{"title":"PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL STATE AS A MARKER REFLECTING THE CAUSES OF DEGRADATION OF THE FOREST COMPLEX OF THE CITY OF TOGLIATTI","authors":"S. S. Saksonov, E.D. Bystrova","doi":"10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-70-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-70-75","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents interim results of monitoring the state of forest ecosystems in the city of Osh. Togliatti. The studies were carried out on the basis of MKU “Togliatti forest” together with its employees and the employees of the branch of FGBU “Roslesozashchita- “center for forest protection of the Orenburg region”. At the time of collecting the material, the authors of the article were employees of the Tolyatti forestry municipal institution, and were external part-timers of the IEB RAS. The study reflects the problem of forest sustainability due to adverse climate changes. The research is based on approved acts of health care organizations. Conditions affecting the components of forest ecosystems are characterized and generalized. In the course of the study, 81 test areas were laid. The total research area is 467 hectares. The study identified the following factors: drought, the impact of hurricane-force winds of previous years, diseases and pests","PeriodicalId":403162,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Agricultural Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132217952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EFFICIENCY OF ENERGY-SAVING SOIL TREATMENTS IN THE CULTIVATION OF WINTER WHEAT ON THE CHERNOZEMS OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION","authors":"E. Kuzina","doi":"10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-25-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-1-25-30","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents data about the efficiency of cultivation of winter wheat depending on the ways of the main processing of the soil, applying fertilizers and chemical fertilizers of «Fitotrix». The studies were conducted in 2018-2020, on chernozem heavy loamy soils. As a result of the studies, it was found that the comb-back treatment was more effective in terms of the effect on the productivity of winter wheat, where the average yield was 4.55 t/ha. The variants with shallow and surface treatment were not inferior in terms of yield size to the control (autumn plowing by 20-22 cm). Mineral fertilizers at a dose of N30P30K30 had a positive effect on the development of plants and provided an increase in the productivity of the culture studied in the experiment relative to the non-fertilized background by an average of 0.61 t/ha. Treatment of plants with «Fitotrix» increased grain production on a non-fertilized background by 0.41 t/ha, against the background of N30P30K30 by 0.89 t/ha. The greatest responsiveness in the collection of grain from fertilizers was observed in the variants of comb-back processing and surface disking, where the increases were 0.68 – 0.89 t/ha against the background of N30P30K30 application, and 1.05 t/ha against the background of N30P30K30 + Fitotrix. The use of resource-saving treatments provided significant cost savings as compared to plowing. Production costs were reduced by 10% when performing comb-cutting, flat-cutting and surface treatment with a disc harrow by 12-14%. Profit per 1 ha and energy efficiency ratio increased by 8-10% and 8-9%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":403162,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131086137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}