WEEDINESS AND YIELD OF SUGAR BEET UNDER DIFFERENT METHODS OF CROP CARE

E. Zheryakov
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Abstract

In field experiments carried out in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region, the influence of various methods of caring for crops on the productivity of sugar beet was studied. For the period from 1998 to 2018.weed infestation of sugar beet crops increased from 52.5% to 55.3%, while the number of all root weeds increased from 1.1 to 6.1 pcs/m2, and sow thistles and plume thistles - from 3.20 to 7.05 pcs/m2. It was noted that at the beginning of the growing season, the number of weeds increased sharply (by 2.8 times) from the phase of mass shoots of the crop to the beginning of the closing of leaves in the inter-row spaces, then the rate of emergence of new weeds decreased, and starting from the phase of opening the rows of sugar beet it increased again (by 1, 3 times).Сounting the number of weeds made it possible to establish that the implementation of three chemical treatments leads to an increase in the number of weeds by the time sugar beets are harvested. If in the initial period of sugar beet growth the number of weeds in the variant with three inter-row treatments was more than 90 pcs/m2, in the case of chemical treatments it was more than 60 pcs/m2, then the opposite was observed during the harvesting period. As a result of the research, it was found that the highest yield of root crops was obtained during three herbicidal treatments.
不同作物养护方式下甜菜的杂草和产量
在中伏尔加河地区森林草原条件下进行了田间试验,研究了不同作物照料方式对甜菜产量的影响。从1998年到2018年。甜菜作物杂草侵染从52.5%增加到55.3%,而所有根杂草的数量从1.1增加到6.1 pcs/m2,播蓟和羽蓟从3.20增加到7.05 pcs/m2。结果表明,在生长季节开始时,从作物的大量芽期到行间叶合期,杂草数量急剧增加(增加2.8倍),然后新杂草的出苗率下降,从甜菜开行期开始,杂草数量再次增加(增加1.3倍)。Сounting杂草的数量使得有可能确定三种化学处理的实施导致甜菜收获时杂草数量的增加。如果在甜菜生长初期,三行间处理的杂草数量大于90支/m2,化学处理的杂草数量大于60支/m2,那么在收获期间观察到相反的情况。研究结果表明,三种除草剂处理的根茎作物产量最高。
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