Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Agricultural Sciences最新文献

{"title":"THE RESULTS OF WINTER WHEAT BREEDING AT THE KINELSKAYA STATE BREEDING STATION AND VOLGA RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION","authors":"G. Maslova, M. R. Abdryaev","doi":"10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-52-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-52-54","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the winter bread wheat’s results of breeding at the Kinel’ State Breeding Station and in the Volga Research Institute. Such varieties as Albidum 11, Albidum 114 (world standard for winter hardiness), Kinelskaya 4, Velutinum 97, Pyrotrix 50, Kinelskaya 5, Kinelskaya 7, Volga 86, Kinelskaya 9, Konstantinovskaya, Kinelskaya 8, Volga Niva, Volga Nov‘, Volga Nadezhda, Volga 30 have been developed over the years of work on the winter wheat’s breeding. Five of the above mentioned varieties were included in the State register of breeding results.","PeriodicalId":403162,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Agricultural Sciences","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125947044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LABORATORY GERMINATION OF SEEDS OF GRAIN SORGHUM VARIETIES","authors":"L. Syrkina, Y. Nikonorova","doi":"10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-55-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-55-58","url":null,"abstract":"The results of a study of laboratory physiological assessment of the germination rate of grain sorghum seeds of the varieties Premiere, Slavyanka, Ros, Kinelskoe 63, Derzhavnoye, Vera selection of the Volga NIISS branch of the SamSC RAS are presented. In the process of laboratory studies of grain sorghum seeds, it was found that seed pecking took place quickly in all varieties, especially in the Derzhavnoye variety. Thus, after rapid pecking, the process of germination rate accelerated, the value of which in this variety was 1.07 days, and also in the same variety, the maximum germination value was 98%","PeriodicalId":403162,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Agricultural Sciences","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132024274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WEEDINESS AND YIELD OF SUGAR BEET UNDER DIFFERENT METHODS OF CROP CARE","authors":"E. Zheryakov","doi":"10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-20-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-20-24","url":null,"abstract":"In field experiments carried out in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region, the influence of various methods of caring for crops on the productivity of sugar beet was studied. For the period from 1998 to 2018.weed infestation of sugar beet crops increased from 52.5% to 55.3%, while the number of all root weeds increased from 1.1 to 6.1 pcs/m2, and sow thistles and plume thistles - from 3.20 to 7.05 pcs/m2. It was noted that at the beginning of the growing season, the number of weeds increased sharply (by 2.8 times) from the phase of mass shoots of the crop to the beginning of the closing of leaves in the inter-row spaces, then the rate of emergence of new weeds decreased, and starting from the phase of opening the rows of sugar beet it increased again (by 1, 3 times).Сounting the number of weeds made it possible to establish that the implementation of three chemical treatments leads to an increase in the number of weeds by the time sugar beets are harvested. If in the initial period of sugar beet growth the number of weeds in the variant with three inter-row treatments was more than 90 pcs/m2, in the case of chemical treatments it was more than 60 pcs/m2, then the opposite was observed during the harvesting period. As a result of the research, it was found that the highest yield of root crops was obtained during three herbicidal treatments.","PeriodicalId":403162,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Agricultural Sciences","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124406252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PRODUCTIVITY OF SAFFLOWER TINCTORIAL DEPENDING ON AGRICULTURAL CULTIVATION THE CONDITIONS OF FOREST-STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION","authors":"T. Prakhova, V. Druzhinin","doi":"10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-31-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-31-36","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of assessing the productivity of Safflower tinctorial, depending on the agricultural practices of cultivation in the forest-steppe conditions of the Middle Volga region. The studies were carried out in 2019-2021, assessing the seeding rates of safflower and the use of growth regulators. The productivity of safflower, depending on the seeding rate, varied from 1.23 to 1.35 t / ha. The highest seed yield was obtained at seeding rates of 300 and 350 thousand viable seeds per hectare and amounted to 1.35 t / ha. The maximum fat content was observed in the case of sowing with a seeding rate of 200 thousand viable seeds per hectare (29.7%). The use of growth regulators increased the yield of Safflower tinctorial to 1.39-1.46 t / ha, with a yield of 1.37 t / ha in the control variant. The highest yield of safflower seeds was obtained on the variants with the treatment with the regulators Zircon and Humate K / Na, the productivity was 1.46 and 1.43 t / ha with oil content of 30.6 and 31.4%. The weight of 1000 seeds varied from 38.4 g (in the control variant) to 40.1 g (in the variant with Zircon treatment), the increase relative to the control was 0.3-1.7 g. Treatment of Safflower tinctorial seeds with growth regulators increases the sowing quality of safflower seeds. The use of the growth regulator Zircon promoted an increase in the growth force of safflower seeds by 25.3-28.3%, the use of K / Na humate increased the laboratory germination of seeds to 81.5%.","PeriodicalId":403162,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Agricultural Sciences","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124897616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF BACTERIAL PREPARATIONS ON FESTULOLIUM