Post-Soviet Issues最新文献

{"title":"The US Political Agenda in Relation to the Countries of the Eurasian Economic Union: Problems and Contradictions","authors":"E. S. Shevchenko","doi":"10.24975/2313-8920-2024-11-2-112-125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2024-11-2-112-125","url":null,"abstract":"The problematic field of political interaction between the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) is constructed under the influence of actualizing national priorities of external political players in view of the strategic and resource significance of the post-Soviet space in general. Attention is focused on the contribution of extra-regional and transnational subjects to the development of political and economic space of the EAEU. Political presence of the United States, as well as Western and European states in this region is increased. In this context, we are talking about the intersection and competition of geostrategic, political, economic and other goals of existing political participants in the framework of interstate exchange. On the one hand, it creates some additional factors and mechanisms of manifestation and expansion of conflict-causing precedents, on the other hand, it leads to the emergence of qualitatively new opportunities for opening special political potential, strengthening the status-role positions, establishing the bilateral and multilateral ties, etc. In the end, real prerequisites are created for transformation the symbolic nature and activity significance of the EAEU in the context of domestic political and supranational processes. In this sense, the conceptual basis and tool of American media publications in the direction of actualization the US political agenda in relation to the EAEU countries are interesting. The ideological, semantic and technological features of The Washington Post publications on the topic of political relations between the United States and other foreign policy actors with the Russian Federation, the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Armenia are analyzed. As a result, it is determined that political participation of the United States in this region is built in the focus of creating the restraining factors for stabilization of political and economic partnership of the EAEU participant countries in the framework of the concept of Greater Eurasia. The existing institutional and functional potential of the post-Soviet states is used for negativization of political and regional role and strengthening of geopolitical opposition of the Russian Federation and the PRC. Particularly, the most frequently published topics in relation to political problems of the EAEU are the Russian participation in a special military operation on Ukrainian territory and foreign policy participation of foreign states in the main processes of Eurasian integration.","PeriodicalId":404453,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet Issues","volume":" November","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141669890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of Niger’s uranium supply to France’s electricity export potential in Europe","authors":"V. A. Danilov, M. A. Zinovin","doi":"10.24975/2313-8920-2023-10-4-337-346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2023-10-4-337-346","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the role of stability of Niger uranium supply to France for the volume of electricity export to Europe, as well as the possible role of Russia in resolving the uranium deficit for nuclear power plants in France. France is considered one of the world’s largest producers and exporters of nuclear energy. For more than 50 years, one of the main suppliers of uranium to France has been its former colony, represented by Niger. Due to the events of 27 July 2023 in the Niger, there is a high risk of a complete cut in the supply of Niger uranium to France, which threatens the energy security not only of France, but of all its neighbors: Germany, the United Kingdom, Spain, Italy, Switzerland and others. Also in this work, the statistical data on uranium shipments from other countries to France are analyzed, the possible risks associated with the changing political situation in the African region are predicted and various measures are presented, which could be taken to mitigate the impact of the disruption of uranium supplies from the Niger to France’s nuclear sector. ","PeriodicalId":404453,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet Issues","volume":"50 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140701308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospects for the development of the EAEU amid a confrontation between Russia and the West","authors":"D. V. Ovcharenko","doi":"10.24975/2313-8920-2023-10-4-356-364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2023-10-4-356-364","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the consequences of the Western states’ sanctions pressure on Russia for the EAEU. Special attention is paid to the position of the EAEU members amid two crucial events in the Ukrainian crisis: the reunification of Crimea with Russia (2014) and the beginning of a special military operation (SMO) in Ukraine (2022). Measures aimed at minimizing the damage from anti-Russian sanctions on the economies of the EAEU countries are considered, such as: customs, customs tariff and non-tariff regulation, protective measures; internal market and cooperation; financial and currency markets; international economic cooperation with third countries and integration associations. The priorities of Russia’s chairmanship in the EAEU in 2023 are analyzed. The prerequisites for the further development of the EAEU as a self-sufficient integration center in Eurasia and the prospects of the EAEU amid a confrontation between Russia and the West are examined. Among the negative factors slowing down the development of the EAEU the following stand out: the orientation of some members to the third countries’ markets, the modest pace of modernization and increasing the competitiveness of the economies of the EAEU countries, the insufficient level of development of transport infrastructure and logistics, the concerns of the EAEU members (Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan) of «secondary» sanctions, the absence of a consolidated position within the union regarding Western sanctions, the violation of transactional payments as an outcome of Russia’s disconnection from international payment systems. ","PeriodicalId":404453,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet Issues","volume":"56 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140701506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EU Energy Policy: Difficulties in the Way of Implementation of Tasks","authors":"A. A. Abramova","doi":"10.24975/2313-8920-2023-10-4-347-355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2023-10-4-347-355","url":null,"abstract":"The article studies the problem of energy policy of the EU. Issues of creation of conditions necessary for