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Krytyczne spojrzenie na promowanie demokracji
Polityka i Społeczeństwo Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.15584/polispol.2023.1.18
Ewelina Waśko-Owsiejczuk
{"title":"Krytyczne spojrzenie na promowanie demokracji","authors":"Ewelina Waśko-Owsiejczuk","doi":"10.15584/polispol.2023.1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2023.1.18","url":null,"abstract":"The global spread of democracy is considered one of the most remarkable changes in world politics in the 20 th century. Due to the strong correlation between the democratic system and the free market, democracy promotion began to become a more common practice, carried out by an increasing number of international actors. The purpose of this article is to take a critical view of democracy promotion. In doing so, it is important to show which actors are promoting democracy, as well as to present their main objectives, in order to finally focus on a critical analysis of the phenomenon of democracy promotion, with a reference to the most important arguments appearing on the subject, both in academic and political discourse. The article singles out key factors affecting the weakening of democracy promotion abroad, pointing to: the limited ability of international actors to influence the democratization process of individual countries, which depends on a number of internal factors; the decline in credibility, trust in democracy promoters (especially the US), and the conflict of goals and interests.","PeriodicalId":403819,"journal":{"name":"Polityka i Społeczeństwo","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132200673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Odpowiedź Polski i Litwy na kryzys migracyjny przy granicy z Białorusią – próba porównania 波兰和立陶宛对白俄罗斯边境移民危机的反应--比较尝试
Polityka i Społeczeństwo Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.15584/polispol.2023.1.6
J. Ciechanowska, K. Szwed
{"title":"Odpowiedź Polski i Litwy na kryzys migracyjny przy granicy z Białorusią – próba porównania","authors":"J. Ciechanowska, K. Szwed","doi":"10.15584/polispol.2023.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2023.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this publication is to illustrate the responses of Lithuania and Poland to the migration crisis at the Belarusian border, which began in mid-2021. Both countries are members of the European Union and the Schengen Area. In a situation of threat to internal security, they prioritised securing their national borders, which are also the eastern flank of the European Union, over the protection of human rights or humanitarian issues. The publication shows similarities and differences in the reaction to the Belarus regime's actions on the part of the Polish and Lithuanian authorities. Particular attention was paid to the analysis of the rationale for introducing the state of emergency and the admissibility of limiting human rights and freedoms.","PeriodicalId":403819,"journal":{"name":"Polityka i Społeczeństwo","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134419768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Amendment to the act on civilian victims of war and the legal situation of children of war rape in Bosnia and Herzegovina 关于波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那战争平民受害者和战争强奸儿童法律状况法的修正案
Polityka i Społeczeństwo Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.15584/polispol.2023.1.7
Katarzyna Czeszejko-Sochacka
{"title":"Amendment to the act on civilian victims of war and the legal situation of children of war rape in Bosnia and Herzegovina","authors":"Katarzyna Czeszejko-Sochacka","doi":"10.15584/polispol.2023.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2023.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"War rape is a phenomenon that occurs in almost every armed conflict. The circle of victims includes not only the persons directly affected by this crime, but also their next of kin. Unwanted pregnancies as a result of wartime rape result in children who, from the moment they are born, are treated as inferior persons. Apart from marginal cases, the internal laws of individual states do not grant them any protection or compensation. For some time now, however, a change in this direction has been evident on the international stage. Bosnia and Herzegovina is the first European country which has responded to these calls and has taken steps to change the status of children from war rape.","PeriodicalId":403819,"journal":{"name":"Polityka i Społeczeństwo","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134290226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
System ochrony Polski przed bronią masowego rażenia
Polityka i Społeczeństwo Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.15584/polispol.2023.1.9
T. Koziełło
{"title":"System ochrony Polski przed bronią masowego rażenia","authors":"T. Koziełło","doi":"10.15584/polispol.2023.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2023.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"The article characterises the system of protection of the population, animals, natural environment and infrastructure located in the territory of the Republic of Poland against weapons of mass destruction (WMD), which include nuclear, radiological, biological and chemical weapons. The text is divided into seven parts, which discuss the types of WMD, the WMD protection system as a whole and its five components. Each section outlines the organisational and legal structure of this system and subsystems, and the tasks assigned to each of the bodies that comprise them.","PeriodicalId":403819,"journal":{"name":"Polityka i Społeczeństwo","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114724991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Krajowy system ratowniczo-gaśniczy w Polsce jako integralna część organi- zacji bezpieczeństwa wewnętrznego państwa – podstawowe założenia orga- nizacji i funkcjonowania