CROPS (X FESTULOLIUM F. ASCHERS. ET GRAEBN.) DEPENDING ON VARIETAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION","authors":"A. A. Galiullin, E. A. Kalinichev","doi":"10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-13-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-13-19","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents research on the use of bacterial preparations in the cultivation technology of a new fodder crop Festulolium introduced in the Penza region. The effect of seed inoculation on the formation and development of a viable, resistant to arid climate agrocenosis was studied. It was found that the Izumrudny variety is characterized by high adaptive capacity and can compete with the standard VIK-90 under long-term use due to better winter hardiness (92.4%), less plant death during the growing season (7.7%). Indices of photosynthetic activity of Emerald variety festulolium are higher compared to VIK-90 variety: leaf area - 51.3 m2/ ha, photosynthetic potential - 303 thousand m2 d./ha, net photosynthetic productivity - 3.34 g/m2/day. Exogenous seed treatment leads to an increase in individual development indicators of Festulolium plants. The conducted studies show that to create early-ripening stands it is most advisable to cultivate sort VIK-90 with exogenous treatment of seeds by preparation «Agrica» + microelements.","PeriodicalId":403162,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Agricultural Sciences","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123252825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INFLUENCE OF ORGANOMINERAL FERTILIZERS AND BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS ON THE CONTENT OF NUTRIENTS IN THE BASIC AND SIDE PRODUCTS AND THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SPRING WHEAT IN THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE VOLGA REGION","authors":"S. Zakharov","doi":"10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-64-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-64-69","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the comparative effectiveness of mineral and organic fertilizers when combined with biological product and their influence on the productivity of spring wheat. Studies have shown that the combination of manure with pre-sowing treatment of seeds with biological preparations made it possible in this experiment to form a high yield of spring wheat, which varied within 3.48-3.99 t/ha, which is higher than the absolute norm by 0.32-0.83 t / ha.","PeriodicalId":403162,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Agricultural Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121754318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INDICATORS OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY OF PLANTS AND SOYBEAN YIELD WHEN USING GROWTH STIMULANTS","authors":"A. Burunov, V. Vasin, A. V. Vasin, R. N. Saniev","doi":"10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-3-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-3-12","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of scientific research on the application of growth-stimulating agents in pre-sowing treatment of seeds and soybean crops by development phases in the forest-steppe conditions of the Middle Volga region. Results of researches for 2016-2018 with estimation of indexes of saving of plants, photosynthetic activity and yield of soybean at different variants of treatment of crops with growth stimulants are resulted. The use of two-component preparations in the pre-sowing treatment of seeds contributes to better completeness of shoots, the safety of plants to harvesting 61.82%. The maximum leaf area is formed in a phase of soybean blossoming and is in the range of 38.6...51.2 thousand m2/ha. Seed treatment with MegamixSemena and its mixture with Rizotorfin only slightly increases the yield (by 0.03...0.05 t/ha). The use of stimulants in the treatment of soybean crops provides a significant increase of 0.10 to 0.18 t/ha. The maximum yield of 1.62 t/ha is formed on the variant of treatment of crops by MegamixProfi against the background of treatment of seeds by mixture MegamixSemena + Risotorfin.","PeriodicalId":403162,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Agricultural Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122963132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INFESTATION OF WINTER WHEAT WITH LEAF DISEASES IN THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE SAMARA REGION","authors":"E. A. Vikhrova","doi":"10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-59-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-59-63","url":null,"abstract":"Protecting crops against diseases is of paramount importance. In order to achieve high crop yields, it is necessary to reduce the negative impact of pests, of which disease pathogens are the most important. On average, it is estimated that up to 20 % of grain is lost due to diseases. This article analyzes the damage of winter wheat varieties by leaf diseases, and assesses their resistance to this pathogen. The peculiarities of winter wheat susceptibility to leaf diseases in different phases of its development and the effect of the disease on crop productivity are highlighted. The most resistant varieties to leaf diseases are proposed for introduction into production. This is very relevant at present, when high yield losses from these diseases are observed. The aim of our research was to study and clarify the species composition of causative agents of winter wheat diseases affecting leaves, stems and ears in forest-steppe of Samara region. Studies on the subject were carried out in the experimental fields of the P.N. Konstantinov Volga Research Institute of Wheat Disease Control. Brown rust and powdery mildew infestation starts from the lower tier leaves. Resistance to brown rust was determined by the degree of damage to the flag leaf on the Peterson scale. The winter wheat varieties Povolzhskaya 86 and PovolzhskayaNiva were more resistant to leaf rust pathogens in the years of study, while Konstantinovskaya was less resistant. Despite the high percentage of disease prevalence, these varieties have high yields, indicating field resistance. The most common leaf diseases in 2021 were powdery mildew, brown rust, and septoriosis.","PeriodicalId":403162,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Agricultural Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115116027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE RESULTS OF THE MUNG BEAN’S INTRODUCTION (VIGNA RADIATA (L.) WILCZEK) IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION FOR 2013-2020","authors":"А.