realization of declared goals are considered. The features of implementation of the tasks are highlighted. It is concluded that the energy policy of the EU countries has both a number of advantages and a number of difficulties, which can become a significant obstacle to the implementation of all announced projects. The formation of European Union energy policy in recent years has been strongly influenced by external factors, such as: the emergence and development of new technologies, climate change, EU countries’ dependence on energy imports and new policy decisions. Considerable attention is being paid to renewable energy (RES) technologies, which, according to the official EU strategy, will be used for the construction of a closed energy system. Renewable energies include marine renewable energy, “green” public procurement, solar panels, alternative fuels. However, these projects pose a number of challenges for European countries, such as the need to build new infrastructure and reform the tax system. The fulfilment of all the objectives of the “European Green Deal” also involves certain risks, for example, the loss of a significant number of jobs by heavy industry workers and the loss of competitiveness of certain branches of the economy. European energy policy undoubtedly influences the policy of the Russian Federation. The global trend on renewable energy directly concerns Russia and the countries of the post-Soviet space, because this region has a high potential in this industry. This is particularly true for renewable energy sources such as wind power and hydropower. The development of renewable energy sources is undoubtedly a very important process for world politics, because energy is one of the most important resources that nations possess. It is very important to take this into account when considering the world’s political strategies. ","PeriodicalId":404453,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet Issues","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140700022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current state of the political culture of Afghanistan","authors":"G. I. Avtsinova, M. Naseri","doi":"10.24975/2313-8920-2023-10-4-365-373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2023-10-4-365-373","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to one of the important issues of the development of the political space, political system, political life, and ideological and cultural structure of modern Afghan society. The article attempts to analyze and discuss various aspects of the current state of the political culture of Afghanistan. The main attention is paid to the attitude of citizens to politics and the political regime of the Taliban (organization banned in Russia). Afghanistan’s current political culture is based on the models and values of the Taliban government. They rely on traditionalist political models. The implementation of modern political processes, such as elections, is not far from being able to question the power of representatives. It can be argued that political culture is the link between people and political power. The main task of political culture is to include people in the political system of society and political activities. Political culture is a system of political knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and values, as well as political activities of political subjects. For example, political culture manifests itself differently in different social groups and communities, political movements, and individuals. The study of the current state of the political culture of Afghanistan allows us to conclude that today the level of conflict is quite high, the mood of the Afghan society is at a disorganized level. A controversial political culture prevails in Afghan society. This conflict can be seen in social differences, institutional weakness, society’s distrust of functioning authority, and cultural differences. ","PeriodicalId":404453,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet Issues","volume":"65 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140702824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arctic cinema: War films, detective stories and comedies","authors":"I. S. Zonn","doi":"10.24975/2313-8920-2023-10-4-374-398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2023-10-4-374-398","url":null,"abstract":"This third article examines such genres of cinema as war films, detectives and comedies the latest in the line of Arctic films. Thereby we draw a line under Arctic films, that have not received due attention from film critics and the public until now. The need to return to the past to take a fresh look at the solar, including its storyboard, taking into account the deep rethinking of the war and the direct depiction of what was experienced, to show a truthful and accurate image of the war on the example of the fate of one or many of its participants. Cinematographers constantly return to the theme of the war, its individual episodes, the people who took part in it, who noted their heroism in it, its new reading caused by changing socio-political views and access to previously censored circumstances, what is now called «trench truth».«Another war» in pleacetime was reflected in the Arctic detectives. The enemy appears in them as criminal elements, sometimes was sophisticated and insidious plans, which in the conditions of the north require a special approach to solve then. Comedies have no geographical boundaries. Humor and laughter in the snow and ice is special, very often associated with the behavior of animals, especially dogs. ","PeriodicalId":404453,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet Issues","volume":"74 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140702561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The global gas transit: new supply chains","authors":"S. S. Zhiltsov","doi":"10.24975/2313-8920-2023-10-4-318-336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2023-10-4-318-336","url":null,"abstract":"The aggravation of relations between Russia and Western countries in early 2022 has marked the formation of new supply chains for energy resources, particularly gas exports. Global energy transit is closely linked to fundamental problems in the world economy, which were aggravated during the coronavirus pandemic. Empirical evidence illustrates that new hydrocarbon supply chains have dramatically changed the balance of power in the global market. The reasons for this were the pricing policy as well as the supply and demand conditions in the market. Considering the gas market as a system of interrelated participants: producers and consumers, the study concludes that energy transit will be determined by the outcome of the economic competition between Russia and the West, as well as the speed of building the infrastructure necessary for the creation and transportation of liquefied natural gas. At the same time, the prospects for low-carbon energy are not so obvious. First of all, the high costs and the unwillingness of many countries to make