Transactions of The Optical Society最新文献

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Surveying and navigational instruments from the historical standpoint 从历史的角度来看测量和航海仪器
Transactions of The Optical Society Pub Date : 1923-06-01 DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/24/5/302
L. C. Martin
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引用次数: 2
On the form of the wave-surface of refraction 关于折射波面的形式
Transactions of The Optical Society Pub Date : 1923-04-01 DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/24/4/302
A. Whitwell
{"title":"On the form of the wave-surface of refraction","authors":"A. Whitwell","doi":"10.1088/1475-4878/24/4/302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-4878/24/4/302","url":null,"abstract":"The graphic method used by Prof. R. W. Wood for investigating the wave-surface of reflection is applied to the wave-surface of refraction. A series of wave-surfaces is drawn for each of a number of plane or spherical refracting surfaces, the incident wave being plane or spherical. It is shown that in each series the wave-surfaces are successively of one of the following types: Saucer. Saucer with inturned edges. Closed surface. Goblet. Basin. The forms of these types are briefly described and some properties of the wave-surfaces are discussed.","PeriodicalId":405858,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Optical Society","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1923-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114762751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stereoscopy re-stated 体视学重申
Transactions of The Optical Society Pub Date : 1923-04-01 DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/24/4/303
JAMES WEIR French
{"title":"Stereoscopy re-stated","authors":"JAMES WEIR French","doi":"10.1088/1475-4878/24/4/303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-4878/24/4/303","url":null,"abstract":"While the phenomenon of stereoscopy has been to a limited extent developed in a practical manner, there appears to have been but little actual research work done within recent years, the impression being a general one that the particular field had been already thoroughly explored. If an attempt be made to reproduce the experiments described by Wheatstone in his original paper, in which his great discovery of stereoscopy was published, it will be found that the results are somewhat different in important respects from those described. From experiments recently carried out by the author, it appears that stereoscopic vision is possible only within certain limits. For certain pairs of objects, whether on the same or different horizons, there are generally two extreme critical points beyond which stereoscopic vision breaks down. For certain pairs of objects on the same horizon there are two inner critical points. Objects of dissimilar form but approximately the same average angular dimensions can frequently be combined stereoscopically: thus a circle can be combined with a triangle if their average angular dimensions are about equal. When the angular dimensions are very different, combination is generally impossible: thus, for example, a thin line cannot be combined with a thick line or triangle or other form of considerably larger size. When the pairs of objects are dissimilar in size there is only one pair of outer and inner critical points if the objects are on the same horizon and one outer critical point if they are on different horizons. For pairs of objects any of which can be combined together, there are two pairs of such critical points. Data regarding the positions of the critical points under various conditions are contained in the paper, which also deals generally with the effects of variation of the conditions of observation and particularly variations of the illumination.","PeriodicalId":405858,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Optical Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1923-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130736438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The distribution of corrective duties in optical instruments 光学仪器中校正任务的分配
Transactions of The Optical Society Pub Date : 1923-02-01 DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/24/3/303
T. Smith
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引用次数: 2
Exhibit of a new research microscope 展出一种新的研究显微镜
Transactions of The Optical Society Pub Date : 1923-02-01 DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/24/3/304
J. Barton
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引用次数: 0
On the properties of pitch used in working optical glass 加工光学玻璃用沥青的性能研究
Transactions of The Optical Society Pub Date : 1923-02-01 DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/24/3/301
F. W. Preston
{"title":"On the properties of pitch used in working optical glass","authors":"F. W. Preston","doi":"10.1088/1475-4878/24/3/301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-4878/24/3/301","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with pitch as a mountant for lenses during the operations of grinding and polishing. It is shown that the viscous nature of pitch entails a number of rather intricate consequences in workshop practice, and that these phenomena require the viscosity to lie between certain well-defined limits. It must be sufficiently high to prevent measurable displacement under the external forces applied in polishing and sufficiently low to relieve rapidly the severer internal strains produced by thermal expansion and contraction. It is also shown that there is considerable difficulty in conserving the necessary properties of pitch even at relatively low temperatures, and means for meeting these difficulties are indicated. The paper is divided into four sections: Section I outlines previous knowledge of the subject; Section II deals with the physical properties of pitch and the alterations produced by low-temperature heating, in so far as these affect its workshop utility. Section III describes a number of workshop phenomena and correlates them with the physical properties described in Section II. In Section IV a brief account is given of some new methods for the mechanical handling of pitch, based on the foregoing studies.","PeriodicalId":405858,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Optical Society","volume":"94 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1923-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122699054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Optical designing as an art 光学设计是一门艺术
