Aerospace Research in Bulgaria最新文献

{"title":"Ionizing Radiation Sensor for Nanosatellites, Microdrones and Small Unmanned Ground Vehicles","authors":"R. Miteva, T. Kunchev, S. Zabunov, G. Mardirossian, R. Pamukoff-Michelson","doi":"10.3897/arb.v34.e04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/arb.v34.e04","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to present an ionizing radiation sensor suitable for nanosatellites, small drones and other types of unmanned vehicles. When implemented on an airborne or ground-based unmanned vehicle the sensor is beneficial in disaster management scenarios such as inspection of buildings and facilities for ionizing radiation contamination and measurements of the ionizing radiation dose. Herein, a design and laboratory tests of the sensor are presented. The instrument is a lightweight module having low power consumption suitable for nanosatellite platforms and for mobile use by having it installed in an unmanned system (airborne or ground-based). For test purposes a 36-rotor drone was developed along with a mobile ground based unmanned vehicle. With all implementations the radiological sensor is directly connected to the main processor unit of the platform. In the case of the drone and ground-based vehicle systems the processor unit is the microcontroller of the autopilot. Experimental results of laboratory measurements of different radiation sources are shown and discussed. The experimental setup demonstrates a few advances related to specific problems encountered in the existing ionizing radiation measurement systems.","PeriodicalId":40457,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Research in Bulgaria","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70394313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AFM Analysis of Aluminum Alloy 7075","authors":"Anna Bouzekova-Penkova, S. Simeonova","doi":"10.3897/arb.v34.e14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/arb.v34.e14","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present the results of atomic force microscopy (AFM) characterization of the surface morphology new type of composite based on the high-tensile aluminum alloy 7075 strengthened with nanoparticles of diamond powder and tungsten is developed, stored for 28 months under different conditions. One sample was stored on Earth at room temperature and second one was mounted on the outer side of the International Space Station.","PeriodicalId":40457,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Research in Bulgaria","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70394010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Power Reserve in Parallel Hydraulic Movements of Aircraft Controls","authors":"D. Jordanov, Nikolay Zagorski, Stanislav Tsholakov","doi":"10.3897/arb.v34.e08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/arb.v34.e08","url":null,"abstract":"A parallel booster control of transport aircraft controls has been modeled and the positive role of the power reserve for the operation of the structure with permissible operating differences in the pressures of the supply systems has been demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":40457,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Research in Bulgaria","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70394367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of the Accuracy of Bomb Release and the Probability Characteristics of the Error of Bombing of Different Methods Solving the Problem of Aiming","authors":"S. Stoykov","doi":"10.3897/arb.v34.e13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/arb.v34.e13","url":null,"abstract":"An approximate method for estimating the accuracy of bomb release of new methods solving the problem of targeting compared to existing ones is proposed. A comparative analysis of the Root mean square deviation, the expected value and the second starting point of the bomb release error for new and existing methods of the targeting task was performed.","PeriodicalId":40457,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Research in Bulgaria","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70393952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical Model for Operation of Aviation Systems for Delivery of Special Means to Air and Earth Objects","authors":"Milen Atanasov","doi":"10.3897/arb.v34.e12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/arb.v34.e12","url":null,"abstract":"The development of technologies allows the improvement of the algorithms for the operation of aviation systems for the delivery of special means to air and ground objects. The aim is to increase their efficiency, while facilitating the work of the crew in case of lack of time to complete the task. A mathematical model for the operation of this type of aviation systems for the supply of special equipment has been developed, which allows reducing the volume of the existing protocol for the implementation of the crew. It is proposed to use a common ballistic algorithm, combining different groups of special means of delivery to air and ground sites.","PeriodicalId":40457,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Research in Bulgaria","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70393946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some Aerospace Applications of 7075 (B95) Aluminium Alloy","authors":"Anna Bouzekova-Penkova, A. Miteva","doi":"10.3897/arb.v34.e15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/arb.v34.e15","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, aluminium alloys are of growing interest to scientists and are widely used in aerospace and allied industries due to their inherent lightness, high strength to weight ratio, excellent thermal and electrical conductance, good reflectivity and low working cost. Among the conventional structural materials used in aerospace applications aluminium alloys are frontrunners. This is due to the ability of modern aluminium alloys to achieve unique combination of properties, through alloying and heat treatment, tailored to particular applications. Aluminum alloy 7075 (B95) is a high-strength alloy that works in extreme conditions and is used in modern construction of aircraft, spacecraft and satellites. In this mini-review, we will briefly focus on some of the existing and growing applications of some 7xxx aluminum alloys, in particular 7075 (B95), in the aerospace industry. Possible options for continuing work in this area are considered, and some Bulgarian developments are presented.","PeriodicalId":40457,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Research in Bulgaria","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70394024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"XZ-series of unmanned aerial vehicles in 