А. Kuryanovich","doi":"10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-46-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-46-51","url":null,"abstract":"The work’s results on introducing a new (for the region) agricultural cropper – mung bean, Vignaradiata (L.) Wilczek are presented in the article. This is an ancient cropper of southern origin, which has a set of valuable economical and biological properties and qualities. The spread of this cropper was limited recently by its requirements for climatic conditions. However, global and local climate changes on the planet contribute to the advancement of crop production’s boundaries to the north. In particular, research shows that the Samara region turned out to be currently the farthest northern geographical point in the world where the mung bean can grow. The mung bean study has been carried out since 2013 in order to determine the possibility of breeding’s work beginning leading to the creation of varieties with the purpose to the environmental conditions of the Middle Volga. The starting breeding material was developed. The “Saltan” variety was created on the base of single-seed descent method, which exceeded the seed parent form in terms of productivity and the bush height. This variety was transferred to the Russian Federation’s State Expert Committee on Examining and Protection of successful breeds in 2020. On the basis of the previous studies, it can be concluded that the mung bean plants in the Middle Volga region do not have distortion in the cycle’s developmental scion. The stage processes are stable and adapted to the local climatic conditions; the productivity and size of these plants correspond to the required crop’s indicators; the life form bushing-is saved; self-seeding is not formed. The plants successfully breed by artificial means; the vegetative way of breeding was not revealed. It is necessary to continue studying the influence of biotic and abiotic environmental factors on the production process in specific weather and climatic conditions of the area alongside the selection process.","PeriodicalId":403162,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Agricultural Sciences","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125535467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS FOR HARVEST INDEX IN SPRING BARLEY CULTIVARS","authors":"D. Dolzhenko","doi":"10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-37-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-37-45","url":null,"abstract":"Under the contrasting hydrothermal conditions of the Middle Volga forest-steppe in the system of diallel crosses (6×6) the combinative ability of three indices of barley yield index was studied: the ratio of the mass of grain per plant to plant weight, the ratio of the mass of grain from the main shoot to the mass of the shoot, the ratio of the mass of grain from the ear to the mass of the main spice. It was found that the manifestation of all the studied indicators was influenced by the conditions of the year of research and genotype. Hybrid populations on average had higher values of yield index compared to parental forms. All indices of the yield index were inherited mainly by the type of heterosis and positive dominance, while the ratio of the weight of grains per ear to the weight of the main ear, also by the type of intermediate inheritance. Effect indices and variants of general and specific combinational ability were calculated. It was found that both additive and non-additive effects were manifested in trait control, while the role of non-additive effects increased for the ratio of grain mass per plant to plant mass and the ratio of grain mass from the main ear to the ear mass in dry year, and for the ratio of grain mass per ear to the mass of the main ear - additive effects. Coefficient of heritability of plant grain weight to plant weight in broad sense (H2) was 0,70...0,82, in narrow sense (h2) - 0,47...0,51, ), ratio of grain weight of main spike to shoot weight - 0,79...0,88 and 0,44...0,57, ratio of grain weight of main spike to main spike weight - 0,88...0,95 and 0,51...0,66, respectively. It is concluded that these traits are characterized by an average degree of heritability, the selection for increasing the yield index can be successful, but the selection should begin in later generations, in any year under the conditions of moisture. The effects of the Ox correlated significantly with the expression of traits in the original parents (r = 0,75...0,89 for the parental varieties, 0,90...0,95 for the parental varieties and 0,92...0,98 for the parental varieties); therefore, selection of pairs for increasing all indicators can be conducted on the basis of their values in the parental varieties. On the basis of high values of the general combinative ability were identified valuable donors: Nutans 553 and Anna (all indexes of yield index), Margret (ratio of grain mass per plant to the mass of the plant in favorable conditions, the ratio of grain mass from the main shoot to the mass of the shoot). Also identified a number of hybrid combinations with high values of special combinative ability, from which it is possible to select promising breeding lines: Nutans 553/Margret (by all indices of yield index), Condor/Margret (ratio of grain mass per plant to plant weight and ratio of grain mass per ear to the mass of the main ear), Omskiyholozerny 1/Lun (ratio of grain mass per main shoot to the mass of shoot and ratio of grain mass per ear","PeriodicalId":403162,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Agricultural Sciences","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127768790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}