Transactions of The Optical Society Pub Date : 1923-02-01 DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/24/3/302
H. D. Taylor
{"title":"Optical designing as an art","authors":"H. D. Taylor","doi":"10.1088/1475-4878/24/3/302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-4878/24/3/302","url":null,"abstract":"The chief aim of this paper is to show that the tendency, which has been developing among optical designers in recent years, to follow in the footsteps of (mostly) German optical workers and test the performance of optical designs by exact ray tracings by trigonometrical methods on paper instead of by inspection of the actual performance of the embodied idea, involves a needless waste of both time and working costs. While such exact ray tracings may give valuable data concerning the optical performance of a lens system, if carried out thoroughly enough, yet the results so obtained do not and cannot give any indication of the direction in which changes are required, and only an appeal to the general algebraic formulae, such as those, for instance, founded upon Coddington's work, can afford the designer the enlightenment necessary to enable him to bring the system to the best possible perfection. Therefore, I have fully come to the conclusion that ray tracing methods are, generally speaking, unnecessary and superfluous for any designer who cares to master the general implications of the much more philosophical and illuminating system of optics founded on Coddington and other workers of the British school. This conclusion I seek to illustrate and justify by a few illustrative examples from my own experience.","PeriodicalId":405858,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Optical Society","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1923-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122162993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The amount of the displacement in gelatine films shown by precise measurements of stellar photographs 由恒星照片的精确测量显示的明胶胶片上的位移量
Transactions of The Optical Society Pub Date : 1922-10-01 DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/24/1/306
C. Davidson
{"title":"The amount of the displacement in gelatine films shown by precise measurements of stellar photographs","authors":"C. Davidson","doi":"10.1088/1475-4878/24/1/306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-4878/24/1/306","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":405858,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Optical Society","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1922-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130744057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A large aperture aplanatic lens not corrected for colour 未校正颜色的大光圈平面镜
Transactions of The Optical Society Pub Date : 1922-10-01 DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/24/1/304
T. Smith
{"title":"A large aperture aplanatic lens not corrected for colour","authors":"T. Smith","doi":"10.1088/1475-4878/24/1/304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-4878/24/1/304","url":null,"abstract":"A lens suitable for spectroscopic work with aplanatic corrections for all zones may have as large an aperture as f/1 or still greater, all the surfaces being strictly spherical. An actual lens made by Messrs Ross, Ltd, of 3 inches focal length and 3 inches aperture, possesses corrections comparable with those given by the theoretical investigation. With a slightly reduced aperture, correction for colour may be obtained without prejudice to the quality of the spherical corrections. The investigation shows that the production of suitable glass discs is the outstanding difficulty in the way of great increases in the relative apertures of telescope objectives.","PeriodicalId":405858,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Optical Society","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1922-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116166339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The optical cosine law 光学余弦定律
Transactions of The Optical Society Pub Date : 1922-10-01 DOI: 10.1088/1475-4878/24/1/305
T. Smith
{"title":"The optical cosine law","authors":"T. Smith","doi":"10.1088/1475-4878/24/1/305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-4878/24/1/305","url":null,"abstract":"The law of refraction, the sine law relating to coma, and other exact laws of optical instruments are particular cases of a very general law which assumes the form of a cosine relation. As an example of the application of the law the principles which should govern the construction of a variable power telescope yielding aplanatic correction at all magnifications are investigated.","PeriodicalId":405858,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Optical Society","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1922-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123775717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
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