Polityka i Społeczeństwo Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.15584/polispol.2023.1.17
A. Sikorska
{"title":"Krajowy system ratowniczo-gaśniczy w Polsce jako integralna część organi- zacji bezpieczeństwa wewnętrznego państwa – podstawowe założenia orga- nizacji i funkcjonowania","authors":"A. Sikorska","doi":"10.15584/polispol.2023.1.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2023.1.17","url":null,"abstract":"Ensuring the level of internal security of the state requires systemic legal solutions aimed at the protection of this value. It also refers to other goods that may be endangered or, as a result of events resulting from threats being a consequence of the laws of nature or civilization development, become the subject of violations. On the legislative basis, securing the implementation of this goal is therefore tantamount to the state's obligation to legislate and apply the law in the area of the organization of the state's internal security system, and within it, an integrated rescue system obliged to protect these values and goods. Therefore, the considerations taken are to demonstrate the basic assumptions of the organization and functioning of the national rescue and firefighting system as one of the elements of the organization of the state's internal security and the rescue system, based on the provisions of the law. In this respect, it is also helpful to assess the status of public authorities with competences and tasks, responsible for the national rescue and firefighting system at individual levels, as well as system units for rescue operations aimed at the said protection.","PeriodicalId":403819,"journal":{"name":"Polityka i Społeczeństwo","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124906724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Polonijna, amerykańska misja braci księdza Wincentego i Jana Barzyńskich
Polityka i Społeczeństwo Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.15584/polispol.2023.1.15
Wiesława Piątkowska-Stepaniak
{"title":"Polonijna, amerykańska misja braci księdza Wincentego i Jana Barzyńskich","authors":"Wiesława Piątkowska-Stepaniak","doi":"10.15584/polispol.2023.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2023.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"The paper’s objective is to draw the reader's attention to the achievements of individuals who lived during one of the largest waves of migration from the Polish lands to America. The example of the activities of Rev. Wincenty Barzyński and his brother Jan illustrates the phenomenon of their involvement in helping thousands of compatriots to adjust to the conditions of the New World. They both raised a lot of money, occasionally and on schedule. Jan Barzyński became a wealthy man, while Rev. Wincenty Barzyński, one of the pillars of the Order of Resurrectionists, having at his disposal considerable amounts of money, with time also had more and more organizational possibilities, including the establishment and management of parishes and schools (also schools of higher education). The Barzyński brothers’ mission was of inestimable value. It laid the foundation for the unification of the Polish community, building the Polish Roman Catholic Union, a thriving self-assistance organization. At the same time, their activities initiated the remarkable story of the Polish press in America and introduced special values into the joint history of Americans and Poles. They also played a major role in the establishment of many Polish Catholic parishes in the US territories. The money they earned as a result of their activities served to build new organizational and social structures of the Polish-American diaspora.","PeriodicalId":403819,"journal":{"name":"Polityka i Społeczeństwo","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133551824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Społeczeństwo młodych zagrożone suicydogennie
Polityka i Społeczeństwo Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.15584/polispol.2023.1.1
Agnieszka Araucz-Boruc
{"title":"Społeczeństwo młodych zagrożone suicydogennie","authors":"Agnieszka Araucz-Boruc","doi":"10.15584/polispol.2023.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2023.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"In the literature on the subject, suicide is considered as a specific social phenomenon - one of the deviant behaviors, which is also an indicator of social disintegration. Due to the fact that the effects of suicide are social, suicide is classified as a social pathology, referred to as a social disease. Objective: To indicate that suicide is an important social problem with an increasing trend. Hypothesis: Adolescence is a period when there is a significant risk of committing suicide. Methods: The study used the method of analysis and system of professional literature, the monographic and descriptive method and the analysis of statistical data. Conclusions: The analysis and synthesis of source materials allows us to conclude that there are few fatal suicide attempts among children under 12 years of age. It is different in the case of young people aged 13-18, who already have a sense of their own mortality. Adolescents become capable of intellectually assimilating the physiological, metaphysical, and also biological aspects of death. Implications for theory and practice: Therefore, suicidal behavior, which is rare among children and in early adolescence, is becoming more common among adolescents. In addition, the occurrence of suicidal thoughts before puberty correlates with later suicide attempts, in adolescents (more often than in adults) there are repeated suicide attempts. Originality and value: The article attempts to systematize the determinants of suicidal behavior among young people and to present a suicide attempt as a personal and social problem in the category of threats.","PeriodicalId":403819,"journal":{"name":"Polityka i Społeczeństwo","volume":"147 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121980616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
