathodic delamination, and blistering, and less apparent phenomena like hydrolysis, swelling, and plasticization. From the initial stages of water diffusion to the eventual delamination of the coating, diffusion mechanisms and the interaction between water molecules and coating constituents are scrutinized. Moreover, this review explores the distinctive and interrelated impacts of each phenomenon on the integrity of the coating, along with potential mitigation strategies. The review culminates with practical recommendations aimed at bolstering the integrity of coated structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 111058"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vapor-phase protective coatings for polymers: Advances and challenges in ALD and VPI technologies 聚合物气相保护涂层：ALD 和 VPI 技术的进步与挑战

IF 6.3 2区化学

Polymer Degradation and Stability Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111070

Hung-Anh Tran Vu , Minh Nguyen Ngoc , Anh Tuan Pham , Viet Huong Nguyen

{"title":"Vapor-phase protective coatings for polymers: Advances and challenges in ALD and VPI technologies","authors":"Hung-Anh Tran Vu , Minh Nguyen Ngoc , Anh Tuan Pham , Viet Huong Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polymers are widely used in various industries, however, their sensitivity to environmental factors such as moisture, UV radiation, heat, and some organic solvents limits their application. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) and vapor phase infiltration (VPI) are cutting-edge technologies to enhance the protective performance of polymers. ALD is concerned with depositing uniform, pinhole-free thin films with thickness control down to sub-nanometer level, while VPI creates organic-inorganic hybrid structures, further improving polymer stability. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of ALD and VPI for protecting polymers in outdoor applications or advanced technological fields such as lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), and biomedical applications. The mechanisms governing ALD and VPI processes on polymers are discussed, alongside with challenges such as deposition on inert polymers, controllability, and scalability. The potential of various metal oxides by ALD/VPI technologies to expand the use of polymers in harsh environments is particularly highlighted, with an emphasis on future research directions and industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 111070"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0