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Aerobic fitness trend in the white collar Czech adult population within last 20 years 近20年捷克成年白领人群有氧健身趋势
Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 1998-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438629809512528
Z. Vilikus, A. Novotný, M. Baráčková, L. Boudová, V. Novotny, P. Brandejský
{"title":"Aerobic fitness trend in the white collar Czech adult population within last 20 years","authors":"Z. Vilikus, A. Novotný, M. Baráčková, L. Boudová, V. Novotny, P. Brandejský","doi":"10.1080/15438629809512528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438629809512528","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to evaluate aerobic fitness trends in the Czech adult white collar population within last 20 years. Aerobic fitness parameters were obtained by bicycle spiroergometry. The workrates 1.0 and 2.0 W · kg−1 were performed for 4 min each. After 2 min break the maximal workrate up to vita maxima was performed so that the examined person would reach the reference W peak· kg−1 in the fifth minute. Aerobic fitness in the Czech population changed unfavorably. The decrement was moderate in men and severe in women. Relative number of subjects performing regular exercise activity declined. Smoking habits increased significantly, especially in men. Body fat increased significantly in both male and female populations. The enhancement of body fat correlated to aerobic fitness. According to the accessible literature, the authors evaluate the aerobic fitness of white collar Czech population as lower than that in the USA and West European countries.","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115783963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Performance skating characteristics of professional ice hockey forwards 职业冰球前锋的表演滑冰特点
Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 1998-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438629809512531
M. Bracko, G. Fellingham, L. T. Hall, A. G. Fisher, W. Cryer
{"title":"Performance skating characteristics of professional ice hockey forwards","authors":"M. Bracko, G. Fellingham, L. T. Hall, A. G. Fisher, W. Cryer","doi":"10.1080/15438629809512531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438629809512531","url":null,"abstract":"The performance skating characteristics of the typical National Hockey League forward have not been investigated to the best of the authors' knowledge. The purpose of this study was: (1) to establish an observational protocol and perform motion analysis to identify the individual performance skating characteristics of the high and low, point scoring, National Hockey League forward (n= 12), (2) determine the percentage of execution time spent in each skating characteristic measured by time and the percentage of occurrence of each skating characteristic counted and (3) identify each variable that differentiates a high from a low point scorer. A two‐tiered slow‐motion observational protocol was used to analyze each skating characteristic adopted during a game. Fifteen timed, and 12 frequency, performance skating characteristics were identified and analyzed. The highest mean percentages of time spent by a player in a game were on a two foot glide (39.0%), a cruise stride (16.2%), medium intensity skating (10....","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116070133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 50
Influence of a compression garment on repetitive power output production before and after different types of muscle fatigue 压缩服对不同类型肌肉疲劳前后重复输出功率产生的影响
Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 1998-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438629809512525
W. Kraemer, J. Bush, R. Newton, N. D. Duncan, J. Volek, C. Denegar, P. Canavan, J. Johnston, M. Putukian, W. Sebastianelli
{"title":"Influence of a compression garment on repetitive power output production before and after different types of muscle fatigue","authors":"W. Kraemer, J. Bush, R. Newton, N. D. Duncan, J. Volek, C. Denegar, P. Canavan, J. Johnston, M. Putukian, W. Sebastianelli","doi":"10.1080/15438629809512525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438629809512525","url":null,"abstract":"Compression shorts have become a very popular item of sports apparel. Few data exist about whether they influence athletic performance. The purpose of this study was to determine whether compression shorts affected vertical jump performance after different fatigue tasks (i.e., endurance, strength, and power). In addition, experiments on the influence of a compression garment on joint position sense at the hip and muscle movement velocity upon landing impact was also studied. Healthy college age men and women participated in the various studies. Subjects were thoroughly familiarized with the jump tests and all other experimental techniques. Jumps were performed on an AMTI force plate which was interfaced to a computer with customized software used to determine jump power. Ten consecutive maximal counter movement jumps with arms held at waist level were performed. The compressive garment had no effect on the maximal power of the highest jump in either men or women. The compressive garment significantly enha...","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123148451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 138
Physical activity, aerobic fitness and fatness in preadolescent children 青春期前儿童的体力活动、有氧健身和肥胖
Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 1998-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438629809512522
L. Raudsepp, T. Jürimäe
{"title":"Physical activity, aerobic fitness and fatness in preadolescent children","authors":"L. Raudsepp, T. Jürimäe","doi":"10.1080/15438629809512522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438629809512522","url":null,"abstract":"The relationships between aerobic fitness, physical activity, and body fatness were evaluated in a sample of 223 preadolescent children (119 boys, mean age 8.3 ±1.7 yrs; 104 girls, mean age 8.1 ± 1.9 yrs). Aerobic fitness was assessed by 20m shuttle test. Physical activity level was assessed using the seven‐day physical activity recall. The sum of five skinfolds was used as measure of body fatness. Moderate negative zero order correlation coefficients between aerobic fitness and fatness were obtained in boys (r = ‐0.39) and girls (r = ‐0.52). Controlling the effect of physical growth resulted in a significant inverse relationship between aerobic fitness and fatness. Moderate to vigorous physical activity score was significantly related with aerobic fitness in both boys and girls (r = 0.40 and 0.53, respectively). Analysis of data across fatness quartiles revealed a significant difference in aerobic fitness and in both total as well as moderate to vigorous physical activity where the leanest subject was si...","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116984100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Change in heart rate variability in bedridden patients with severe physical disability 严重身体残疾卧床病人心率变异性的变化
Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 1998-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438629809512523
K. Mita, Yumi Takahashi, K. Akataki, M. Watakabe, N. Suzuki
{"title":"Change in heart rate variability in bedridden patients with severe physical disability","authors":"K. Mita, Yumi Takahashi, K. Akataki, M. Watakabe, N. Suzuki","doi":"10.1080/15438629809512523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438629809512523","url":null,"abstract":"The change in power spectral density of heart rate variability (HRV) during sitting and to an exposure to lower body negative pressure of ‐20 mmHg was estimated in 21 bedridden patients with severe...","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124304898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of an increase in volume and intensity of training in elite, female master (>40 yr) cyclists 增加训练量和强度对精英、女性自行车大师(>40岁)的影响
Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 1998-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438629809512526
M. Buono, J. Nichols, J. Daley, A. Ashinger, A. Baker
{"title":"Effect of an increase in volume and intensity of training in elite, female master (>40 yr) cyclists","authors":"M. Buono, J. Nichols, J. Daley, A. Ashinger, A. Baker","doi":"10.1080/15438629809512526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438629809512526","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to examine maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), lactate threshold (LT), and 13.5 km bicycle time trial performance in elite, female master (>40 yr) cyclists during the course of a 6 month training season. Five elite, female cyclists (mean age = 47 yr), and five age‐matched recreational cyclists served as subjects for the study. VO2 max, LT, and 13.5 km bicycle time were measured at the end of the off‐season (December) and again following 6 months of intensified training. During the off‐season, the master cyclists averaged 160 km a week of moderate (HR 160 bpm) interval training. The results showed that the 13.5 km bicycle time significantly decreased (p < 0.05) from a mean of 1406 sec to 1316 sec in the master cyclists during the course of the competitiv...","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116474698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Comparison of the physiological adaptations to high vs. low stroke rate training in rowers 赛艇运动员对高、低卒中率训练的生理适应比较
Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 1998-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438629809512521
G. Bell, K. Attwood, D. Syrotuik, H. Quinney
{"title":"Comparison of the physiological adaptations to high vs. low stroke rate training in rowers","authors":"G. Bell, K. Attwood, D. Syrotuik, H. Quinney","doi":"10.1080/15438629809512521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438629809512521","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty five male and female novice and experienced rowers were matched on 2500 meter simulated rowing performance times and randomly assigned to either a low stroke rate (LSR, 16–18 strokes per min) or high stroke rate (HSR, 26–28 strokes per min) endurance training group. The heart rate intensity and distance rowed per session was equated for both groups. Endurance training was performed 4 times a week and training distance increased from 7.5 km per session to 12 km per session during 10 weeks. All subjects performed an identical strength training program twice a week on different days. Both groups significantly increased 2500 m performance time, VO2max, strength and anaerobic power. No significant difference was observed between groups for the 2500 m rowing time, the bench and leg press 1 RM and anaerobic power after training, respectively. However, there was a significantly greater increase in VO2max after HSR training. These findings suggest that, despite a difference observed in VO2max adaptation, a ...","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133349846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Factors associated with injury in Australian downhill skiers 澳大利亚速降滑雪运动员受伤的相关因素
Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 1998-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438629809512524
Karyn M. Whelan
{"title":"Factors associated with injury in Australian downhill skiers","authors":"Karyn M. Whelan","doi":"10.1080/15438629809512524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438629809512524","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate various types of downhill skiing injury and determine the major factor(s) associated with injury in a group of downhill skiers, so that specific injury prevention strategies could be proposed. Thirty three injured downhill skiers with 35 injuries who presented to a physiotherapy clinic in an Australian ski resort during a single season were surveyed. Of the 35 injuries, 51 % were acute while 49% were a recurrence of a previous injury. Fifty six percent of the acute injuries involved the knee, while low back injury occurred in 47% of recurrent cases. Skiing‐specific pre‐season training had been completed by 8% of the subjects. None of the subjects conducted a thorough pre‐skiing warm‐up. Forty‐five percent of all injuries occurred during the first 2 hours of skiing. These findings suggest that downhill skiers need to be more widely educated about activity undertaken in preparation for skiing which should include strategies to prevent re‐injury particularly of th...","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133185312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of long term tennis participation on aerobic power, body composition, muscular strength, flexibility and serum lipids 长期参加网球运动对有氧能力、身体成分、肌肉力量、柔韧性和血脂的影响
Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 1998-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438629809512520
A. Swank, Stacey Condra, J. Yates
{"title":"Effect of long term tennis participation on aerobic power, body composition, muscular strength, flexibility and serum lipids","authors":"A. Swank, Stacey Condra, J. Yates","doi":"10.1080/15438629809512520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438629809512520","url":null,"abstract":"Aerobic power, body composition, strength, flexibility and serum lipid concentrations were measured in 28 elite senior male tennis players who had participated in tennis for an average of 20.6 years and 18 moderately active age matched controls to determine the health and fitness benefit of long term tennis participation. A two‐way ANOVA was performed for age (40–59 and 60+ years) and activity (tennis and controls) on all variables except strength. A three‐way ANOVA was performed for strength with the speed of rotation defined as a repeated measure. A significant difference was found between the tennis player and control groups for both age groups studied for both aerobic power and body composition. The tennis player group also expended more kilocalories per week during activity and spent more time in vigorous activity than the control group for both age groups studied as measured by the Yale Physical Activity Survey. There was no significant difference between the experimental groups For strength and fle...","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"16 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128890898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Serum creatine kinase, CK‐MB, and perceived soreness following eccentric exercise in oral contraceptive users 口服避孕药使用者偏心运动后血清肌酸激酶，CK - MB和感知酸痛
Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 1998-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438629809512527
R. Hayward, C. Dennehy, S. J. Rodearmel, C. Schneider
{"title":"Serum creatine kinase, CK‐MB, and perceived soreness following eccentric exercise in oral contraceptive users","authors":"R. Hayward, C. Dennehy, S. J. Rodearmel, C. Schneider","doi":"10.1080/15438629809512527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438629809512527","url":null,"abstract":"Estrogen ingestion has been suggested as a protective mechanism of muscle membrane integrity against an exercise‐induced muscle inflammatory response. Serum creatine kinase (CK) concentration and the heart muscle isoenzyme CK‐MB have been used as diagnostic markers of muscle disruption following exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in serum CK, CK‐MB, and perceived soreness following exercise‐induced muscle disruption in females taking an oral contraceptive (OC) and those not. Subjects included sixteen females, eight in the experimental group and eight in the control group. Estrogen concentration, determined pre‐exercise, was 181 ± 45 pg/ml for the OC group and 124 ± 25 pg/ml for the controls, respectively. Subjects participated in an eccentric hamstring exercise which consisted of six sets of ten repetitions at 110% of concentric 1RM. Serum CK, CK‐MB concentration and perceived soreness were assessed pre‐exercise and immediately, 24,48,72 and 96 hours post‐exercise. Serum C...","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130182152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
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