significant investments hamper a transition. The study concludes that the restructuring of global energy supply chains is in the interests of some developed countries. In general, the current processes in the global energy sector represent a fundamental trend that is associated with the transition period of the world economy. The paper contributes to the knowledge by providing a comprehensive overview of the new processes in the energy sphere. ","PeriodicalId":404453,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet Issues","volume":"137 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140707082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foreign Policy Approaches in the US Political Parties Platforms in the XXI Century: Similarities and Differences","authors":"K. K. Sukhoverkhov","doi":"10.24975/2313-8920-2023-10-3-265-280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2023-10-3-265-280","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines such a phenomenon of American politics as the party platform. The article reflects its features in comparison with European interpretations of the concept of “party program”. The author’s definition of the concept “party platform” is given, which is based on a consideration of the definitions of domestic and foreign policy researchers of the concept “party program”. The article focuses on the foreign policy parts of the platforms of the main US political parties. The ideological approaches and conditions that influence the formation of the foreign policy part of the party platform are considered (from factors such as political expediency to the personal views of US presidential candidates). An example of a comparative analysis of the foreign policy parts of the platforms of the US Republican and Democratic parties is given. Based on a comparative analysis of the foreign policy parts of the platforms of the main US political parties, the author proposes his own methodology for determining the similarities and differences of party platforms. This methodology allowed the author of the article to plot the similarities and differences in the foreign policy approaches of the US Republican and Democratic parties from 2000 to 2020. The comparative analysis carried out by the author allows us to say that the platforms of the main US political parties can be used to analyze the foreign policy course of different US administrations and make forecasts on Washington’s foreign policy.","PeriodicalId":404453,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet Issues","volume":"138 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139241797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oil and Gas Sector of the People’s Republic of China: Problems and Development Trends","authors":"Софья Л. Асеева, Sofya L. Aseeva","doi":"10.24975/2313-8920-2023-10-3-258-264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2023-10-3-258-264","url":null,"abstract":"Through vigorous economic development in recent decades, China has become one of the world’s leading economies and a major player in the international arena. The strengthening economic potential has caused a significant increase in the demand for energy resources. Therefore, the need for an effective energy policy has also increased. The PRC uses fossil energy resources such as coal, oil and natural gas as its main energy sources. Fossil energy sources are currently important for maintaining the country’s energy balance. Moreover, one of the important objectives of energy policy is to reduce the environmental risks associated with the overuse of the coal industry. The coal industry poses a serious threat to the environment, as emissions of biogenic methane and carbon dioxide from fuel combustion lead to a greenhouse effect. In this regard, China is actively developing alternative energy sources that will be beneficial for this period of economic development, namely the oil and gas industry. Oil and gas are among the main sources of energy in the PRC today. China currently occupies an important position in the global oil and gas market, having a significant impact on prices in these sectors. Every year, the country purchases significant amounts of oil and gas from global markets and uses them in various sectors of the economy, including manufacturing, transport and energy. In addition, China is actively developing oil and gas infrastructure and investing in exploration and production activities to meet its own energy needs. In this regard, the article studies the oil and gas industry of the PRC, considers the main indicators of oil and gas production, imports and consumption, and analyses the existing development trends and problems of this industry.","PeriodicalId":404453,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet Issues","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139241894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finland’s approaches to joining NATO","authors":"M. K. Alyautdinov, I. V. Popovich","doi":"10.24975/2313-8920-2023-10-3-234-244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2023-10-3-234-244","url":null,"abstract":"For the region of Northern Europe the beginning of 2022 was marked by an important event — the application of Finland and Sweden for membership in the NATO military alliance. For both countries the move signified the end of decades of the neutrality policy, and the North Atlantic Alliance expansion would be relatively significant for the first time since 2009. One of the main features of Finland’s and Sweden’s process of joining NATO was the desire of both countries’ administrations to achieve the Alliance membership simultaneously. Due to certain difficulties that had risen on the international level and prevented Sweden from becoming a member of the organization swiftly, the Finnish administration made the ultimate decision to join NATO independently from Sweden. The decision was connected with the abandonment of the principle of “special relations” between Sweden and Finland. The approval of the NATO membership bill during its ratification in the Finnish parliament was not unanimous. Several lawmakers spoke out against the country’s integration with NATO. This and other factors testify to the controversial attitude to NATO in the Finnish society. “The Kurdish issue” was among the important aspects of Finland’s North Atlantic Alliance joining process. Prior to 2022 Finland along with Sweden adhered to the position of supporting various Kurdish groups that were recognized in Turkey as terrorist organizations. Finland also took in a lot of Kurdish refugees and provided political asylum to some of them. The Turkish authorities were dissatisfied with those actions hence in May 2022 Turkey blocked the NATO membership application of the Finnish republic. “The Kurdish issue” was not fully resolved, but the sides managed to reach a compromise.","PeriodicalId":404453,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet Issues","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139241491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}