2020","authors":"S. Zabunov","doi":"10.3897/arb.v32.e12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/arb.v32.e12","url":null,"abstract":"The XZ-series of unmanned aerial vehicles was initiated in 2014 initially as an endeavour of theoretical development of multirotor unmanned aircraft models. The idea and major work was done by the author of the current article, and now, by the year of 2020, the series is still in constant process of inventing new designs. Most of the models were patented at the Bulgarian Patent Office through patents for inventions or utility models. In the recent years, publications on the XZ-series models have appeared in foreign scientific journals with high scientific impact metric. The XZ-series of flying machines includes various types of multi-rotor machines such as standard multi-rotors, fixed wing multi-rotors and compound multi-rotors. This article is a concise guide, as concise as it can be, to the XZ-series of unmanned aerial vehicles as of middle 2020 and, as such, it shall be followed in the future by sequels, published regularly, summarizing the ongoing process of the XZ-series aircraft model development.","PeriodicalId":40457,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Research in Bulgaria","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70394252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Module for wireless communication in aerospace vehicles","authors":"Nikolay Gueorguiev, A. Kolarov, I. Iliev","doi":"10.3897/arb.v32.e14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/arb.v32.e14","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in air traffic and space flights, the rising cargo volumes and passenger numbers all set complex research and applied scientific tasks and therefore pose more complex requirements for obtaining up-to-date information on the system parameters and on the environment in which they function. After the advent of IoT platforms, their use in all areas of technology has been growing rapidly, as for instance in data collection and processing systems that are fully applicable to aviation needs. One of the major problems in the building of new systems or upgrading existing ones in line with current trends is the high cost of the innovations and the long time before their implementation. In line with the current trends in aviation, this paper proposes an approach for unified modules comprising a large set of possible sensors operating on a wireless standard for transmitting information and connected in a single and cost-effective network and with minimal time for construction, upgrading and renovation.","PeriodicalId":40457,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Research in Bulgaria","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70394257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transformation of the characteristics of quasi-biennial oscillation in a new version of the series of Wolf (relative sunspot) numbers","authors":"I. Shibaev","doi":"10.3897/arb.v31.e02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/arb.v31.e02","url":null,"abstract":"With the introduction from June 2015 of a new methodology for estimation of Wolf numbers W (or WSN — Wolf sunspot number), this series was corrected from January 1749 to May 2015, i.e. a new version of the series WSN was proposed. The greatest transformation affected the cycles of a statistically reliable part of the series (since, 1849), which was clearly reflected in their amplitude correction and, accordingly, in the long-period component of the series, determining the epoch of maximum/minimum solar activity. The quasi-biennial oscillations available in the solar magnetic field and in the total flux of its radiation also manifest themselves in a number of parameters of the Earth ionosphere and evaluation of their transformation degree is of high significance. This paper compares the characteristics of the frequency interval of the quasi-biennial oscillations of both versions of a series.","PeriodicalId":40457,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Research in Bulgaria","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70393880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latitudinal dependence of the stratospheric ozone and temperature response to solar particles’ forcing оn 20 January 2005","authors":"N. Kilifarska","doi":"10.3897/arb.v31.e01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/arb.v31.e01","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the latitudinal-altitudinal variations of the midday O3and temperature response to the forcing of the enhanced flux of energetic particles, during January 2005 Solar Proton Event (SPE). We show that short-term response of the stratospheric O3 depends strongly on the latitude and the energy of precipitating particles. At polar latitudes, where the relativistic electrons and “soft” protons are able to penetrate deeper into the atmosphere, we found a reduction of the peak ozone density in periods of enhanced particles’ fluxes. Such a response is widely explained by the activation of HOx and NOx ozone destructive cycles. At mid-latitudes, however, the stratospheric part of the O3profile remains insensitive to these lower energy particles, because they affect only the thermospheric and mesospheric O3. On the other hand, the “hard” protons, emitted during the third solar flare on 20 January, are able to propagate much deeper, affecting even the stratospheric ozone and reducing its density. As a consequence of the thinning of the ozone optical depth, the solar UV penetrates deeper into the atmosphere, activating the Slanger’s mechanism for ozone production at lower levels –known also as ozone self-restoration. This could be an explanation for the obtained raise of the mid-latitude peak O3density in the period of atmospheric restoration after the SPE’2005. The earlier raise of the polar ozone maximal density –i.e. between 18 and 21 January –could be related to the fact that at the moment of SPE’2005it has been already diminished by the relativistic electrons and “soft” protons, getting ahead of the strongest proton flare. So the further ozone destruction (by particles with mixed energies) triggered the activation of its restoration several days earlier. Consequently, the latitudinal differences in the ozone response –found in ERA Interim data –could be attributed to the different energetic spectrum of solar flares, the depth of the particles’ penetration into the atmosphere and the zenith angle of stratosphere illumination by the solar UV radiation. Enhancement of the lower and middle stratospheric temperature during the SPE’2005 has to be attributed to the increased ozone density and the more solar UV radiation absorbed.","PeriodicalId":40457,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Research in Bulgaria","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70393754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}