„Praga uważa się za „naj...” – konkurencyjność regionów w Republice Cze- skiej w kontekście pragocentryzmu
Polityka i Społeczeństwo Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.15584/polispol.2023.1.4
Urszula Bronisz, Katarzyna Kuć-Czajkowska
{"title":"„Praga uważa się za „naj...” – konkurencyjność regionów w Republice Cze- skiej w kontekście pragocentryzmu","authors":"Urszula Bronisz, Katarzyna Kuć-Czajkowska","doi":"10.15584/polispol.2023.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2023.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article was to compare NUTS3 level regions in the Czech Republic in terms of their competitiveness understood as an outcome of the four following dimensions: economic, social, innovative and environmental. The study of competitiveness was intended to verify the thesis of the legitimacy of concentrating development policy (especially in terms of spending EU funds) in the capital city of Prague as the region with the highest potential, providing the greatest guarantees of their effective use. In the article, using the Hellwig method (i.e. relative distances from the benchmark), an empirical analysis of regional competitiveness was carried out. The occurring developmental asymmetry was confirmed by empirical data. Prague is the leader outclassing the other regions in economic, social and innovative dimensions. In a country with significant developmental disparities, disadvantaged units are unable to compete and thus become underdeveloped regions. Praguecentrism therefore causes the increase in development divergence in the Czech Republic. This phenomenon will grow, regardless of the regional development policy.","PeriodicalId":403819,"journal":{"name":"Polityka i Społeczeństwo","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130797951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stare medium w nowej szacie. Prasa w komunikacji lokalnej
Polityka i Społeczeństwo Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.15584/polispol.2023.1.8
Jolanta Kępa-Mętrak
{"title":"Stare medium w nowej szacie. Prasa w komunikacji lokalnej","authors":"Jolanta Kępa-Mętrak","doi":"10.15584/polispol.2023.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2023.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Media communication at all levels is influenced by both socio-political, economic and technological factors. Local press is subject to them in the same way as other media, but due to their specificity (incl. being limited to small target group and at the same time more direct impact on recipients), it often must deal with additional factors that determine its existence. By analyzing selected examples of local publishing houses (case studies), and data from Polish Reading Research and organizations associating local publishers (desk research), the author tries to identify the most important changes taking place in media communication at the local level. Research confirms that the changes mainly affect channels of media communication. Printed press attracts less and less attention of recipients. Its past functions are taken over by the Internet. Until recently, the Internet was an addition to the traditional methods of communication on the local media market. Now it takes the audience from the press, radio and television and forces local broadcasters to look for a place for themselves in it.","PeriodicalId":403819,"journal":{"name":"Polityka i Społeczeństwo","volume":"1127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115365475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Blogi – elektroniczne pamiętniki – nowoczesną formą utrwalania obrazu ży- cia codziennego polskich emigrantów
Polityka i Społeczeństwo Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.15584/polispol.2023.1.3
Magdalena Bierzyńska-Sudoł
{"title":"Blogi – elektroniczne pamiętniki – nowoczesną formą utrwalania obrazu ży- cia codziennego polskich emigrantów","authors":"Magdalena Bierzyńska-Sudoł","doi":"10.15584/polispol.2023.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2023.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the genesis of electronic diaries - blogs that have become a modern and popular form of recording the image of everyday life of Polish immigrants. The main scientific purpose of the article was to show emigration blogs as a specific form of personal documents, which, apart from the information function, are a tool for expressing oneself, creating one's own image, and communicating with other emigrants. The research attention was also focused on the structure of blogs, their divisions and classifications, characteristic features, determined mainly by the substantive contents spread throughout the web. The presented examples confirm that blogs, as personal notes, are a very important element of everyday life of emigration diarists, and a wide range of readers. They also fulfill integrating and therapeutic functions and play an important role in maintaining national identity. With the development of technology, they changed their current form, and became mostly video blogs, but they did not lose their original diary face.","PeriodicalId":403819,"journal":{"name":"Polityka i Społeczeństwo","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131996791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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